IMPLEMENTATION OF NETWORK DESIGN FOR UNIVERSITIES WITH IOT

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e ISSN: 2395 0056

Volume: 09 Issue: 07 | July 2022 www.irjet.net p ISSN: 2395 0072

IMPLEMENTATION OF NETWORK DESIGN FOR UNIVERSITIES WITH IOT

Bi Bi Ayesha1 , Dr. Shreedhar Murthy 2

2

Abstract The purpose of this project is to set up the network design on a college campus in such a way that networkdeviceswillbeabletocommunicateefficientlyand helptoenhancetechnologyoncampus.Theserversusedin thissetupareDHCP,DNS,FTP,IoT,andmanymoreservices includingwebservices,mailservicesandetc.Bycombining allthetechnologiessuchasLAN,WAN,Wireless,andIoTwe weresuccessfullyabletocreateacollegecampusnetwork and a smart office where one authorized personnel can controlsmartofficeequipmentonthego

Key Words: Ciscopackettracer,VLAN,VTP,DNS,DHCP, HSRP,FTP,EMAILSERVICE,andIoT.

1. INTRODUCTION

Computer network design is one in which the interconnection of multiple devices such as a hub, switch, router, bridge, wireless router, wireless bridge, etc. These devicesarecallednetworkdevices.Thisinterconnectionof devices helps to communicate between different devices. Figure1showsthenetworkingdevices.

***

Fig 1:NetworkingDevices

Thearrangementof network deviceswill beina different layout. The arrangement of network devices is called networktopology.Examplesincludemesh,ring,star,hybrid, tree, and point to point. Aside Figure 2 represents the networktopology.

Fig 2:NetworkTopology

Thedesignofanetworkinnetworkingfollowssomeset of rules/protocols which is defined by a standard model calledtheOSI(OpenSystemsInterconnection)model.Itisa reference model that defines the standards for communication protocol. [5] OSI model includes seven layersuchasapplicationlayer,presentationlayer,session layer, transport layer, network layer, data link layer, and physicallayer.

Henceitisalsocalledaseven layermodel.OSImodel Developed in 1984, It was initially developed by ISO, the InternationalOrganizationforStandardization,andisnow commonpracticeforlearningnetworkingconcepts.

OSImodelgivestheflowoftransmissionofdatafrom oneenddevice(source)toanotherenddevice(destination) in network design [4]. The first three layers from the physicallayerarecalledthehardwarelayer,thelastthree layersiscalledthesoftwarelayerandthemiddletransport layeristheheartoftheOSImodel.

Fig 3:OSIModel

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e ISSN: 2395 0056

Volume: 09 Issue: 07 | July 2022 www.irjet.net p ISSN: 2395 0072

2. RELATED WORK

In a previous study, Yan Haiyan (2001) entitled “ApplicationofVLANandHSRPtechnologyinthedual core campusnetwork”aimedtorealizethegatewayredundancy backup and achieve the aim of load balancing and link backup.

Researchconductedby,IsaShemsi(2017)entitled “Boosting Campus Network Design Using Cisco Packet Trace” where this study was conducted to improve the campus network service, this paper proposed Smart CampusNetworkDesign(SCND)byassimilatinginternetof thingdeviceswithclassicalnetworkdevices.

Besides,researchconductedbyMingyuLim(2020) entitled “Direct and Indirect File Transfer Protocols BetweenClientsinClient ServerArchitecture”proposeda file transferprotocol(C2CFTP)thatefficientlyperformsfile transferbetweenclientsinaclient serverarchitecture.

Research conducted by Marwa Assim (2020) entitled“DesignandImplementationofSmartHomeusing WSNandIoTTechnologies”hasshownhowtodesignsmart homeautomation

3. PROBLEM FORMULATION

In building a network infrastructure, one of the most importantthingsishowthenetworkcanhandlelinkfailures anddevicefailures.Sotominimizefailuresinanetwork,we have a redundancy protocol implemented (HSRP). With HSRP, if one gateway dies, the other gateway will immediatelyreplacethestandbygate.

Communicationbetweentwoormoredifferentlocalarea networks or between wide area networks is the most challenging job, so in this project, we have used the OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) protocol which has the characteristics to choose the shortest path which will evaluatethedelayandimprovestheefficiencyofthepacket exchange.

Furthermore,wehaveusedtechnologiessuchasDHCPto automatetheIPaddresstoenddevices,FTPtotransferfiles fromonedevicetoanother,Emailservicestocommunicate, DNS to decode domain names to IP addresses so that browserscanloadInternetresourcesandIoTserversand types of equipment to design the Smart Office. The simulationandimplementationhavebeendoneusingaCisco packettracer8.0.1.[1]

4. CONCEPTUAL MODELLING

Attheconceptualmodelstage,networktopologywillbe made.ThenetworktopologywillbedesignedusingCisco packettracer 8.0.1. Whichalsoactsasa tool fornetwork simulation.Thecomponentswhichareusedinthedesignof

thelayer2andlayer3VLAN,HSRP,DHCP,DNS,FTP,Web ServicesandOSPFtopologiesare:

1. 15UnitsofCiscoSwitches2960series.

2. 32UnitsofComputerDevices

3. 6UnitsofCiscoMulti layerswitches3560series

4. 3UnitsofCiscoISR4331routers

5. 6UnitsofServers

6. 1UnitofIoTHomeGateway

7. 7UnitsofIoTtypesofequipment

5. METHODOLOGY

A. Modelling

Thisstagewillbeperformedmodelingforthesimulation. The simulation will be conducted for Inter VLAN communication, HSRP normal condition, HSRP Link Termination, OSPF WAN communication, Email Services, WebServices,FTPservice,andIoT basedsmartofficeusing Ciscopackettracer.

B. Simulation

Atthissimulationstage,theauthorsusethenetwork simulation software Cisco packet tracer 8.0.1., which runsontheWindows10operatingsystem.[1]

C. Inter VLAN Communication

The figure shows the inter VLAN communication between two end devices from VLAN 2 to VLAN 3 as highlighted in the figure. [2] The Simulation panel describesthepathflowand thetimetaken(insecs)to reachthedestination.[5] Fig 4:InterVLANCommunication

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e ISSN: 2395 0056

Volume: 09 Issue: 07 | July 2022 www.irjet.net p ISSN: 2395 0072

D HOT STANDBY ROUTER PROTOCOL

HSRPisrunninghereforthelocalsubnetscreatedin boththemulti layerswitches,currently,Primaryswitch isintheActivestateandtheSecondaryisinStandby.[5] If Primary fails due to any reason, secondary will overtakeasActive.[1][4]

Fig 5:HSRPPathwhenPrimarySwitchisActive

Fig -6:VLANSinActiveLocalPrimarySwitch

Scenario 1:

Let’smakePrimarySwitch’slinksdownandseeifthe HSRPpathtakesSecondaryswitch.

Fig 8: HSRPPathwhenPrimarySwitchisFails

Fig 7:CommandstodisablethelinksofActiveSwitch

Fig 9: VLANsinActiveLocalSecondarySwitch

Theroutersormultilayerswitchesthataregoingto participateinHSRPmustgothroughthesestatesbefore itoperatesforsomeroleinanetwork.asshowninfigure 10

The initial state is when an Interface is enabled to participateinHSRP.LearnStateiswhentheswitchtries tolearntheVirtualIPaddress,andListenStateiswhen boththerouterslistentoHellomessages.SpeakStateis said to be when periodic hello messages will be exchangedandparticipateintheHSRPelection.Standby andActiveStatearewhentherouterissettobecomethe nextactiverouterandtheActivestaterouterforwards thetrafficrespectively.

E. OSPF

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e ISSN: 2395 0056

Volume: 09 Issue: 07 | July 2022 www.irjet.net p ISSN: 2395 0072

Fig 10: StatesofHSRP

OSPF is a routing protocol that is used for Internet Protocolnetworks.Itusesthestatusofthelinkstoforma networkandusesalink staterouting(LSR)algorithmand operateswithinasingleAutonomousSystem(AS)[9].OSPFis usuallyusedinlargeandcomplexnetworkswhichgathers the link state information from available routers and develops a network topology. Furthermore, the formed topologyisrepresentedasaRoutingtabletoInternetLayer toroutethepacketsbytheirdesireddestination.

Beforeformingtheneighborship,theroutershavetogo through several states where establishing neighbor adjacencies and developing databases would happen. The firstthreestatesofOSPFaremainlywhileEstablishingthe neighbor adjacencies to form neighborship. The last four statesaretoSynchronizetheOSPFdatabasewhichcontains thelinkstateadvertisementsasshowninFigure11.

Fig 11: StatesofOSPF

OSPFdetectsthevariationsinnetworktopology,suchas failures of links, and forms a new loop free routing structurewithinsomesecondsasthenamesays,itfindsthe shortest path tree for each route that is available in the routing table [9]. It uses Dijkstra’s Algorithm. Figure 12 shows the WAN setup and forms the OSPF neighborship amongthem.[4]

Fig 12: WANTopologyandCommunication

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e ISSN: 2395 0056

Volume: 09 Issue: 07 | July 2022 www.irjet.net p ISSN: 2395 0072

InFigure16,theIncomingandOutgoingMailServeris vtu.com,whichwillbetranslatedtotheactualIPwiththe helpofDNSserver.

Fig 13: OSPFNetworkAdvertisements

Fig -14: OSPFNeighborFormation

F. EMAIL SERVICES

An email refers to the electronic means of communicationbysendingandreceivingmessagesover theInternet.Emailoperatesacrosscomputernetworks, primarilytheInternet,andalsolocalareanetworks.

Similarly, we have created a group of users and passwordsrespectivelyforeachofthecomputersinour network topology so that they can communicate via email.

Email Composition:

Fig 15: EnablingEmailServicesandCreating UserandpasswordsinaServer

InFigure17,ashighlighted,whenanemailiscomposed

Fig 16: ConfiguringEmailinaComputerdevice tosomeotheruser,itwillreachtoDNSserveraswehave specifiedvtu.comasourIncomingandoutgoingserveras showninFigure16.

Fig 17: ConfiguringEmailinaComputer device

Figure 18 shows that the composed email has been receivedbythereceiver

2022, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.529 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e ISSN: 2395 0056

Volume: 09 Issue: 07 | July 2022 www.irjet.net p ISSN: 2395 0072

Fig 18: GUIviewofEmailBrowser

G. WEB SERVICES

Aserviceofferedbyanelectronicdevicetoanother electronicdevice,communicatingwitheachotherviathe Internet, or a server running on a computer device, listeningforrequestsataparticularportoveranetwork, servingwebdocuments(HTML,JSON,XML,images).

Figure19showstheVTUhomepageandfromthere, with the help of Hyperlinks, we can navigate to other pagesaswell.

Fig 20: NetworkTopologyofIOTbasedsmartoffice

Fig 19: HTMLpageofVTU.AC.IN

H. IOT SMART OFFICE

Including various smart objects which are used for implementingofficeautomationsuchaschicwindows, chic fans, chic lights, chic doors, webcams and various sensors. [1] The HomeGatewayisused forcontrolling the objects and sensors, which are providing a programming environment forcontrolling objectsthat areconnectedandprovidescontrolmechanismsthrough theregistrationofHomeGatewaysmartdevices.[3]

Fig 21: HomeGatewayInternetandEthernet Port

AgainwithDNSresolutionsforHTTPpage“iot_server”, thebrowserredirectstotheLoginpageoftheIoTserver, where wecancontrol all thesmartIoT devicesfromany computerinournetworktopology.

Fig 22: HTMLpageofiot_server

© 2022, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.529 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page440

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e ISSN: 2395 0056

Volume: 09 Issue: 07 | July 2022 www.irjet.net p ISSN: 2395 0072

6. REFERENCES

[1] Garima Jain, Nasreen Noorani, Nisha Kiran, Sourabh Sharma, Designing & simulation of topology network using Packet Tracer, International Research Journal of EngineeringandTechnology(IRJET),2(2),2015.

[2] S. Raja Gopal, P. Saleem Akram , S. Sriram, T. Pavan Koushik, V. Mohan Krishna, - Design and Analysis of Heterogeneous Hybrid topology for VLAN configuration-, International Journal of Emerging TrendsinEngineering Research,Vol7,No11,PP487 491,2019.

[3] G.L.P Ashok, P. Saleem Akram, M. Sai Neelima, , J. Nagasaikumar, A.Vamshi Implementation Of Smart HomeByUsingPacketTracer,IEEE

Fig 23: RegisteredIOEdeviceswiththeirstatus

Afterregisteringthesmartdevicetothehomegateway, [8]thefigureaboveshowsthatalldevicesareaccessedby legitimateusersviathewebandthiscanbedonefromany oftheenddevicesinanysiteasperourtopology.

[4] Yan Haiyan (2001) “Application of vlan and HSRP technology in the dual core campus network” 2018 International Conference on Smart Grid and Electrical Automation

[5] Hidayatullah, Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Performance Evaluation of First Hop Redundancy Protocol (FHRP) on VRRP,HSRP, GLBP with Routing ProtocolBGPandEIGRP

[6] Isa Shemsi (2017) “Boosting Campus Network DesignUsingCiscoPacketTrace”,IEEE

[7] Mingyu Lim (2020) “Direct and Indirect File Transfer protocols between clients in client-server Architecture”,IEEE Fig -24: IoTProgrammingEnvironment

6. CONCLUSION

Inthisarticle,weusedtheCiscopackettracerversion 8.0.1.tointroducevariousprotocolssuchasDNS,DHCP, HSRP,OSPF,FTP,andIoT basedsmartofficesetupina single platform, where anyone can communicate with anybody. The main motto of this article is to have network redundancy and transparency for everyone. Hence we can conclude that we have designed and simulatedcollegecampusnetworkdesignwiththesmart office.