International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 09 Issue: 09 | Sep 2022
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
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Case Study on Highway Geometry for Two Lane Highway Amit S. Chame 1, Dr. M.R. Vyawahare 2, Prof. A.R. Bijwe 3 Student, Dr. Rajendra Gode Institute of Technology & Research, Amravati, Maharashtra, India. Prof., Dept. of civil Engineering, Dr. Rajendra Gode Institute of Technology & Research, Amravati, Maharashtra, India. ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------1
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Abstract - In India, due to rapid growth in vehicular traffic,
Camber: Cross slope can be defined as the slope of a roadway perpendicular to the centre line. If a road were completely level, water would drain off it. Three types of camber are straight camber, parabolic camber and mixed camber.
Geometric design elements consist of carriageway, median, horizontal and vertical curves, lane width, shoulder width, superelevation, curve radius, sight distance, etc. Based on previous studies had shown that sharp curve or short sigh distance results in higher accident problem, therefore these issues should be accounted in design and developing stage. It is important to plan and design the geometric elements at initial stage taking into consideration of future growth and also the cost otherwise it will be becoming more expensive or very difficult to construct as surrounding area gets developed. The research would help to identify design issues in geometric design and to find out accidental prone areas where most accidents likely to happen.
Superelevation: The outer edge of the road with respect of the inner edge of road is raised, this is called superelevation. It is very important to provide at horizontal curve to smooth passage of vehicle.
it is very important to construct safe highways. While constructing highways, geometric design is very important in highway design, it can be greatly used to reduce road accidents significantly.
Horizontal Curve: A horizontal highway curve is a plan to provide a change in direction in the centre line along the highway. Horizontal alignment includes the design of horizontal curves, super elevation, transition lengths, speed, extra widening. Simple curve, compound curve, reverse curve and spiral curve these are the types of horizontal curve. Vertical curve: Vertical curve are provided to change the slope in the road. Sag/valley curve and summit curve are the types of vertical curve.
Key Words: Carriageway, median width, Pavement width, Horizontal Curve, Vertical Curve, Intersection.
Sight Distance: Sight distance length of road is length visible ahead the driver at any instance. Stopping sight distance (SSD), Overtaking sight distance (OSD) and Intermediate sight distance (ISD) are the types of sight distance.
1. INTRODUCTION While designing any highway, it is important to study the geometric design elements and one must have guidelines, standards and specification to developed the highway with maximum safety. The geometric design of a highway deals with visible features of road consists of cross section of roads, median width, intersection, horizontal & vertical curve, sight distance etc. Below is the brief definition of some geometric elements.
2.OBJECTIVE
Cross Section: The cross section of highway shows the vehicle, bicycle lanes, sidewalks/footpaths along with their cross slope. Generally, cross sections show features or roadside facility and type of road with layers. Shoulder: It is the part of formation width except carriage ways. They are used by the vehicular traffic as the emergency lanes or sometimes as service lanes.
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Impact Factor value: 7.529
The main objective of the study is to examined the existing geometry of highway.
To identify the safety issue in highway design and accidental prone area of highway
To provide the simple geometric design to meet all expectation of road users like pedestrian, bicycle, motorist etc at reasonable cost.
3. LITERATURE REVIEW In past periods many studies have been done on geometric design elements of road to improve road safety and optimum efficiency of use. The study will help to minimize the errors occurring roadway design which is helpful for the system to avoid future cost and difficulties with improved traffic operation.
Median: Median separates the opposite traffic and provides safety features as well as reduces headlight glare, improve comfort for night driving. Two types of medians provided on highways as per requirement i.e., raised and depressed median.
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