International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 11 Issue: 12 | Dec 2024
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
The Pani Pipe Method: A Case Study on Water Conservation in Rice Farming Hemadevi S1 and Raju Manda2 1 M.E in Irrigation water Management, Department of Civil Engineering, Anna University, Tamil Nadu, India
2M.Tech in Farm Machinery and Power, Department of Agricultural Engineering, Assam University, Silchar, Assam,
India ---------------------------------------------------------------------***---------------------------------------------------------------------
Abstract - This study examines the effects of the Pani Pipe
Although commonly adopted, the traditional flood irrigation techniques often cause waterlogging and nutrient leaching besides unproductive water use. Recent years have seen the adoption of other irrigation techniques in rice cultivation, including the Pani Pipe Method to enhance water management efficiency. According to this technique, PVC pipes with holes drilled along the length of the pipe are installed into the rice field.
Method, a water-saving irrigation technique, on rice cultivation in Periyakkurchi Village, Ariyalur District, Tamil Nadu, India. It was found that the usage of water was significantly lesser than that of traditional flood irrigation. The Pani Pipe Method needed 16 irrigations whereas flood irrigation required 22. This water-saving trend was accompanied by increases in productive tillers per square meter (292 for Pani Pipe vs. 268 for flood irrigation), panicle number per plant (15 vs. 13), and a reduced occurrence of bacterial leaf blight (11% vs. 28%). The findings suggest an optimistic direction for sustainable rice cultivation in the Periyakkurchi Village through optimizing the use of available water resources and enhancing the productivity of crops. There is a need for more research on these results within different agro-climatic zones and to understand how the Pani Pipe Method can economically and socially benefit local farmers in the region.
These pipes are moisture indicators for water, enabling farmers to gauge soil moisture and provide water only when necessary. This study investigates the Pani Pipe Method impact on rice cultivation in Periyakkurchi Village, which focuses on its potential for conserving water, increasing crop productivity, and decreasing the incidence of diseases like bacterial leaf blight (BLB). The research aims to provide valuable insights into the effectiveness of the Pani Pipe Method as a sustainable irrigation strategy for rice farmers in the region and contribute to the development of more water-efficient agricultural practices.
Key Words: Pani Pipe, Paddy, Yield, flood Irrigation, Irrigation water management.
1.Introduction
2.Methodology
Alternate Wetting and Drying (AWD) irrigation is a promising water-saving technique for rice cultivation, reducing water use and greenhouse gas emissions without compromising yields, but it requires validation across varied soils and climates for wider adoption. Avil kumaret al.,2019.
In July 2024, the Pani Pipe was provided at Periyakurich Pani Pipe method, an AWD method of Alternate Wetting and Drying, was applied in Periyakurich Village during the Samba season in July 2024 to optimize water usage in ADT44 variety of paddy grains.
The Pani Pipe method, a smart modification of the AWD system introduced by IRRI, helps poor and marginal farmers improve water use efficiency in rice cultivation by providing a simple, cost-effective way to decide when and how much to irrigate, thereby sustaining or enhancing yields. Prithwiraj et al., 2017.
Rice seeds were coated with Pseudomonas fluorescens at 10g/kg, and the field was applied with ZnSO4 at a rate of 10kg/acre through fertilizers. This method used 30 cm long plastic pipes with a 15 cm diameter, drilled with multiple holes. These pipes were buried vertically in the field near the bund to a depth of 15 cm, with half the pipe protruding above the ground. Twenty days after transplanting, the pipes were installed. Irrigation was triggered when the water level within the Pani Pipe dropped to 15 cm below the ground level. The field was kept under continuous flooding with water to the depth of 5 cm for one week before or after flowering while the Pani Pipe was kept under submerged condition.
Rice is one of the most staple food crops for a major portion of the world population, mainly in South Asia. But rice cultivation has always been associated with heavy water usage, which makes people think about water scarcity and sustainability in the environment. In regions like Periyakkurchi Village in Tamil Nadu, India, where water resources are scarce, optimizing irrigation practice is important for ensuring food security and reducing the impact on the environment.
© 2024, IRJET
|
Impact Factor value: 8.315
|
ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal
|
Page 832