International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 12 Issue: 12 | Dec 2025
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
Smart Solutions for Enhancing Road Safety by using Micro-Controller base Smart Helmet Faisal Hussain1, Prasenjit Mondal2, Rashidul Alom3, Rupam Halder4, Tapas Kumar Nandi5 1, 2, 3,4, Mechanical Engineering 4rd Year, Techno International New Town, Kolkata700156, India
5HOD Mechanical Engineering Department, Techno International New Town, Kolkata700156, India --------------------------------------------------------------------------***----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Abstract- This paper's goal is to offer a solution that will ensure road safety for both drivers and pillion drivers. The bike will
not start unless the rider is wearing a helmet in order to ensure that they do so. Additionally, the paper suggests that the driver wear a helmet and breathe cleanly. This system involves attaching the transmitter to the helmet and installing the appropriate receiver in the car. A helmet-mounted alcohol sensor is positioned near the driver's mouth to detect alcohol consumption, and a sensor verifies that the driver has correctly put on the helmet. Through a relay interface circuit, a microcontroller unit (MCU) regulates the ignition and the relay's operation. To increase road safety, this system ensures that the engine is turned off if the driver is not wearing a helmet or if the alcohol sensor picks up alcohol. Key Words: Accident, Drunken Driving, Smart Helmet, Micro-Controller.
1. INTRODUCTION Road accidents remain a significant global concern, with a substantial number of incidents attributed to factors such as drunk driving and non-compliance with safety regulations. India, in particular, grapples with a disturbingly high number of road accidents each year, a substantial proportion of which are caused by drivers operating under the influence of alcohol. Despite efforts by traffic authorities to enforce safety regulations, many individuals continue to disregard these rules, putting their lives and the lives of others at risk. In response to this pressing issue, we present an innovative solution: the "Smart Helmet." This intelligent system is designed to automatically verify whether a motorcyclist is wearing a helmet and if they are sober before allowing the vehicle's engine to start. By addressing these critical safety concerns, we aim to contribute to a reduction in road accidents, injuries, and fatalities caused by drunk driving and non- compliance with safety regulations. 1.1 The issues addressed or faced along with our solutions are as follows: • Drunk driving Epidemic: The prevalence of drunk driving on Indian roads is one of the main causes for concern. To detect alcohol use, the Smart Helmet has an alcohol sensor built in close to the driver's mouth. The engine is not allowed to start if alcohol is found, lowering the risk of accidents brought on by drunk driving. • Helmet Non-Compliance: Despite widespread use-required helmet laws, compliance is still difficult to achieve. To
address this problem, we built a sensor into the helmet that checks to see if the rider is wearing the helmet. The engine won't start if the helmet isn't worn, which encourages riders to put their safety first. Enforcement of Safety Regulations: Traditional enforcement strategies frequently fail to ensure that safety regulations are followed. The Smart Helmet eases the burden on law enforcement agencies by offering an automated and proactive method of enforcing safety regulations. •
• Technology Integration: To transmit data between the helmet and the bike in a seamless and secure manner, the
system uses radio frequency (RF) encoding and decoding. The ignition is controlled by an embedded microcontroller unit (MCU) via a relay, which gives the vehicle's startup procedure an extra layer of intelligence. • Enhancing Road Safety: In the end, the Smart Helmet contributes to an ecosystem that improves road safety by
preventing accidents caused by drunk driving and encouraging motorcycle riders to wear helmets. The likelihood of accidents brought on by negligence or human error is significantly decreased by the integration of technology and automation.
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