International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 12 Issue: 06 | Jun 2025
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p-ISSN: 2395-0072
Using improved Dijkstra algorithm and Ant colony algorithm to optimize the deployment of sensor nodes in wireless sensor networks Weili Zheng1, Qinghua Zhou2 1QingXian No. 4 Middle School, Cangzhou, Hebei, China 2School of Applied Mathematics, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
---------------------------------------------------------------------------***---------------------------------------------------------------------Abstract: Aiming at the difficulty of deploying wireless sensor network nodes in complex environment, we introduce a hybrid algorithm. Actually, the improved Dijkstra algorithm is used for global path planning, and at the same time the improved ant colony algorithm is used for local path planning to realize node deployment. In order to reduce the running time for the algorithm to search nodes, the position information of starting point and destination nodes are used to guide the search direction and then the constructed map is segmented. Furthermore, obstacle environmental factors are introduced to jointly limit the transition probability of the next hop node. In terms of pheromone volatile factor, adaptive technology is used to update it. In terms of energy consumption, threshold mechanism is used to reduce energy consumption. The simulation results show that the improved hybrid algorithm can further reduce the network energy consumption, prolong the network life cycle and accelerate the optimization speed, which proves the effectiveness of the algorithm.
Key words：Ant colony algorithm；Threshold mechanism；Node deployment；Dijkstra algorithm；Path planning 1 Introduction Wireless Sensor Network(WSN)[1,2] is a wireless communication network composed of a large number of fixed or mobile sensor nodes in a self-organizing and multi-hop manner. In recent years, with the continuous development of wireless communication technology and flexible network settings, it has attracted much attention of many researchers in various application scenarios. For example, monitoring of the natural environment, disaster warning, etc. Due to the diversity of application scenarios, information transmission path planning and node deployment are very important tasks. These nodes cooperate with each other through low-power wireless communication methods to monitor designated areas, so that people can obtain a large amount of effective information in any environment.
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