International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 12 Issue: 07 | Jul 2025
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
Utilization of Waste Glass as a Partial Replacement For Cement in Concrete Evaluating Pozzolanic Activity and Durability Anurag Badola1, Jaspreet Kaur2 Civil Engineering, CT University, Ludhiana, India --------------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------ABSTRACT This research is examining the viability and effectiveness of powdered waste glass as supplementary cementitious material (SCM) in concrete, and the key goal is detecting the maximum level of replacement in an efficient way that sustains the interests in sustainability and structural integrity. Investigations were carried out using ordinary Portland cement replaced by powdered waste glass in three levels (20%, 35% and 50% on weight), in addition to benchmark mixes, in which fly ash and silica fume were added. The standardized testing procedures charged compressive strength and split tensile strength, modulus of elasticity, and durability parameters, such as permeability, alkali-silica reaction (ASR), sulfate resistance, freeze-thaw resistance, and water resistance. The advanced microstructure analysis based on SEM/EDS revealed the intrinsic morphology and the reaction products, whereas the environmental impact was determined based on measurement of expressed reductions in CO 2 emissions, and diversion of glass waste products out of landfills. Demonstrated results indicated that replacement level of 20 percent powdered waste glass had mechanical properties and durability properties almost equal to conventional concrete with a 28 days accompanied compressive strength of 38 MPa (just 5 percent lower compared to the control) and good tensile and flexural strength and low ASR expansion. WG 20 mix also exhibited positive sulfate resistance as well as lowered water absorption. It was noted by environmental analysis that there was a significant reduction in CO 2 emissions and real diversion of glass waste superfluous to the waste cycle. Nonetheless, a replacement exceeding 20 per cent caused a stronger decrease in strength and durability. This study has also established that the powdered waste of glass, utilized no more than 20 percent by weight is a cost-effective and sustainable SCM and therefore offers some practical advice with regard to sustainable concrete mixing designs.
Keywords: waste glass powder, supplementary cementitious material, sustainable concrete, durability, CO₂ reduction 1.Introduction The expansion of the global construction sector in recent decades has brought about significant environmental challenges, primarily due to the extensive use of concrete as the backbone of infrastructure. Central to concrete’s composition is Portland cement, which is produced through highly energy-intensive processes involving the calcination of limestone at temperatures exceeding 1400°C. This manufacturing process releases vast amounts of carbon dioxide (CO₂) into the atmosphere, making cement production responsible for approximately 8% of total global CO₂ emissions. In countries like India, experiencing accelerated urbanization and infrastructure growth, cement production has become the third-largest industrial source of CO₂ emissions, trailing only the power and steel sectors. The associated consequences—ranging from air pollution and climate change to the depletion of natural resources—underscore the urgency for more sustainable practices within the construction industry [1]. Sustainable alternatives to traditional cement are therefore crucial to reducing the sector’s environmental footprint. In India, the environmental and infrastructural stakes are particularly high. Rapid urbanization and industrialization have led to increased solid waste generation, straining the country’s waste management systems. Among various waste streams, glass waste is a significant concern. It originates from diverse sources, including packaging, construction and demolition (C&D) debris, the automobile sector, and various consumer products. Due to inefficient collection systems, contamination with other waste materials, and limited demand for recycled glass products, a large fraction of waste glass in India ends up in landfills or is openly dumped—posing a long-term threat to land and water ecosystems, as well as public health [4].
© 2025, IRJET
|
Impact Factor value: 8.315
|
ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal
|
Page 59