International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) Volume: 12 Issue: 05 | May 2025
www.irjet.net
e-ISSN: 2395-0056 p-ISSN: 2395-0072
Mechanical and Wear Characterization of Aluminium Alloy Metal Matrix Composite Wasil Abbas1, Rahul Shukla2 1M.Tech. (ME) Scholar, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Goel Institute of Technology and Management
Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
2Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Goel Institute of Technology and Management
Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------1.1. ALUMINUM BASED HYBRID MMCS Abstract- This research focuses on developing lightweight, high-strength aluminum (Al) 7050-based hybrid composites reinforced with TiO₂ and hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) using stir casting. The study investigates the effects of different weight fractions and particle sizes (20 and 40 µm) of the reinforcements on the composites’ microstructure, mechanical properties, and wear behavior. Nine samples were analyzed using XRD, SEM, and EDS, confirming uniform dispersion and the presence of only Al, TiO₂, and h-BN phases. Results showed significant improvements in hardness, tensile strength, and wear resistance—especially in composites with smaller reinforcement sizes, which achieved the highest mechanical performance. Sample C9 (5% TiO₂, 6% h-BN, 40 µm) demonstrated the best wear resistance and lowest coefficient of friction, while smaller particle composites yielded higher strength and toughness. Taguchi optimization confirmed these findings, highlighting the potential of Al7050/TiO₂/hBN composites for aerospace, automotive, and marine applications due to their enhanced strength-to-weight ratio and durability.
Hybrid MMCs are a class of composite materials in which two or more than two reinforcing materials are incorporated into the matrix. Aluminum-based hybrid metal matrix composites (MMC) combine the benefits of multi reinforcing phases into the same aluminum matrix to enhance the bulk properties. Compared with single phase composites, hybrid composites offer several benefits due to the contribution form the diversified reinforcing phases. Mechanical Properties are the first group of properties significantly influenced by the presence of multi-phases in the matrix. Hybrid composites exhibit increased strength, stiffness, toughness at the optimized combination of the dispersed phases. By selectively producing the hybrid composites with the combination of specific reinforcements, tailored properties such as hardness, wear resistance and thermal properties can be achieved in the hybrid composites. Hybrid composites also offer the advantage of weight reduction. Without losing the strength of the structure, light weight components can be produced by using hybrid composites particularly for automotive, aerospace, marine and military applications. On the other hand, thermal stability of the hybrid composites can be increased by selecting appropriate reinforcements. The durability and reliability of hybrid composites are higher compared with the single- phase reinforced composites. Decreased cost and wide versatility are the other benefits of the hybrid composites. Even though the complexity in manufacturing hybrid composites is slightly higher compared with the single phase dispersed composites, theacquired benefits are dominated.
Key Words: Pulse Autogenous Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG), mechanical properties, tensile strength, hardness, and fatigue resistance etc
1. INTRODUCTION Composite is a combination of two chemically dislike materials that are varied by an interface. Composites are the materials that have properties combination of metal, polymers, and ceramics. More than one material is combined to form a composite that has better properties of both materials like stiffness, toughness etc. Wood and bone areexamples of natural composite materials. Most of composite materials have two phases. They are matrix and dispersed phases. Matrix material is a continuous phase in the composite material that surrounds the dispersed fiber phase [1]. Usually, the bulk properties of composite materials totally depend on the material properties of individual phases constituted with. Furthermore, the performance of the composites also depends on the constituting phases and their concentration, size, shape, distribution, orientation[2].
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In the present thesis work, Al7050 alloy has been selected as the matrix material and two different reinforcing phases (TiO2 and hBN) were selected to develop the hybrid composites by stir casting route. Different weight fractions of the reinforcement with two different sizes were selected and the composites were fabricated. The role of the combination of the reinforcing phases and the size difference within the micrometer level on the mechanical and wear performance of the produced composites have been investigated.
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