International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 13 Issue: 01 | Jan 2026
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
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Performance Evaluation of Fuzzy Logic–Controlled High-Gain DC–DC Converters for Solar PV Applications: A Review Study Vivek Chandra Joshi Department of Electrical Engineering Regional College for Education Research & Technology, Jaipur ----------------------------------------------------------------------***---------------------------------------------------------------------
Abstract - The increasing deployment of solar photovoltaic
losses, significant stress on semiconductors, and efficiency degradation [4], [5]. For instance, the efficiency of a classical boost converter drops significantly when operated at duty cycles above 0.7 due to parasitic resistance and switching stress [6].
(PV) systems has intensified the need for efficient DC–DC converters capable of boosting the inherently low and variable output voltage of PV modules. Conventional step-up converters often face challenges such as limited voltage gain, increased component stress, and reduced efficiency when operated under high-gain conditions. To address these issues, a wide range of high-gain DC–DC converter topologies and intelligent control techniques have been explored in recent years.
To overcome these drawbacks, researchers have developed high-gain converter topologies such as Switched Capacitor (SCC), Luo, Coupled Inductor, and Cascaded Boost structures. These converters achieve higher voltage gains without extreme duty cycles, making them more suitable for PV integration [7]. Nevertheless, the control strategy employed plays a critical role in determining their real-time performance. Conventional Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controllers, although widely used, often fail under fluctuating solar conditions due to their dependency on accurate mathematical models [8].
This review paper presents a comprehensive performance analysis of high-gain DC–DC converters used in solar PV applications, with particular emphasis on fuzzy logic control– based strategies. Various converter structures, including boost-derived, switched-capacitor, Luo, coupled-inductor, and cascaded configurations, are examined and compared based on voltage gain, efficiency, dynamic response, and suitability for maximum power point tracking. The role of fuzzy logic control in enhancing system robustness under varying irradiance and load conditions is also discussed. Key challenges, limitations, and future research directions are identified to support the development of reliable and efficient PV power conversion systems.
In contrast, Fuzzy Logic Control (FLC) has received considerable research attention as a robust alternative. Unlike PID, FLC does not require an exact mathematical system model and can effectively handle nonlinearities, parameter variations, and uncertainties [9]. Several studies have demonstrated that FLC-based converters achieve faster Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT), lower oscillations, and higher efficiency under partial shading or rapidly changing irradiance compared to conventional controllers [10], [11]. Moreover, FLC can be easily extended to hybrid schemes such as FLC-ANN (Artificial Neural Network) and FLC-PSO (Particle Swarm Optimization) for further performance enhancement [12].
Key Words: High-gain converters, Solar PV, Fuzzy logic control, DC-DC converter, MPPT, Renewable energy.
1. INTRODUCTION The rapid depletion of fossil fuels and increasing concerns over global climate change have accelerated the adoption of renewable energy resources worldwide. Among all renewable options, solar photovoltaic (PV) energy has gained significant importance due to its abundance, modularity, and environmentally friendly nature [1]. Reports from the International Energy Agency (IEA) indicate that global solar PV capacity exceeded 1.5 TW by 2023, and it is projected to account for nearly 22% of global electricity generation by 2050 [2]. Despite this tremendous growth, PV systems face technical challenges, primarily because of their low output voltage, nonlinear characteristics, and dependency on environmental conditions such as irradiance and temperature [3].
In this context, the present work provides a comprehensive review of high-gain DC–DC converters integrated with FLC techniques for solar PV systems. The main contributions of this paper are summarized as follows: 1. A detailed comparison of high-gain converter topologies (Boost, SCC, Luo, Coupled Inductor, Cascaded Boost) with their respective merits and limitations in PV applications. 2. An in-depth analysis of Fuzzy Logic Control structures, membership functions, and rule bases specifically designed for MPPT and voltage regulation. 3. A performance benchmarking of converters integrated with FLC, covering parameters such as voltage gain, efficiency, transient response, and power quality.
Conventional converters like Boost, SEPIC, and Cuk are widely used due to their simplicity, but their performance degrades when very high voltage gain is required. At large duty cycles they encounter greater conduction and switching
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