Experimental Evaluation of Clayey Soil Stabilized with Bagasse Ash and Randomly Distributed Core Fib

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056

Volume: 09 Issue: 08 | Aug 2022 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

Experimental Evaluation of Clayey Soil Stabilized with Bagasse Ash and

Randomly Distributed Core Fibres

Anoop Sharma1 , Harvinder Singh2

1Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Sri Sai college of engineering Badhani 2PG Student Department of Civil Engineering Sri Sai college of engineering Badhani

Abstract –

Soil is very basic and important element in civil engineering field. Usually, each structure depends on the type and characteristicsoffoundationwhichdependsontypeofsoil.Basically,theblackcottonsoilisratheradifficultonetousein foundation because of its shrinkage and swelling properties. There are many methods to make black cotton soil stable for variousconstructions.Blackcottonsoiliscomfortableforroadwork,comparedtoothertypesofsoil.Today,theamountof wasteshasincreasedyearbyyearandthedisposalbecomesaworldfacesaseriousproblemindisposingthelargequantity of agricultural waste like Sugarcane Bagasse Ash, rice husk ash and coconut shell etc. This paper presents the effects of SugarcaneBagasseAshandCoreFibreon,liquidlimit,plasticlimit,compactioncharacteristicsandCaliforniaBearingRatio on the black cotton soil. Inthisresearch,CoirFibreandBagasseAshwereemployedinstabilizingCF,BAwasfixedat20%inCFrespectivelyusing index properties tests and then Coir Fibre was varied (2, 2.5, 3.0 and 3.5%). Design and construction of civil engineering structures on and with expansive soils is a challenging task for engineers. The present work is aimed to assess the improvementinthestrengthandstabilitycharacteristicsinsoft Subgrade soilbyusingtheSugarcaneBagasse Ashforthe stabilization and then Core fibre as reinforcing material. Randomly distributed fibre reinforced soil (RDFRS) technique is usedtopreparethereinforcedsoilsamples.

Keywords: Black cotton soil, coir fibre, Bagasse ash, Sieve Analysis, Specific gravity, Compaction test, Liquid limit device, CBR test, UCS test.

I. INTRODUCTION

Soilstabilizationistheprocessadoptedforimprovementoftheengineeringpropertiesofthesoilandthenmakingit in more stable. It is required when the soil available atsite location during the site location during the construction is not suitablefortheintendedpurpose.

For growth of the country along with the technological advancements, development in infrastructure field is also requiredandwiththerapidrateofurbangrowthinourcountryitisbecomingdifficulttofindtheproperqualityofsoilfor engineering applications. Hence, it has become a challenge for a geotechnical engineer to come up with some new ideas which would allow us to work on the even poor quality of soil without any risk of Failure of the structure. With a diversification of many types of soil in our country a major category of soil which is of many problems to engineers is expansive soil which creates a lot ofproblems tostructureformed onthem. Thisstudyfocuses onthe expansivesoils and how various geotechnical parameters can be enhanced by the use of coir fiber and Bagasse Ash. The major goal of soil stabilizationisto enhancethestrengthpropertiesand reducethesettlement.Soilstabilizationisan efficient andunfailing technique for enhancing soil strength and firmness. The material which is use to mix with soil for the soil stabilization is knownasthesoilstabilizer.ItisillustriousthatthemechanismofsoilstabilizationbycoirfiberandBagasseAshisaworthy method of ground improvement, which leads to increase in UCS, CBR value of clay soil, hence it increases the stability of structures,i.e.subgradeandfoundation

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056

Volume: 09 Issue: 08 | Aug 2022 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

II. MATERIALS

A. Soil:

SampleofsoilusedinthemixwascollectedfromthefieldsofRSPURA(JAMMUDISTRICT),J&K.Itwillbecombinedwithsoil andfibreindifferentproportionsforfurtheranalysis.

Thesoilcollectedfromthesitewaspulverizedtobreakthelumpswithwoodenhammerandthendriedinairundercovered area.Thenitwassievedthrough2.35mmISsieveandmixedthoroughly.Foreachtestrequiredquantityofsoilwastaken frompolythenebagsanddriedinanovenat105˚C±5˚Cfor24hours.Thesoilwasallowedtocoolatroomtemperature.

S No. Soil properties Values

1 Specific Gravity 2.86% 2 Liquid Limit 39% 3 Plastic Limit 23.5% 4 Plastic Index 15.5% 5 Optimum Moisture 13.9% 6 Maximum dry density (kn/m3) 18.61 7 CBR 3.3% 8 UCS kN/M2 86.57 9 Indian soil classification CI

Table1Basicpropertiesofthenaturaluntreatedsoilusedinexperimentworkarepresented.

B.Sugar Cane Bagasse Ash:

Sugar cane bagasse ash (SCBA) is an abundant byproduct of the sugar and ethanol industry. SCBA is generally used as a fertilizer orisdisposedofinlandfills,whichhasledto intensified environmental concerns.Inrecentyears,SCBAresearch has mainly been focused on utilization in construction materials due to the abundance and pozzolanic characteristics of SCBA.Inthispaper,acomprehensivereviewofthestate-of-the-artmorphology,physicalproperties,chemicalcomposition, and mineralogical composition of SCBA is presented. Studies indicate that SCBA is a potentially promising construction material.

C.Coir Fibre

CoirfibreorCoconutcoirisanaturalFibreextractedfromtheskinofcoconut.Itisthefibrousmaterialfoundbetweenthe hard,internalshellandoutercoatofacoconut.Themainadvantageofusingcoconutcoirinimprovingthestrengthofsoil subgradeistheyarecheap,locallyavailableandeco-friendly.Inthisstudythecoconutcoirisextractedmainlyfromgreen nut.

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056

Volume: 09 Issue: 08 | Aug 2022 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

III. SOIL PREPARE & EXPERIMENT

The clayey soil will be mixing with four different contents of Coir Fibres and Bagasse Ash in order to prepare various samples.

In order to investigate the various geotechnical properties of soil tests were conducting in soil and soil mixed with the variouspercentagesofcoirfibre,thevarioustestsconductingarelistedas: 

Standardproctor’stest

Unconfinedcompressiontest

Californiabearingratiotest

Liquidlimit

Plasticlimit

SpecificGravitytest

RESULT AND DISCUSSION

A.Liquid Limit:

Thevalueofliquidlimitofsoilwasobservedas39%

B. Plastic Limit:

Plasticlimitofthesoilsamplewas23.5%

C. Specific Gravity Test:

The Specific Gravity of Soil can be determined in Laboratory using Pycnometer. Specific Gravity is the ratio of the mass/weightinairofagivenvolumeofdrysoilsolidstothemass/weightofequalvolumeofwater.

G=W2-W1/(W2-W1)-(W3-W4)

W1=EmptyweightofBottle

W2=EmptyweightofBottle+Soil

W3=EmptyweightofBottle+Soil+WaterW4=EmptyweightofBottle+Water

V. RESULTS OF SPECIFIC GRAVITY TEST

W1=weight of empty pycnometer bottle 187.4

W2=weight of pycnometer bottle half filled with soil sample 212.36

W3 =weight of pycnometer bottle half filled with sample and rest with water 303.61

W4=weight of pycnometer bottle filled with water 287.37

Table-2 ResultofSpecificGravityTest

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056

Volume: 09 Issue: 08 | Aug 2022 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

A. Standard Proctor Test

SOIL:BAGASSEASH:COIRFIBREMIX

SOIL:BA:CF MDD (kN/m3) OMC (%) 78:20:2 17.27 14.71 77.5:20:2.5 16.87 14.98 77:20:3 16.59 15.32 76.5:20:3.5 16.33 15.51

MDD (kn/m2) OMC (%)

17.27 16.87 16.59 16.33 14.71 14.98 15.32 15.51 13 13.5 14 14.5 15 15.5 16 16.5 17 17.5 78:20:02 77.5:20:2.5 77:20:03 76.5:20:3.5

Table3:ResultsofMDDandOMCofSOIL:BAGASSEASH:COIRFIBREMix Fig:-1Graphb/wMDDandOMCofSoil,CoirFibre&BagasseAshwithdifferentproportions

B. California Bearing Ratio Test

SOIL:COIRFIBRE:BAGASSEASHMIX

SOIL: COIR FIBRE: BA CBR (%) 78:2:20 5.65 77.5:2.5:20 5.81 77:3:20 6.15 76.5:3.5:20 5.96

Table4:CBRRESULTSOFSOIL:COIRFIBRE:BAGASSEASHMIX

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056

Volume: 09 Issue: 08 | Aug 2022 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

c. UCS RESULTS

6.15 5.96 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.7 5.8 5.9 6 6.1 6.2 78:02:20 77.5 : 2.5 : 20 77:03:20 76.5 : 3.5 : 20

5.65

5.81

Fig:-2Graphof CBRTestofSoil,CoirFibre&BagasseAshwithdifferentproportions

SOIL: COIR FIBRE: BAGASSE ASH MIX

SOIL: COIR FIBRE : BAGASSE ASH CURING PERIOD UCS ( kN/m2) 78:2:20 7 195.57 77.5:2.5:20 7 230.18 77:3:20 7 256.09 76.5:3.5:20 7 238.01

Table5:UCSRESULTSOFSOIL:COIRFIBRE:BAGASSEASHMIX

250

200

150

100

50

300 78:02:20 77.5 : 2.5 : 20 77:03:20 76.5 : 3.5 : 20

UCS ( kN/m2) UCS ( kN/m2)

CBR (%) CBR (%) 195.57 230.18 256.09 238.01 0

Fig:-3Graphof UCSTestofSoil,CoirFibre&BagasseAshwithdifferentproportions

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056

Volume: 09 Issue: 08 | Aug 2022 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

IV. CONCLUSIONS

1) ThereisalsoincreaseinOMCfrom14.35to15.95%anddecreaseinMDDfrom17.80 kN/m3 to16.10kN/m3 whenthe percentagesofBagasseAshareusedas10,15,20and25%respectively.

2) WithBagasseAshkeptconstantat20%MDDdecreaseswithanadditionofCoirFibrecontentinsoilandBagasseAsha mix.ThereasonbehindofsuchbehaviorisCoirFibreislighterinweightandithashighwaterabsorptionproperties andhenceOMCincreaseswithincreaseofCoirFibrecontent.

3) ThereisanalsolittleincreaseofCBRvaluewasobservedwhenBagasseAshisaddedtosoil. AfterincreaseintheamountofBagasseAshbeyond20%theCBRvaluestartsdecreasing.

4) TheoptimumvalueofBagasseAshandCoirFibreformaximumpercentagewasfoundat20%ofBagasseAshand3.0% ofCoirFibrewhichis6.15%thustheValueofCBRisincreasedfrom3.31%to6.15%byusingSoilismixedwithBagasse AshandCoirFibre.

5) TheoptimumvalueofBagasseAshandCoirFibreformaximumpercentagewasfoundat20%ofBagasseAshand3.0% ofCoirFibrewhichis256.09%thustheValueofUCSisincreasedfrom86.57%to256.09%byusingSoilismixedwith BagasseAshandCoirFibre.Whichisnearlythreetimes

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