International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 12 Issue: 03 | Mar 2025
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
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Tea Waste-Activated Carbon Utilized for Methylene Blue dye and iodine value Adsorption Shubhank Machhopuriya1*, Dr. J.K. Shrivastava2, Dr. Lokendra Singh Thakur3 1M.Tech. Scholar, Department of Chemical Engineering, Ujjain Engineering College, Ujjain 2,3 Professor, Department of Chemical Engineering, Ujjain Engineering College, Ujjain
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Abstract - The studyinvestigates the possibility of
aquatic ecosystems and humanhealth due to their toxic and carcinogenic properties (Aboua K. N. et al., 2015), (Abuelnoor N. et al.,2021).
utilizingwaste tea to generate biochar and activatedcarbon to remove methylenebluenumber (MBN) and iodine value (IV) from wastewater. As a by-product of tea production, tea waste was transformed into activated carbon, and then the effectiveness of the activated carbon in removing dye was examined through batch studies. As a result of its porousstructure and large surfacearea, the results indicated that teawaste-activated carbon has a high adsorption capacity for methylene blue. It was found that the contact time affected the adsorption process. Without oxygen, tea waste samples were treated at a range of temperatures (400, 500, 600, and activated carbon), and the resulting changes in adsorption characteristics were investigated later. Consequently, dye removal systems that take advantage of adsorption are designed to be cost-effective. During the experiment, biochar and activated charcoal were utilized for the purpose of adsorbing methyleneblue dye and determining the iodine value. The effluent and wastewater significantly reduced methylene blue dye and iodine value. Within the scope of our experimental inquiry, it was demonstrated that activated charcoal could remove significantly higher amounts of methylene blue dye and iodine value. There is a correlation between the duration of the response (60, 120, and 180 minutes) and the amount of methylene blue that is absorbed. After 180 minutes, a tea waste-activated sample was found to have achieved the highest possible percentage of methylene blue dye removal, which was 98.22%. The measurement of iodine reveals that the highest amount of adsorption that may be achieved using ACTW is 1275.68 mg/g.
Exploring sustainable and alternative sources of activated carbon, like agricultural waste products, for environmental remediation has gained attention in recent years. Tea waste, a by-product of tea production, is abundant and rich in organic constituents, making it a potential candidate for producing activated carbon with favorable adsorption properties (Shrestha, L. K. et al., (2019). Various industries, such as paper,food,plastics, and textiles, extensively use dyes, resulting in wastewater with distinctive characteristics. Organic substances in sewage, when discharged into natural water bodies, can be harmful to aquatic life, necessitating additional chemicalandbiological oxygen. Certain dyes can produce intense hues even at minimal concentrations. Techniques such as ozonation,oxidation, filtering, and coagulation with metalcompounds eliminate color from wastewater. However, these technologies often lead to high sludge production, harming the environment. Therefore, activated carbon adsorption is recognized as a promising technique for effectively removing color from wastewater with minimal waste generation (Gowtham, B. 2021), (Hussain, S., et al., 2018). The activated carbon, generated through hydrothermal carbonization and KOH activation, demonstrated a substantial surface area of 862.2 m²/g and efficiently eliminated methylene blue of 415.8 mg/g (Tran, T. H., et al., 2020). The specific surface area of the synthesized adsorbents varied from 89 to 345 m²/g, and the adsorption capabilities of the charcoal adsorbents for methyl red in an aqueous solution ranged from 26 to 135 mg/g (Paluch D. et al., 2023). Mesoporous PALB, with 816 m/g surface area and 1 nm radius, efficiently removes >98% MB dye from aqueous solution at 303 K, pH 8, 50 mg/L initial dye concentration, 0.2 g/L adsorption dose, and 30 min contact time. PALB has a high monolayer adsorption capacity (Qòmax) of 263.95 mg/g, outperforming other adsorbents for MB dye removal in aqueous solutions (Jabar, J. M. et al., 2022). The highestremoval of 246.5mg/g was attained at an initial RBBR concentration, achieving a rate of 95.33% (Gembo, R. O. et al., 2024). Mesoporous magnetic biochar (MBC) with a surface area of 94.2 m²/g, achieving a maximum adsorption capacity of 353.4 mg/g (Mortada, W. I., et al., (2024).
Key Words: Tea waste, Activated carbon, Methylene blue, Iodine value, Wastewater treatment, Adsorption capacity, Sustainable adsorbent
1.INTRODUCTION In recent decades, the increasing industrialization and globalization of manufacturing processes have led to a substantial rise in the production and utilization of synthetic dyes and pigments across various industries worldwide. While these dyes contribute significantly to product aesthetics and functionality, their improper disposal and release into natural water bodies have become a growing environmental concern. Many synthetic dyes are persistent organic pollutants, resistant to conventional wastewater treatment methods. They can cause adverse impacts on
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