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International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)

e-ISSN: 2395-0056

Volume: 12 Issue: 12 | Dec 2025

p-ISSN: 2395-0072

www.irjet.net

Review Paper on Analysis of Isolated Lead Rubber Bearing Mr. Kaushik Waghmare1, Dr. A. P. Patil2 1Post Graduate Student, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Datta Meghe College of Engineering, Airoli, Navi-Mumbai

400708, Maharashtra, India.

2 Assistant Professor, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Datta Meghe College of Engineering, Airoli, Navi-Mumbai

400708, Maharashtra, India. ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------are most effective. To achieve this, an 8-storey steel and RCC Abstract –Earthquakes are among the most destructive building with a fixed base is compared to an identical structure equipped with base isolation. Their seismic responses are analyzed to understand the improvements offered by isolation systems.

natural hazards, primarily triggered by the movement of tectonic plates within the Earth’s crust. Such seismic events can cause severe structural damage and significant loss of life. Base isolation is an advanced seismic protection technique designed to decouple a structure from ground motion, thereby absorbing and dissipating earthquake forces. This system effectively reduces floor accelerations and inter-storey drifts, enhancing structural safety and improving post-earthquake operability.

The research highlights how buildings of varying heights and flexibility behave under different seismic zones when base isolation is applied. The findings can help building owners and industry professionals better understand the advantages of adopting base isolation in a broader range of projects, promoting wider use of this technology.

The present review synthesizes relevant literature and theoretical developments on seismic isolation technologies. The main objective of this paper is to evaluate and present the effectiveness of various isolator systems used to mitigate earthquake-induced impacts.

2. LITERATURE REVIEW To distinguish between the responses of the fixed base and the isolated base structure and to know the effectiveness of isolators, review of some papers is given:

Key Words: Seismic isolation, Base isolation system, Earthquake engineering, Tectonic plates, Structural safety, Seismic mitigation, Inter-storey drift, Floor acceleration, Isolator effectiveness, Structural dynamics etc.

Stefno Sorace, Gloria Terenzi (2014) In this paper, Stefano and Gloria discuss the design and analysis of a base-isolated building located in Italy. The building consists of 26 residential flats. Both the RCC structure and the base isolation system were designed by practicing engineers. Double Friction Pendulum (DFP) sliders were used as the isolation devices. Based on the structural analysis and construction details, the study concludes that the building achieves very high performance levels. It was also observed that the overall construction cost is significantly lower compared to a conventional fixed-base design. In addition, the reinforcement detailing was simplified, making the structure more efficient and economical.

1. INTRODUCTION In recent years, the rise of tall and slender high-rise buildings has made them increasingly vulnerable to lateral forces such as wind and earthquakes, requiring modern structural designs to focus on both strength and stability under these loads. Seismic design now emphasizes understanding inelastic structural behavior to ensure life safety and controlled energy dissipation during earthquakes. Among various seismic protection methods, base isolation has proven highly effective in minimizing earthquake damage. Originating in the early 20th century and widely adopted since the 1980s in countries like Japan, the USA, and New Zealand, base isolation has also been implemented in India— first after the 1993 Killari earthquake and notably in the Bhuj Civil Hospital following the 2001 Bhuj earthquake. Seismic base isolation is the most popular response-control structure technique, a device having some damping properties and sufficient bearing strength is used in the structure.

Tejas Jitendra Chordiya and Vaishnavi Yogesh Totla (2018) The primary purpose of base isolation is to minimize structural damage during strong ground motions by increasing the fundamental time period of the structure and providing adequate damping. In this project, a low-rise building is analyzed using ETABS software. The study also includes an overview of earthquake engineering principles and base isolation techniques, which helps in improving understanding in this field. Both fixed-base and base-isolated models were analyzed using the response spectrum method, with lead rubber bearings (LRB) provided as the isolation system. The results show that the use of LRB significantly

1.1 General Description of Base Isolation Systems This study aims to evaluate how base isolators improve structural performance during earthquakes and to identify the types of structures for which lead rubber bearings (LRBs)

Impact Factor value: 8.315

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