International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 12 Issue: 05 | May 2025
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
Smart Electromagnetic Breaking system A. Durga Mahesh1,Ch. Venkata Krishna2 A. Mohan Mallik3 , D. Praveen Sekhar4 , C. Yashwanth5 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seshadri Rao Gudlavalleru Engineering College ---------------------------------------------------------------------***---------------------------------------------------------------------
Abstract - The project titled “Smart Electromagnetic
and tear associated with mechanical brake pads and discs. This leads to longer system life, reduced maintenance, and quieter operation. Moreover, the system can be fine-tuned for fast response time, low power consumption, and precise braking control, making it highly efficient and suitable for a wide range of applications.
Braking System” is an innovative initiative focused on developing an intelligent, contactless braking solution that operates on the principles of electromagnetism. The primary objective of this system is to enhance braking performance while simultaneously reducing mechanical wear and maintenance requirements commonly associated with traditional friction-based braking systems.
The project not only demonstrates the feasibility of implementing electromagnetic braking in a compact and costeffective manner, but also opens avenues for future enhancements such as regenerative braking, AI-based obstacle detection, and integration with smart transportation networks. By combining real-time sensing, intelligent control, and noncontact actuation, the Smart Electromagnetic Braking System represents a step toward safer, smarter, and more sustainable mobility solutions.
At the core of the system is a waterproof ultrasonic sensor, strategically positioned to continuously monitor the distance between the system and any potential obstacle in its path. This sensor is capable of functioning reliably even in challenging environmental conditions, making the setup suitable for real- world applications such as autonomous vehicles or smart bicycles. The Arduino Uno, a highly versatile and programmable microcontroller based on the ATmega328P, acts as the control unit of the system. It receives real-time input from the ultrasonic sensor, processes the distance data, and executes pre-programmed logic to determine whether braking should be initiated. When the sensor detects an object within a critical safety threshold—specifically set at 1 meter—the Arduino generates a control signal to activate a relay module. The relay module, functioning as an electronically controlled switch, connects a 12V DC power supply to the electromagnets. These electromagnets are mounted close to the metallic disc attached to the rotating cycle wheel, maintaining a minimal air gap to ensure efficient magnetic interaction without physical contact. When energized, the electromagnets produce a strong magnetic field in their immediate vicinity.
Fig -1: Setup Diagram
As the metallic disc, usually made from a conductive material like aluminum or steel, rotates past the activated electromagnets, eddy currents are induced within the disc due to the changing magnetic field. In accordance with Lenz’s Law, these eddy currents create an opposing magnetic force that acts against the direction of rotation. This opposing force generates a braking effect that effectively slows down or completely stops the wheel, depending on the duration and strength of the electromagnetic field.
Key Words: Self-Acting Electromagnetic Brake Setup with Enhanced Sensor Integration and ArduinoBased Control
1. INTRODUCTION Braking systems play a crucial role in ensuring the safety and performance of vehicles and machinery. Traditional mechanical braking systems rely on friction between brake pads and rotating components, which leads to wear, heat generation, and frequent maintenance. In contrast, electromagnetic braking systems (EMBS) offer a contact less method of deceleration by utilizing the principles of
One of the major advantages of this braking mechanism is that it involves no physical contact, thereby eliminating the wear
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