Urban decay is the sociological process by which a previously functioningcity,orpartofacity,fallsintodisrepairanddecrepitude.It may feature deindustrialization, depopulation or deurbanization, economicrestructuring,abandonedbuildingsandinfrastructure,high localunemployment,increased poverty,fragmented families,low overalllivingstandardsandqualityoflife,politicaldisenfranchisement, crime,elevatedlevelsofpollution,andadesolatecityscape,knownas
Urbanareasareexperiencinggreatchangesregardingthelocationand
DuringtheIndustrialRevolution,from thelateeighteenthcenturytothe earlynineteenthcentury,ruralpeoplemovedfrom thecountrytothe citiesforemploymentinthemanufacturingindustry,thuscausingthe urban population boom.However,subsequenteconomicchangeleft manycitieseconomicallyvulnerable.StudiessuchastheUrbanTask Force,theUrbanWhitePaper,andastudyofScottishcitiespositthat areassufferingindustrialdecline—highunemployment,poverty,anda decaying physicalenvironment(sometimes including contaminated land and obsolete infrastructure)—prove "highly resistant to
Themanufacturingsectorhasbeenabasefortheprosperityofmajorcities.Whentheindustrieshaverelocated outsideofcities,somehaveexperiencedpopulationlosswithassociatedurbandecay,andevenriots.Increased
Themainresponsestourbandecayhavebeenthroughpositivepublicinterventionandpolicy, through a plethora ofinitiatives,funding streams,and agencies,using theprinciplesofNew Urbanism).
