Innovative VOLUME 12 ISSUE 3
VETERINARY CARE
SUPPLEMENTS FOR EFFECTIVE CARDIAC SUPPORT HEART PROBLEMS ARE RELATIVELY COMMON IN DOGS AND CATS, AND THESE SUPPLEMENTS MAKE AN EFFECTIVE ADDITION TO YOUR TREATMENT PLAN. — P. 57
EXERCISES THAT KEEP GERIATRIC DOGS FIT — PHYSICALLY AND MENTALLY
Regular exercise improves memory and cognition, strengthens muscles, and enhances quality of life in senior dogs. — P. 8
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NUTRACEUTICALS FOR FELINE CACHEXIA
HERBS FOR HEARTWORM
This case study shows how herbal therapies can be used to treat heartworm disease when medications aren’t effective. — P. 26
DEALING WITH SEPARATION ANXIETY IN DOGS
How a range of supplements can help manage this complicated condition in cats. — P. 17
Why understanding separation anxiety and separation-related behaviors helps with diagnosis and treatment. — P. 35
3D HOLOGRAPHIC IMAGING IN VETERINARY PRACTICE
OSTEOPATHY FOR EQUINE BACK PAIN
This technology is new to veterinary medicine, but it’s already making a significant difference to diagnostics. —P. 22
How back pain attributed to “kissing spines” can benefit from osteopathic treatment. — P. 62
contents FEATURES
THE GERIATRIC DOG'S 35 8 KEEPING BRAIN AND BODY FIT WITH EXERCISE By Laurie McCauley, DVM, DACVSMR, CCRT, CVA, CVC, and Evelyn Orenbuch, DVM, DACVSMR, CCRT, CAVCA
From improving memory and cognition to strengthening muscles and enhancing quality of life, regular exercise benefits the health and well-being to your geriatric canine patients.
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By Moira Hechenleitner, DVM, CSAT Understanding separation anxiety and separation-related behaviors helps with the diagnosis and treatment of affected dogs.
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How heart intelligence and coherence techniques allow for increased workplace communication, morale, satisfaction, productivity, innovative problem-solving, and more.
By Jared Mitchell, DVM, CVMA, CVA, CVFT
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THE USE AND IMPACT OF 3D HOLOGRAPHIC IMAGING IN VETERINARY MEDICINE By Omer Rashid, DVM, MSc Parasitology 3D holographic imaging has added good value to human healthcare. While this technology has only recently been introduced to veterinary medicine, its footprint can be substantive.
REPORT — USING HERBS TO 26 CASE TREAT HEARTWORM IN A DOG
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By Cynthia Lankenau, DVM, RH (AHG)
How herbal therapies were used to successfully treat heartworm disease in a dog that didn’t respond to macrocyclic lactones and melarsenoxide.
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INNOVATIVE PRACTICE HEART INTELLIGENCE FOR VETERINARY TEAMS By Barrie Sands, DVM
NUTRACEUTICALS FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF FELINE CACHEXIA Defining and understanding feline cachexia can be complicated, but the use of nutraceuticals can help manage the condition.
RISK FACTORS AND BEHAVIORS ASSOCIATED WITH SEPARATION ANXIETY IN DOGS
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TAKING ON HEART DISEASE IN DOGS AND CATS By Kelly Diehl, DVM
A review of some of the latest studies and recent findings on heart disease — and a look at where cardiology research is heading.
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NUTRITION NOOK CARDIAC SUPPLEMENTS FOR , DOGS AND CATS By Nancy Scanlan, DVM, CVA
Heart problems are relatively common in dogs and cats. A range of supplements can help support your cardiac patients, and make an effective addition to your treatment plan.
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OSTEOPATHIC TREATMENT FOR BACK PAIN IN HORSES
By Ann-Marie B. Hancock, DVM, EDO How equine patients with back pain attributed to “kissing spines” can benefit from osteopathy.
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42 COLUMNS & DEPARTMENTS
7 Editorial 15 Profitable practice — ImpriMed 20 From the VMAA 25 From the AVH 33 News bite 34 Profitable practice — AnimalBiome 47 From the AHVMA 48 Newsworthy 49 From the VBMA 53 From the IVAS
Dr. Richard Palmquist, DVM GDipVCHM(CIVT) CVCHM (IVAS), graduated from Colorado State University in 1983. He is chief of integrative health services at Centinela Animal Hospital in Inglewood, California, former president and research chair of the AHVMA, and an international speaker in integrative veterinary medicine. Dr. Palmquist is a consultant for the Veterinary Information Network (VIN) and a past president of the AHVM Foundation. He has published two books, one for conventional veterinarians and a second for clients discussing how integrative thinking works.
Michelle J. Rivera, MT, VDT, is an instructor at the University of Wisconsin and The Healing Oasis Wellness Center, a post-graduate educational institution offering state-approved programs. She is coowner of The Healing Oasis Veterinary Hospital, offering massage, rehabilitation, chiropractic and Chinese and Western Herbology. Michelle completed the Chinese Herbal Medicine program from the China Beijing International Acupuncture Training Center, and is certified in Chinese Medicine by the Wisconsin Institute of Chinese Herbology.
Dr. Joyce Harman, DVM, MRCVS, graduated in 1984 from Virginia Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine. Her practice is 100% holistic, using acupuncture, chiropractic, herbal medicine and homeopathy to treat horses to enhance performance and those with a variety of chronic conditions, with an emphasis on Lyme Disease. Her publications include the Pain Free Back and Saddle Fit Books, and numerous articles in lay and professional magazines. She maintains an informative website: www.harmanyequine.com. Dr. Steve Marsden, DVM, ND, MSOM, Lac. Dipl.CH, CVA, AHG lectures for IVAS, the AHVMA, the AVMA, and numerous other organizations. He is co-founder of the College of Integrative Veterinary Therapies and is a director emeritus of the National University of Natural Medicine in Portland OR. He authored the Manual of Natural Veterinary Medicine (Mosby); and Essential Guide to Chinese Herbal Formulas (CIVT). Dr. Marsden is extensively trained in alternative medicine, including Chinese herbology, acupuncture and naturopathic medicine. He has holistic veterinary and naturopathic medical practices in Edmonton, Alberta. In 2010, Dr. Marsden was named Teacher of the Year by the AHVMA; and Small Animal Veterinarian of the year by the CVMA in 2009. Dr. Jean Dodds, DVM, received her veterinary degree in 1964 from the Ontario Veterinary College. In 1986, she moved to Southern California to establish Hemopet, the first non-profit national blood bank program for animals. Dr. Dodds has been a member of many national and international committees on hematology, animal models of human disease, veterinary medicine, and laboratory animal science. She received the Holistic Veterinarian of the Year Award from the AHVMA in 1994.
54 In the news 56 Industry innovations 66 Need to know
Dr. Barbara Fougere, DVM, CVAA graduated in 1986, and was named the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association Educator for 2011. Dr. Fougere is the principal and one of the founders of the College of Integrative Veterinary Therapies. She has continued studying over the last 26 years, and has three Bachelor degrees, two Masters degrees, three post Graduate Diplomas, several Certifications and numerous other courses under her belt.
Dr. Christina Chambreau, DVM, CVH, graduated from the University of Georgia Veterinary College in 1980. She is a founder of the Academy of Veterinary Homeopathy, was on the faculty of the National Center for Homeopathy Summer School and has been the holistic modality adjunct faculty liaison for the Maryland Veterinary Technician Program and is the former Associate Editor of IVC Journal. Dr. Chambreau teaches classes in homeopathy for animals, lectures on many topics, speaks on Radio and TV, and is the author of the Healthy Animal’s Journal among other titles. She is now on the faculty of the Holistic Actions Academy, which empowers members to keep their animals healthy with weekly live webinars.
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3D
The use and impact of
HOLOGRAPHIC IMAGING
in veterinary medicine BY OMER RASHID, DVM, MSC (HONS)
3D holographic imaging has added good value to human healthcare. While this technology has only recently been introduced to veterinary medicine, its footprint can be substantive.
scans and MRIs into contiguous 3D images. These 3D images can be viewed interactively on a compatible screen, or their holographic renditions can be analyzed via a virtual reality headset.
Until recently, radiologists and physicians spent a lot of time and energy accurately deciphering 3D pathologies from 2D images. But radiological diagnostics no longer have to be as cumbersome as they were in the past. With the advent of 3D holographic technology, clinicians can now analyze medical images as real-life physical objects.
Using specialized holography equipment, holographic images are recorded by shining a laser beam on an object and recording it through a medium that clarifies the image.1
3D medical imaging is in no way a new kid on the block. The technology has been around for a while, but is far more advanced now than it was in the initial launch phase around two decades ago. Today’s 3D images are much more detailed, with much less noise. Furthermore, one of the most important breakthroughs in medical imaging technology is the advent of holography. Immersive and interactive holographic images of any multidimensional object can now be produced via specialized equipment. It is also possible to ditch the specialized machinery because the software now available can convert regular medical image datasets such as CT
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HOW DOES 3D HOLOGRAPHIC IMAGING WORK?
The laser is split into two beams: the object and the reference beam. The object beam is made to strike the object, and some of the light reflected off that object is saved in the recording medium. The reference beam is directed toward the recording medium, where it coordinates with the object beam to form a more precise image. A virtual image is created by the interference pattern generated by the object and reference beams.2 In simple terms, the technology captures the light scattered by an object and presents it as a 3D image. Software is also available that simply automates the process of converting CT scans and MRIs into holographic images. The software combines the different CT scan data and forms a single 3D holographic image that can be conveniently analyzed from different angles and depths.3
Based on holographic technology, we also now have augmented reality, which means holographic images can be superimposed onto the patient’s body.
WHERE THE VETERINARY INDUSTRY STANDS ON HOLOGRAPHIC TECHNOLOGY
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Fully formed detailed 3D holographic models of animals present clinicians with the option to reach a more accurate diagnosis. The patient’s area of concern, the organs and related internal structures, can be examined in an interactive way via holograms to pinpoint the root cause of the problem.
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The benefits of holographic technology are not limited to diagnosis. Holographic images make it possible for veterinary surgeons to identify individual anatomical nuances. Surgical planning can be sharpened and individualized by having detailed information about the animal via holographic images. This results in higher surgery success rates and fewer complications.
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Holographic technology can also be used for surgical rehearsal, which allows surgeons to familiarize themselves with the surgical environment without having to face surgery time pressure.
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The digital availability of 3D holograms allows veterinary professionals to easily share them with pet owners. This means clients are better informed about their pets’ conditions, and feel more confident about the course of treatment.
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Veterinarians can also share digital holograms with other veterinary clinicians and experts in real time, for a second opinion. This has the potential to drastically improve veterinary care.
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Veterinarians can further benefit from augmented reality, which allows the superimposition of holographic images onto the animal’s body in real time. The superimposed images can be viewed in conjunction with specialized headsets that can present extra information to the veterinary surgeon, thus optimizing the surgical procedure. This literally translates to surgeons having
The holographic industry is expected to show continuous growth. The factors driving the demand for this technology include higher investments in healthcare facilities, a growing need for technological advancements in surgical rooms, and individualized treatments. A quick Google Scholar search shows that a lot of veterinary research is making use of holographic imaging tools. However, as far as the general veterinary industry is concerned, holographic imaging and augmented reality can in no way be termed the norm.4 Factors such as limited expenditure by veterinary care facilities are resulting in an overall curtailment in the use of this technology. However, the potential benefits of the technology are being appreciated, and there is an upward trend in its adoption. When it comes to veterinary education institutes in the US, serious efforts have been made over the past few years to make use of holographic technology to enhance education delivery.5 One of many examples is the University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, which invested in a 3D medicine program. The program started out with tools concerned only with 3D printing, but has grown to encompass holography and augmented reality as well.6 Completely realistic and textured 3D holographic animal models are now accessible to students in most veterinary institutes.
HOW 3D HOLOGRAPHY CAN BE USED IN VETERINARY MEDICINE 1. A ids clinicians in providing better veterinary care Holographic technology can contribute to providing advanced veterinary care because it has brought much-needed progress to the area of medical imaging. It can be used to provide high resolution 3D visualization of a patient’s body, which is a considerable advantage over 2D medical images. •
Radiologists and clinicians can now better understand patient anatomies and pathologies by interacting with holographic images that present realistic spatial relationships between organs and internal structures.
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X-ray vision, along with digitally displayed information such as heart rate. Traditionally, veterinary surgeons had to move back and forth between the patient and the 2D medical images on their computer screens while performing surgery. Now, holography and augmented reality can ensure all the relevant information is in the surgeon’s field of view. •
3D holography can help get rid of uncomfortable physical procedures. It can also be useful in screening for problems when intricate organs such as the brain or heart are involved.7
2. Improves veterinary education Giving veterinary students the best possible education is of the utmost importance. Well-trained veterinary graduates translate to healthy animals. To achieve a better standard of education, holographic technology has a considerable role to play. Veterinary students sometimes lack complete comprehension of the spatial relationships between different anatomical structures. The skill of mentally visualizing a patient’s area of concern is key to achieving good diagnosis and error-free surgeries.
Fast facts •
The name “holography” was coined by Dr. Dennis Gabor in 1948. He developed the theory of holography while working to improve electron microscope resolution. Dr. Gabor received a Nobel prize for his seminary work on holographic technology.
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Further development in the field of holography took place with the invention of laser in 1960.
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“Holography” means “complete message.” It is meant to convey complete information of a multidimensional object.
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Holography uses purpose-built hardware, software, and advanced programming to create a hologram image.
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3D holographic imaging can enhance veterinary education by providing students with novel methods of anatomical understanding. The technology allows students to experience an elaborate study of patient anatomy and organs without worrying about resource constraints. Students can learn the anatomy of various animals in a more detailed and interactive manner. Virtual reality headsets can significantly enhance their study experience by making it more exciting. Holographic imaging can also be used to better train students for conducting surgeries. The technology can facilitate a virtual environment where they can practice and polish their surgical skills. The technology helps students experience an individualized approach to education. They no longer have to conform to a set way of learning. The traditional use of manuals and preplanned dissections can be done away with, and students can have the freedom to learn as they will. The novel visualization methods and the freedom they bring also incite more affinity for learning in students.
3. Contributes to research Since its introduction to medical science, holography has validated its worth by providing not only better veterinary healthcare and education, but also new tools for research and development. Holographic microscopy is being extensively used to conduct non-invasive studies at a cellular level. The technology has also been helpful in analyzing drug responses and for conducting a better evaluation of clinical trials. Digital holography can also be used in multidimensional sensing.8
FUTURE TRENDS AND DIRECTION Holographic technology can potentially impact every aspect of our lives, but healthcare and veterinary medicine are the fields that can benefit most. The further advancement of holographic technology involves efforts to introduce realistic images that do not require specialized glasses or headsets. It is expected that gearless holographic displays and floating holographic images will become mainstream in the near future. The future application of holography may go as far as introducing “holoveterinarians.” A veterinarian will be able to see detailed holograms of diseased animals and provide treatment remotely. Holography will also prove helpful in manufacturing pharmaceuticals and healthcare products. With time, various advanced holography applications are destined to emerge, and will significantly improve both human and veterinary healthcare services.
From the AVH The Academy of Veterinary Homeopathy is comprised of veterinarians who share a common desire to restore true health to their patients through the use of homeopathic treatment. Members of the Academy are dedicated to understanding and preserving the principles of Classical Homeopathy.
HOMEOPATHY FOR HEART DISEASE IN ANIMALS Heart disease is very common in companion animals, while vascular disease is fairly rare, so this column will focus on the former. Cardiac pathology is often sycotic, evidenced by the vegetative lesions seen in valvular disease, or neoplasia such as heart base tumors. Heart disease often has an immune mediated cause, and the strong connection between vaccination and immune disease also supports the connection between sycotic miasm and heart disease. Autoimmune disease is usually connected to the syphylitic miasma, and psora tends to underly both sycotic and syphylitic miasms. For these reasons, anti-miasmatic and especially anti-psoric remedies are good choices for treating heart disease in animals. Both local and constitutional prescribing are often needed, with lower potencies more helpful near the end of life. Diuretics and ACE inhibitors do not seem to antidote homeopathic medicines, and can be used to benefit remedies in some cases. We can often stop conventional drugs when homeopathy begins to take effect. Here are a few useful homeopathic remedies for heart disease in companion animals: •
Spongia tosta can be given when the main symptom is a cardiac cough, which can sound like “sawing through wood.” The cough gets worse when the animal is excited and sitting up, and improves while lying down and drinking water. Fear and anxiety are often part of the disease manifestation.
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Crataegus oxyacantha has a tonic effect on the heart. This remedy can be given when there is extreme dyspnea with the slightest exertion. The subject is better in fresh air, with rest. The animal has an irritable personality. Crataegus oxyacantha is useful when very few specific symptoms are present for choosing a remedy.
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Digitalis purpurea can be given when slight movement causes palpitation and the subject has a weak, slow, and irregular pulse.
Tahara T, Quan X, Otani R, Takaki Y, Matoba O. Digital holography and its multidimensional imaging applications: a review. Microscopy (Oxf). 2018;67(2):55-67. doi:10.1093/jmicro/dfy007. 1
Haleem A, Javaid M, Khan IH. Holography applications toward the medical field: An overview. Indian J Radiol Imaging. 2020;30(3):354-361. doi:10.4103/ijri.IJRI_39_20. 2
Handwerk B. Medical holograms are now part of the surgeon’s toolkit. Smithsonianmag.com. March 27, 2015. Accessed May 5, 2022. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/ medical-holograms-are-now-part-surgeons-toolkit-180954791/. 3
Wilkie N, McSorley G, Creighton C, Sanderson D, Muirhead T, Bressan N. Mixed Reality for Veterinary Medicine: Case Study of a Canine Femoral Nerve Block. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc. 2020 Jul;2020:6074-6077. doi: 10.1109/EMBC44109.2020.9175620. PMID: 33019356. 4
Norman G. Willis, Fonda A. Monroe, J, et al. Envisioning the Future of Veterinary Medical Education: The Association of American Veterinary Medical Colleges Foresight Project, Final Report. Journal of Veterinary Medical Education 2007 34:1, 1-41. 5
Adorno S. Augmented reality at Penn Vet. Published April 3, 2018. Accessed May 5, 2022. https://www.vet.upenn.edu/about/news-room/bellwether/penn-vet-extra/penn-vet-extraapril-2018/augmented-reality-at-penn-vet. 6
Mishra S. Hologram the future of medicine - From Star Wars to clinical imaging. Indian Heart J. 2017;69(4):566-567. doi:10.1016/j.ihj.2017.07.017. 7
Tahara T, Quan X, Otani R, Takaki Y, Matoba O. Digital holography and its multidimensional imaging applications: a review. Microscopy (Oxf). 2018;67(2):55-67. doi:10.1093/jmicro/dfy007.
Submitted by Todd Cooney, DVM, CVH
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