International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 12 Issue: 11 | Nov 2025
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
Security and Privacy in NEOM Smart City: A Systematic Review on Agents Based Systems and Location Based Systems Rayan Dalaki¹ 1. *College of Computing, Fahad Bin Sultan University, Saudi Arabia
*(Corresponding Author) ---------------------------------------------------------------------***-------------------------------------------------------------------- Example: Smart traffic lights adjust signals based Abstract – NEOM is considered one of the most promising on real-time vehicle flow data.
smart cities all over the world. Addressing security and privacy issues in such smart cites is critical as it leads to make future cities not only smarter but also more secure. Agent based system as well as location based systems form an integral part of smart cities. This work explores both the security and privacy issues in smart cities, where different approaches were reviewed in terms of protection against attacks and sensitive data protection. This work concludes that ensuring both security and privacy is essential for trust of users. Challenges and future trends are also presented to enable researchers to direct their works towards more secure and smart cities, which leads to more sustainability.
2. Cloud Computing as the Processing Hub:
3. Smart City as the Application Layer:
Key Words: NEOM, Security, Privacy, Agents, Big Data, Medical Systems.
1. INTRODUCTION
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Internet of Things (IoT) refers to a network of physical devices (sensors, actuators, cameras) embedded with connectivity features that enable them to collect, and process data over the internet. These devices facilitate real-time monitoring and automation in various applications [2].
NEOM is a futuristic, $500 billion mega-project in Saudi Arabia, designed to be a model smart city powered by cutting-edge technologies like IoT, AI, cloud computing, and renewable energy. It aims to be a zero-carbon, hyperconnected, and AI-driven urban ecosystem [4]. Key Smart City Features of NEOM 1. AI & IoT-Driven Infrastructure
1.1 Relationship Among Smart Cities, IoT, and Cloud Computing In the context of smart cities, IoT and cloud computing are interdependent technologies that enable intelligent urban management: 1. IoT as the Data Source: IoT devices (e.g., traffic sensors, smart meters, surveillance cameras) collect real-time data from the city environment.
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Impact Factor value: 8.315
Smart Energy Management (IoT sensors + cloud-based demand forecasting). Waste Management (IoT-enabled bins + cloud analytics for optimized collection routes). Public Safety (Surveillance cameras + cloud-based facial recognition).
1.2 NEOM (Modern Smart City in Saudi Arabia)
Cloud computing is the delivery of computing services (storage, processing, networking, analytics, etc.) over the internet ("the cloud"). It provides scalable, on-demand resources without requiring direct physical infrastructure management [3]
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The integration of IoT + Cloud enables smart city solutions like: o
A smart city is an urban area that leverages digital technologies, data analytics, and interconnected systems to enhance infrastructure, improve public services, and optimize resource management. The goal is to increase efficiency, sustainability, and quality of life for citizens [1].
The massive volume of data generated by IoT devices is stored, processed, and analysed in the cloud. Cloud platforms provide scalability, AI/ML analytics, and centralized management for smart city applications. Example: Cloud-based AI analyzes traffic patterns to optimize city-wide transportation routes.
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Smart Sensors & Automation: IoT-enabled devices monitor energy use, traffic, air quality, and waste management in real time. Example: Autonomous drones for logistics and AIpowered surveillance for security.
Smart Mobility: Autonomous vehicles (EVs, flying taxis) connected via 5G/6G and IoT networks. Predictive traffic management using AI + cloud analytics.
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