International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 12 Issue: 12 | Dec 2025
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
NON-INVASIVE BLOOD GLUCOSE MONITORING DEVICE Dr. Manjula E1, Rohini A Tirakannavar2, Shilpa B Sali 3, Shilpa M Itnal4, Zoya Roshan Desai5 1
Doctor, SG Balekundri Institute of Technology, Belagavi, Karnataka, India Student, SG Balekundri Institute of Technology, Belagavi, Karnataka, India ------------------------------------------------------------------------***---------------------------------------------------------------------------------2,3,4,5
Abstract- Noninvasive glucose sensing has emerged as a key research area, mainly due to the worldwide rise of diabetes, and the drawbacks of the traditional invasive glucose measurement methods. Although finger pricks are accurate, they are painful, inconvenient, and not suitable for continuous monitoring. This paper details the conceptualization, creation, and testing of blood Glucose level without plucking of the blood and creation of a inexpensive, non-invasive glucose measurement system based on Near Infrared (NIR) spectroscopy. The system incorporates an NIR LED source, a photodiode sensor, an Adriano-based processing unit, and a Wi-Fi module for wireless data transmission. The prototype decodes the signals of the reflected NIR light from human skin to find the glucose concentration. Experimental findings show that the behavior is quite promising and therefore, suitable for the very first stage of research and implementation in the academic field. This research is a step forward in portable health monitoring and can serve as a model for the community, in terms of system architecture, the calibration process, and performance evaluation, all of which are easily reproducible. Keywords- Non-Invasive monitoring, NIR spectroscopy, IOT healthcare, Adriano, Glucose estimation, biomedical electronics.
1.
Introduction
Diabetes mellitus is on its way to becoming the main health problem that is rapidly expanding all over the globe. The (WHO-WORLD H E A L T H O R G A N I Z A T I O N ) h a s been reporting that the number of individual diagnosed with diabetes worldwide has exceeded 422 million and the trend is going to be even steeper in a pretty short time in the future. To be able to manage the disease well and avoid long-term complications it is necessary to constantly monitor blood glucose levels. Unfortunately, the currently prevalent invasive methods entail noxious skin puncture by means of lancets, hence the caused pain, risk for infection, and test frequency lowering due to user discouragement. Non-Invasive monitoring solutions have been discussed when talking about state-of-the-art sensing technologies. In particular, Near-Infrared (NIR) spectroscopy is the dominant promising one since it ia well suited to go through the tissue and bond with glucose Molecules. Glucose has significant absorption peaks in the NIR wavelength band (700-2500 nm). This invention is intended to come up with a pocket-size, easy-to-operate, and low-price non-Invasive glucose monitoring prototype. The system incorporates an NIR LED source, a photodiode, and an ESP8266 Wi-Fi module for wireless communication. The goal is to present a proof-of- concept prototype that can perform glucose level estimation from a nonblood source.
1.1 LITERATURE SURVEY Multiple Research studies have been widely explored on the non-invasive glucose monitoring by different principles. These principles include optical, thermal, ultrasonic, and electromagnetic sensing. A. Optical Glucose SensingNear-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy has been one of the most intensively studied methods in this area. The researchers like Ikeda et al. demonstrated that glucose molecules absorb specific NIR wavelengths, thus allowing concentrations to be estimated by. B. Challenges in Previous Studies•
Previous research studies have identified multiple • Signal noise due to skin thickness variation • Ambient light Interference • Non-linear optical absorption patterns
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