International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 12 Issue: 11 | Nov 2025
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
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PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF VARIOUS INVERTERS FOR SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC ARRAY PAVAN KUMAR S1, SRI C R SHARADA PRASAD 2 1M. Tech student, Power System Engineering, Dept. of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, University BDT
College of Engineering, Davangere, Karnataka, India.
2 Associate Professor, Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, University BDT College of Engineering,
Davangere, Karnataka, India. ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------contributes to greenhouse gas emissions. In addition, as the Abstract - For Solar PV systems to achieve high-quality,
population grows, fossil fuels and all other non-renewable resources used to produce electricity are running out and offering potential alternatives to these issues since they are thought to be long-lasting and pure sources. In order to solve these issues, renewable resources—such as solar photovoltaic, wind, tidal, wave, and biomass—are currently being used as alternative methods of producing electricity. Due to its low maintenance needs, low noise level, and lack of pollutants, solar photovoltaic energy has become one of the main renewable energy sources in recent decades. Together, solar PV panels and power converters efficiently supply electricity. A photovoltaic system is thus produced. There are numerous configurations for PV systems. Among these, stand-alone and grid-connected are the two most important system configurations. Renewable energy sources have accounted for 15–20% of global energy consumption in the 1ast ten years. The energy generated by photovoltaic (PV) arrays is one of the many renewable energy sources and is growing in importance every day. Solar energy is widely used because it is inexpensive, readily available, and abundant. One of the numerous renewable energy sources is the energy produced by photovoltaic (PV) arrays, is becoming increasingly significant every Day. Due to its abundance, ease of availability, and low cost, solar energy is very popular. worldwide. PV arrays generate DC electricity directly, with no emissions or negative effects on the environment. DC/DC converters or inverters can then convert DC electricity to AC energy or raise the DC level of energy using a DC/DC converter. During the day, solar energy can be used to generate electricity. It is perfect for energy at intermediate and high temperatures. use. However, erratic and abrupt variations in the weather or the temperature at which cells operate can have an impact on solar energy. PV systems typically have a few components, such as a PV array, energy storage devices, and either DC or AC power. load and converter. For nine months of the year, experiences roughly ten hours of sunshine on average. Therefore, the fact that the PV array generates electricity is advantageous. However, this electricity needs to be modified for computing devices and electronics such as personal computers, lighting and heating controls, and uninterruptible power supply, among others. Consequently, a low-cost, high-efficiency DC/DC converter with voltage
efficient energy conversion, multilevel inverter integration has become more crucial. The main goal of this project is to model and simulate the operation of a solar PV array. Multilevel inverters attract a lot of attention due to their easy control and flexible design when connected in a solar PV array. These inverters operate exceptionally well since they generate an output voltage that closely a sine wave. A MATLAB Simulink model is simulated for a sine wave,3-level, and 5-level inverter, and the corresponding output is analyzed. FFT Analysis is also done to examine the total harmonic distortion (THD) in all three cases.
Key Words: Solar PV Array, Multilevel Inverter, THD, FFT Analysis, Boost Converter, MATLAB Simulink.
1. INTRODUCTION Life on Earth is supported by solar energy, it is also an endless and sustainable supply of electricity. Many studies have been carried out to investigate different design elements and performance traits of photovoltaic (PV) cells over the last 50 years. Creating fully integrated PV modules that are capable of effectively competing with conventional energy sources have been the ultimate goal. Because solar energy is expected to play a crucial role in future smart grids as a distributed renewable energy source, there is an increasing trend towards using solar cells in both industrial and residential applications. A grid- connected solar photovoltaic system uses a DC/AC inverter and a DC-DC boost converter to provide electricity to the utility grid. The PV cell model that is used in this system is simple and The PV cell model used in this system is simple and accurate since it takes solar radiation and ambient temperature into account. Recently, interest in adopting renewable energy has surged due to sustainable energy alternatives. sources. Solar power production, in particular, stands out due to its wide availability and eco-friendly features. This energy source helps reduce reliance on fossil fuels and lowers carbon emissions. As a result, more people are using solar energy in their homes. The objective is to create a detailed model and simulation framework for a solar power production system connected to the electrical grid. Fossil fuels, primarily coal, supply most of the world's energy. Yet, the traditional method of generating electricity poses challenges, as it
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