International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 12 Issue: 03 | Mar 2025
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
Manufacturing of an Ultraviolet (UV) Sterilization Device for Disinfecting Medical Instruments and Surfaces Duaa J. Dheaa1, Abdullah A.Khader2 , Mohammed M. Hamied3 1,2,3 Department of medical Physics , College of Sciences, Al-Mustaqbal University , 51001, Babylon, Iraq
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Abstract - Ultraviolet (UV) sterilization is an effective
chemicals, and leaves no residue, making it safe for people and the environment [6].
disinfection method widely used in healthcare, water treatment, and air purification systems. This study explores the mechanisms of UV sterilization, particularly the role of ultraviolet-C (UVC) radiation in disrupting microbial DNA and RNA, preventing the replication of bacteria, viruses, and fungi. The research highlights the historical evolution of UV sterilization, its applications in modern industries, and its increasing relevance in infection control, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic. This research aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of UV sterilization technology, its benefits, limitations, and future prospects in enhancing public health and industrial hygiene. Findings suggest that while UV sterilization is a powerful disinfection tool, further innovations are required to optimize its efficiency, safety, and accessibility in diverse settings.
1.1.
Ultraviolet light environmental
in
our
healthcare
Ultraviolet sterilization is an one of essential tool in healthcare for maintaining cleanliness and preventing the spread of infections. • Hospitals; use UV light to sterilize surgical instruments, patient rooms, and high-touch surfaces like door handles and bed rails. In operating rooms, UV robots are deployed to ensure thorough disinfection, especially in hard-to-reach areas, fig. 1. This method is particularly effective in combating antibiotic-resistant bacteria such as Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), which are difficult to eliminate using traditional cleaning methods [7].
Key Words: Ultraviolet Radiation, Sterilization, healthcare
1.INTRODUCTION Ultraviolet (UV) sterilization is a disinfection method that uses short-wavelength ultraviolet light (UVC) to destroy the DNA or RNA of microorganisms. When exposed to this UV light, bacteria, viruses, and fungi disrupted and this made as unable to replicate or infect, effectively neutralizing them [1]. This method is highly valued for its efficiency, as it doesn’t involve harmful chemicals and leaves no residue. UV sterilization is eco-friendly and widely adopted for applications requiring high levels of hygiene, such as hospitals, food processing, and water treatment [2]. The use of UV light for sterilization started in the early 1900s when scientists discovered that it could kill germs like bacteria and viruses [3]. In 1903, a scientist named Niels Finsen showed that UV light could treat certain skin diseases, winning a Nobel Prize for his work. Soon after, people began using UV light to clean water [4]. In 1910, a city in France used UV light to disinfect its water supply, making it safe to drink. This was one of the first big uses of UV sterilization [5]. Also, UV sterilization can be found in everyday life, i.e. many people use small UV devices to clean things like toothbrushes and mobile phones. Factories use UV light to sterilize medical tools and pharmaceutical products. It’s also used in heating and cooling systems to keep air clean. UV sterilization is popular because it is fast, doesn’t use harmful
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Fig -1: Ultraviolet sterilization by robots in deferent department in hospital [8].
1.1.1.
Factors affecting efficiency
The effectiveness of UV sterilization depends on several factors that determine how well the UV light reaches and neutralizes microorganisms, including; • Distance: one of the most critical factors which deepened who person was near to source [9]. • Intensity: the UV light decreases significantly as the distance from the light source increases. For effective
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