International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 12 Issue: 09 | Sep 2025
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
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Shark Optimization Algorithm for Optimal Control of Shunt Active Power Filter in Power Quality Enhancement Devansh salaria1 , Dr. Geena sharma2 1,2Electrical Engineering 1,2Baddi university of Emerging Science and Technology , Baddi Himachal Pradesh ---------------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------------power quality issues, harmonics, reactive power Abstract
imbalance, and voltage instability have emerged as significant challenges that require immediate and effective solutions. In this context, Shunt Active Power Filters (SAPFs) have been widely adopted as a practical and efficient method for improving power quality. The SAPF is a power electronics-based solution that effectively mitigates harmonics and compensates for reactive power, thereby enhancing the overall performance of power systems. However, optimizing the performance of SAPFs requires advanced control and optimization techniques to ensure their efficiency, accuracy, and costeffectiveness[1][2].
Power quality issues such as voltage sags, swells, harmonic distortions, and reactive power imbalance have become increasingly critical in modern power systems due to the widespread integration of nonlinear loads, renewable energy sources, and distributed generation. Shunt Active Power Filters (SAPFs) have emerged as a reliable solution to mitigate these issues by dynamically compensating harmonics and balancing reactive power. However, the performance of SAPFs is highly dependent on the applied control and optimization strategies. This paper proposes the application of the Shark Optimization Algorithm (SOA) to enhance SAPF performance in terms of voltage regulation and harmonic mitigation. The SOA is inspired by the hunting and cruising behavior of sharks, which enables a balanced exploration and exploitation of the solution space. Comparative analysis with Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) demonstrates that SOA achieves superior results in regulating voltages under swell and sag conditions, reducing deviations significantly and maintaining values closer to the nominal 220V. For instance, SOA improved triple-phase sag compensation by 6V compared to PSO, showing its robustness and adaptability. These results validate SOA as a promising optimization technique for improving SAPF efficiency, offering reliable voltage stability, reduced harmonic distortion, and enhanced system resilience in modern electrical networks.
iciently mitigate current harmonics, correct power factor, and balance unbalanced loads[3][4]. The fundamental principle of SAPFs is based on injecting compensating currents, which are dynamically controlled using sophisticated algorithms to neutralize unwanted harmonics and balance reactive power in the system. The effectiveness of SAPFs is significantly dependent on the choice of control strategies and optimization techniques, which help in achieving the desired power quality improvements with minimal energy consumption and system losses. In traditional power systems, passive filters were commonly employed to mitigate harmonics. However, they suffer from major drawbacks such as fixed compensation capability, resonance problems, and large physical size. With the advent of power electronic-based solutions, SAPFs have emerged as a superior alternative, providing dynamic and adaptive compensation for power quality issues[5].
Keywords: power quality, SAPF, Shark Optimization Algorithm, voltage regulation, harmonics
I Introduction
SAPFs are primarily used in industrial settings, commercial buildings, renewable energy systems, and electric vehicle infrastructure, where the presence of nonlinear loads leads to substantial power quality degradation. The design and implementation of SAPFs involve various control strategies, such as instantaneous reactive power theory, synchronous reference frame theory, and direct power control, each offering unique
Power quality is a critical concern in modern electrical power systems due to the increasing penetration of nonlinear loads, renewable energy sources, and distributed generation. Poor power quality leads to several adverse effects, including increased losses, overheating of equipment, voltage fluctuations, harmonic distortions, and lower efficiency in electrical systems. Among the various
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