International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) Volume: 11 Issue: 12 | Dec 2024
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e-ISSN: 2395-0056 p-ISSN: 2395-0072
The Replacing of Cement with Pozzolanic Materials and Checking its Strength without Superplasticizer Sudip Dhakal1, Nilam Giri2, Dharmendra Bohara3, Sujan Simkhada4, Suresh Khati5, Jeevan Shahi6, Yubaraj Kapri7, Umesh Raut8 1-7B.E. -scholar, Department of Civil Engineering, Acme Engineering College, Kathmandu, Nepal 8Lecturer, Department of Civil Engineering, Acme Engineering College, Kathmandu, Nepal
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ABSTRACT - The use of concrete in this Planet is
the concrete, providing structural integrity and strength. Fine aggregates, like sand, fill in the gaps between coarse aggregates, such as gravel or crushed stone, creating a dense and stable mixture. The proportion of water in the mix is crucial, as it affects both the workability and strength of the final product; too much water can weaken the concrete, while too little can make it difficult to mix and place. Concrete is known for its compressive strength, making it ideal for structures like buildings, bridges, roads, and dams. However, it has low tensile strength, which is why steel reinforcement is often added to concrete structures to handle tensile forces. Concrete's durability, versatility, and ability to be molded into various shapes make it one of the most essential materials in modern construction.
increasing day by day. The cement which is used in concrete consumes large amount of energy and is responsible for the emission of greenhouse gas. So it becomes necessary to find some alternatives i.e. ecofriendly with environment. Fly ash is a powder material of burned coal from thermal power stations which produces cementitious and pozzolanic material. Commonly use of fly ash in concrete for building construction contributes conducive environmental and also reduces the effect of pollutant in site project. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the use of fly ash as partial replacement of cement in concrete as a mean of producing more environmental friendly concrete. The content of fly ash as partial replacement of ordinary Portland cement(OPC) is investigated by weight accordingly in range 30%, 40% ,50% ,60% and 70% for grade 20. The mix proportion of concrete was determine using mix design method according to British Standard. The workability of the fresh concrete mixture was evaluated using slump test while compressive strength of cubes concrete was evaluated at 3, 7, 14, 28 days. A total of 12 cubes for each ratio of concrete with size 150mmx150mmx150mm were made. The optimum compressive strength at 28 days of testing was obtained at 30% replacement. With this percentage of replacement, prism of size 100mmx100x500mm was casted and tested under three-point loading system to study the strength characteristics. This test results indicate that workability decreased with an increased in replacement percentage of fly ash. So, fly ash as pozzolanic materials can be used to partially replace ordinary Portland cement in production of concrete.
1.1 CEMENT Cement is one of the special binding materials used in construction. It is a powder, usually made of calcium and silicon oxides, that hardens when it come in contact with water. Cement is produced by roasting limestone and clay at high temperature in a kiln to produce clinker. this clinker is ground into a fine powder and blended with small percentages of gypsum to form cement. Cement is the chief binding element that is used in concrete to bind the aggregates.
Keywords: Fly Ash, Portland cement, Compressive Strength.
1.INTRODUCTION
Fig -1: Cement
Concrete is a widely used construction material composed of a mixture of cement, water, aggregates (such as sand, gravel, or crushed stone), and sometimes admixtures. The cement acts as the binding agent, which, when mixed with water, undergoes a chemical reaction called hydration. This reaction causes the mixture to harden and form a strong, stone-like mass. Aggregates make up the bulk of
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1.2 FLY ASH Fly ash is a spherical, powdery byproduct created during the combustion of pulverized coal at thermal power plants. It primarily consists of silica, alumina and iron oxides and is gathered from the flue gases produced by coal-fired boilers prior to exiting into the environment. Fly
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