International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 12 Issue: 06 | Jun 2025
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
Static Structural Analysis of Tata LPT 2518 Rishikesh Bhaybhang1, Indu Dhumal2, Kundan Jakhete3, Ashvini Lokare4, Vaishnavi Paygude5, S S Shirsat6 123454Student, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, India 6 Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, India
---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------Truck chassis are widely used across industries such as logistics, agriculture, manufacturing, and more. It is responsible for maintaining the structural integrity of the vehicle while transferring vertical and lateral loads—caused by motion and acceleration—through the wheels to the ground. The chassis must be capable of supporting all components and loads without failure. The body of the vehicle, which houses mechanical systems and passengers, is mounted on this structure.
Abstract - The chassis frame structure serves as a critical
support system for various mechanical components in any vehicle, making its analysis a key aspect for the automotive industry. In trucks, the chassis acts as the structural backbone, designed to safely withstand maximum loads under both static and dynamic conditions. It must endure stresses, deformations, fatigue failures, and potential welding cracks. This study focuses on analyzing the stresses and deformations experienced by the chassis frame through material optimization. A 3D model of the chassis was created using UGNX, and static structural analysis was performed in ANSYS MECHANICAL 2025 R1 for both the existing and optimized materials. The results of the analysis have been compiled and compared.
The chassis frame is typically composed of side members (or rails), which are the main load-bearing elements. These rails are designed with a narrower front section to allow for a reduced turning radius and a wider midsection for optimal support under the body. Truck and trailer frames often utilize straight side members to enhance structural strength and accommodate various body designs. Cross members connect the side rails, providing resistance against frame twisting and flexing. Their number and placement depend on the intended application and vehicle design. Front cross members support the radiator and engine front, while rear cross members support fuel tanks and towing components. Additional cross members may also support the rear engine and drivetrain. For heavy-duty applications, gusset plates are used to reinforce high-stress regions of the frame.
Key Words: chassis frame, UG-NX, ANSYS, Von- Mises stress, Total deformation.
1. INTRODUCTION The chassis is one of the most essential structural components of an automobile, serving as the foundational frame that supports the vehicle body and various mechanical systems such as the engine, drivetrain, axles, wheels, suspension, brakes, and steering mechanisms. It provides the necessary structural integrity to support these components along with the payload, ensuring the vehicle remains rigid and stable under diverse loading conditions. As a result, the chassis significantly contributes to the overall safety of the vehicle. Additionally, it helps in minimizing noise, vibration, and harshness (NVH) across the entire vehicle system.
In such constructions, the vehicle body primarily serves to hold cargo and absorb vibrations and shocks transmitted through the frame. In some severe use cases, the body structure might also bear some torsional stresses not entirely managed by the frame. To facilitate the design process, a 3D CAD model of the chassis was created using UG-NX (Siemens NX) software. This digital modelling approach enabled detailed visualization of the design in three dimensions, helping to minimize errors during fabrication. For structural evaluation, ANSYS software was used to carry out the analysis. The focus of this study is on the stress behaviour of the chassis, with particular emphasis on material optimization for the TATA 2518TC model. The analysis concentrated on key parameters such as Von Mises stress, maximum principal stress, and total deformation.
A well-designed chassis must be rigid enough to endure shocks, twists, vibrations, and various forms of mechanical stress. Alongside strength, achieving sufficient bending and torsional stiffness is critical to improving the vehicle’s handling characteristics. Therefore, strength and stiffness are two primary criteria in chassis design. Today’s automotive industry faces challenges such as meeting demands for enhanced performance, reduced weight, increased component life, and cost-effectiveness within tight development timelines. Given its importance, the truck chassis is frequently targeted for refinement and optimization.
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2. LITERATURE REVIEW Mr. Akash Singh Patel and Mr. Atul Shrivastava (2016) conducted a study titled “Modeling, Analysis & Optimization
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