SELECTION OF CANAL ALIGNMENT FOR THE INTERLINKING OF DAMANGANGA (EKADARE) AND GODAVARI VALLEY USING

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e ISSN: 2395 0056

Volume: 09 Issue: 07 | July 2022 www.irjet.net p ISSN: 2395 0072

SELECTION OF CANAL ALIGNMENT FOR THE INTERLINKING OF DAMANGANGA

(EKADARE) AND GODAVARI VALLEY USING QGIS

1J Maghrabi, 2P Rana, 3A Rakshe, 4S Kurane, 5A Morade

1 Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, 2, 3, 4, 5 Students, Department of Civil Engineering, Terna Engineering College, Nerul, Navi Mumbai 400 706 ***

Abstract WaterscarcityisthemajorissuefacedbytheworldanditisrapidlyrisinginIndia Toovercomethisproblem manymethodshavebeenadopted,interlinkingofriversisoneofthem Connectingtheriverswiththehelpofcanalsand reservoirsiscalledinterlinking InIndia,NationalWaterDevelopmentAgency (NWDA) haveproposedvariouslinksforthis purpose Amongst these link Daman Ganga (Ekadare) Godavari Valley link is selected and 4 alignments are proposed consideringvariousfactors QGISsoftwareisusedforthisproject

Keywords: Water,interlinking,rivers,canal,alignment,QGIS

1. INTRODUCTION

WaterscarcityisamajorissuethatisrisingveryrapidlyinIndia Indiabeingwaterstressednation,isstandingonthebrinkof an acute water crisis The solutions proposed to solve the water scarcity problems are rainwater harvesting, water conservation,wastewaterrecyclingandmuchmore Theoneofthemajorsolutiontosolvethisproblemisinterlinkingof riverswhichwasintroducedintheyear1982inIndia TheInterlinkingofRiversistheconceptofconnectingtheriversofthe countrybynetworksofreservoirsandcanals. Throughinterlinking,watercanbetransferredfromelevatedsurplusareasto low lyingdeficitareas.Interlinkingofriversconsistsofmultifaceteddataonagrarian,environmental,hydrogeological,political andsocio economicaspects. Dataisderivedfromavarietyofsources,includingremotesensingphotos,aerialphotography, papermaps,andfielddata Foreasyretrieval,analysis,effectiveplanningandexecutionanddecisionmakingonsuchcomplex projectissues,thedataandinformationrelatedtoitshouldbestoredindigitalformatoneplace.

1.1 Literature review

AkrutiKPateletal, (2015): TheyproposedtheplanningofinterlinkingofRiverShetrunjiandRiverDhatarwadibyacanal usingRemoteSensingandGIS TheslopemapandcontourmapwerepreparedwiththehelpofARCGISsoftware Thecanal alignment is planned based on the data acquired in such a way that the surplus water from Shetrunji Dam flows to the DhatarwadiDambygravitylevelpassingthroughthethreetalukas.Threecrossdrainageworksarerequiredbecausethecanal crossesthenaturalstreamsoftheBagadRiver,MalanRiver,andZolapurRiver.

HeenaKKanjanietal,(2016): SheconductedacasestudytoproposetheinterlinkingcanalalignmentfromKandanaDamto WatrakDamwhichislocatedinthenorthernpartofGujaratusingRemoteSensingandGeographicalInformationSystem(GIS). The satellite image data and geo spatial data were obtained from the BISAG and thematic layers were made using visual interpretation technique of ARC GIS Three alignment of canals were proposed based on the IS code of lined canal Consideringeconomy,suitabilityandlanduserequirementthatisbasedonGISstudy;approximately38kmlengthofinterlink canalhasbeenproposed Thewaterthroughthecanalwillflowwiththehelpofgravitypassingthroughloamysoil

Anupriya etal, (2018): Using GIS and Open Source Maps, they investigated the Vidarbha region (OSM). The topography characteristicsandpotentialofwaterstoragecapacitywithwatershadingoftheVidarbharegionwereanalysedusingQGIS 2.14.12withgrass7.2.0andCgiar csi. Thesoftwareswereusedtocreatethevariousdataneededforthelinkage. Examining suchanenvironmentalissuewithsoftwareprovestobeasignificantstepintherightdirection

1.2 Objectives

a) ThecoreobjectiveoftheprojectistoanalyzethemostsuitablepathforinterlinkingofDamangangaRiverandGangapur ReservoirusingtheQGISsoftware

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e ISSN: 2395 0056

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b) TofindouttheproposedlocationofdamnearEkadare c) Todivertthesurpluswaterusingcanal,ductsanddrainstoincreasetheareaunderirrigation

2. METHODOLOGY

2.1 Study area

NWDAhascarriedoutstudiesandproposeddiversionofsurpluswateravailableatdependableyieldofDamangangabasin uptoproposedEkadaredamsitetoexistingGangapurreservoirinGodavariValley

Damanganga:TheDamanGangaoriginatesintheSahyadrihillsnearAmbegaonvillageintheDindoritalukaofMaharashtra's Nasikdistrict MajorpartoftheriverliesinMaharashtra Itis131 30kmlongfrompointoforigintotheArabianSea 20°19′N, 72°50′Earethecoordinates Dawn,Shrimat,Val,Rayte,Lendi,Vagh,andDudhniareimportanttributariesoftheDamanganga River

GodavariValley:TheUpperGodavarisub basin,whichliesbetween18°42'and20°28'northlatitudeand73°26'to77°46'east longitude,includestheGodavari'sreachfromitssourcetoitsconvergencewiththeManjraRiverbutexcludesthePravara, Purna, and Manjra rivers' catchment areas The river flows through Nashik district, eventually reaching the Gangapur Reservoir,whichwascreatedbyadamofthesamename,andsubsequentlytheKashyapiDam TheKashyapidamrises4175 mabovethelowestfoundation Thegrossstoragecapacityis0 05269km3andthevolumecontentis0 05174km3

2 2 Flowchart

Fig 1: MethodologyFlowchart

Figure1givestheflowchartonmethodologyusedinthestudy

2 3 Proposed Ekadare Dam:

ItisproposedtobuildanewdamontheDamangangaRivernearEkadarevillageinNashikdistricttodivertexcesswatertothe KashyapiDamviaacanal TheproposedEkadareDamislocatedat20°11′24′′ N,73°32′20′′ E Thedamwaschosenforthis locationbasedonthefollowingcriteria:

1 Thepresenceofasuitablefoundation

2 Minimumlengthofthedam,whichcameouttobe320musingGoogleEarthProSoftware

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International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e ISSN: 2395 0056

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Fig 4: LULCMap.

2.4 Alignments

Someofthebasicrequirementsforcanalalignmentwereasfollows:

1 Thecanalalignmentswerechoseninsuchawaythatwaterflowedprimarilythroughgravity,withaslittlepumpingas feasible

2 Landuselandcovermapswereusedtoidentifyandavoidbuiltupregions

3 Thealignmentsprovidedrunthroughthemostoftheopenlandpossible

4 Themajorityofthetime,roadandrivernetworkswereavoidedsothatcrossdrainageworkwouldbeminimal Thefourcanalalignmentsareinvestigatedbasedongeology,hydrology,andlanduse,withthemostsuitablealignmentchosen basedontopographiccircumstancesandmeetingthecanalalignmentcriteria Figure2showscontourmap,slopemapandLULCmapthatareusedforpassingthealignments

2 4 1 Canal Alignment 1:

Between Ekadare Dam and Kashyapi Dam, a canal alignment was suggested The canal runs from the proposed Ekadare Reservoir'sleftbanktoasumpatRD47km,FSL550m,andaliftof170m ThenitflowsuptoRD67kmbygravity Thelink thentakesofffromthesumpatFSL540m,pumpingthroughapipelinetoasumpatRD79km,FSL715m,withaliftof175m ThecanalrunsfromasumpatRD79kmthroughatunneltoRD127kmontheupperbankofKashyapiReservoir,withanFSL of715m Inthetunnel,waterflowsduetogravity Thecanalis127kmlongintotal Thetotalliftingheadis345m Shingdari, Cholmukh,Kulwandi,ShivajiNagar,HoldarNagar,andKashyapnagarareamongthevillagesservedbythelink Itcrossesa majorroadatadistanceof358km,necessitatingtheconstructionofanoverbridge Onlyonecrossdrainageworkisrequired inthiscase Thisalignmenthastheshortestlengthofthefourproposedalignments Figure5showscanalalignment1

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e ISSN: 2395 0056

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Fig 5: Alignment1

2 4 2 Canal Alignment 2:

ThealignmentrunsfromtheproposedEkadareReservoir'slowerrightbanktoasumpatRD515kmatFSL510mwithaliftof 140m ThenitflowsuptoRD815kmduetogravity ThelinkthentakesofffromthesumpatFSL490mbypumpingthrougha pipelinetoasumpatRD97kmatFSL700mwithaliftof210m ThecanalstartswithanFSLof700mfromasumpatRD97 kmandcontinuesthroughatunneltoRD132kmontheupperbankofKashyapiReservoir Inthetunnel,waterflowsdueto gravity Thecanalis132kilometreslongintotal Atotalof350mofliftingheadisavailable Ruipetha,Murmuti,Fanaspada, Pate,Donwade,Umbardahad,Vaishnavnagar,andIndiranagararethevillagescoveredbythislink Itcrossesfiveroadsat distancesof116kilometres,524kilometres,594kilometres,782kilometres,and107kilometres,respectively,andthusover bridgesmustbeprovidedatthosepoints Atachainageof543kilometres,itcrossesastream,necessitatingcrossdrainage work Itisthesecondshortestofthefouralignments Incomparisontootheralignments,itnecessitatesmorecrossdrainages Figure6showscanalalignment2

Fig 6: Alignment2

2 4 3 Canal Alignment 3:

ThealignmentrunsfromtheproposedEkadareReservoir'slowerrightbanktoasumpatRD26km,FSL404m,witha34m lift ThelinkthenstartspumpingtoasumpatRD48km,whichisatFSL486metres It'san82meterlift Thelinkthenascends throughapipelinefromsumpatRD48kmtoasumpatRD61kmatFSL681m,withaliftof195m Thecanal,thenrunswith anFSLof681mfromasumpatRD61kmtoRD92kmthroughtunnel Inthetunnel,thewaterflowsbygravity Thecanal thentakesofffromRD92kmatFSL673mtoRD186kmatFSL635mthroughgravity Thecanalis186kilometreslongin

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International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e ISSN: 2395 0056

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total The total liftingheadis311 m Thus at threepoints,pumpingis required Dolharmal,Kohor, Ladachi,Sadgaon,and Dhondegaonarethevillagescoveredbythislink Itcrosseseightroadsatdistancesof16km,33km,46km,948km,125km, 1386km,1445km,1537km,and179km,respectively,andthusoverbridgesmustbeprovidedatthosepoints Itcrossesthe streamatadistanceof24km,necessitatingcrossdrainagework Thusatninedifferentlocations,crossdrainageworkis required Figure7showscanalalignment3

Fig 7: Alignment3

2 4 4 Canal Alignment 4:

ThealignmentrunsfromtheproposedEkadareReservoir'slowerrightbanktoasumpatRD42kmatFSL515mwithaliftof 145m ThenitflowsuptoRD102kmduetogravity ThelinkthentakesofffromthesumpatFSL505m,pumpingthrougha pipelinetoasumpatRD119km,FSL720m,withaliftof215m ThecanalrunsfromasumpatRD119kmthroughatunnel toRD152kmontheupperbankofKashyapiReservoir,withanFSLof720metresto660m,respectively Inthetunnel,water flowsduetogravity Thecanalis152kmlongintotal Thetotalliftingheadlengthis360m Dolharma,Ruipetha,Fanaspada, Pate,Donwade,Vaishnavnagar,andIndiranagararethevillagescoveredbythislink Itcrossessixroadsatdistancesof17km, 35km,532km,779km,914km,and1282km,respectively,andthusoverbridgesmustbeprovidedatthosepoints The amountofarablelandcoveredisgreaterbuttherequirementofcrossdrainageworkismore Figure8showscanalalignment4

Fig 8: Alignment 4

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International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e ISSN: 2395 0056

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3. Results

Table 1: ComparisonofAlignments

Alignment Length Image Remarks

• Shortestlink

• Onlyonecrossdrainageworkisrequired

1 127km

• Coverssignificantcultivablearea

• Twostagepumpingisrequiredwithtotalliftof345m

• TotalGravityflow 68km (53%)

• TunnelLength 48km

•

2 132km

Secondshortestlink

• Crossdrainageworkisrequiredatsixlocations

• Coversmorecultivablearea

• Twostagepumpingisrequiredwithtotalliftof350m

• TotalGravityflow 65km(49%)

• TunnelLength 35km 3 186km

• Longestlink

• Crossdrainageworkisrequiredatninelocations

• Threestagepumpingisrequiredwithtotalliftof311m

• TotalGravityflow 125km (67%)

• TunnelLength 31km 4 152km

• Crossdrainageworkisrequiredatsixlocations

• Coversmorecultivablearea

• Twostagepumpingisrequiredwithtotalliftof360m

• TotalGravityflow 95km(625%)

• TunnelLength 33km

Acomparisonofallfouralignmentsisshowninthetable Itshowsthelengthofthealignments,thenumberofcrossdrainage worksnecessary,theamountofpumpingrequired,totalgravityflow,andtunnellength Alignment1istheshortestwhereas alignment3isthelongest

4. Conclusion

Theanalysisofmapssuchasslopemaps,contourmaps,landuselandcovermapsoftheareabetweentheproposedEkadare damandtheKashyapidamledtotheselectionofasuitableinterlinkingcanaltocarrysurpluswaterfromtheEkadaredamto the Kashyapi dam Based on the GIS study, various alternative proposals were considered, taking into account length, suitability,pumping,andlanduserequirements Civilengineeringstructuressuchasroads,bridges,andotherstructureswere takenintoaccountwhenchoosingcanalalignmentstreams Thealignment1hasbeenchosenasthemostsuitablebasedonthe tabulateddatainresulttable,asitistheshortestlink (127km) andhasthelowestCDworkswithtwostagepumpinganda totalliftof345m

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e ISSN: 2395 0056

4.1 Scope for future studies

a) TheprojectcanbeusedasabaseforcostestimationwhichwillincludethecostofDamconstruction,Canalconstruction, PumpingStationandsumpconstruction,CostofCutting&FillingofEarthwork,CostofPumping Theresultsmayvary dependingonthecostanalysisandcostbenefitratio,andthechosenalignmentcanbechanged

b) DesignofTunnel, c) DesignofCanal, d) DesignofPipeline.

REFERENCES

[1] AnupriyaandChamatL2018StudyofinterlinkingofriversbyusingGeographicInformationSystem (GIS) withQUANTUM GIS IJERT vol 7 issue03

[2] PatelA,SinghNandPrakashI2015Planningofriverinter linkingcanalsystembetweenShetrunjiriverandDhatarwadi river,Saurashtra,India,usingremotesensingandGIS IJSTE vol 1 issue11

[3] KanjaniH,MotianiA,PrakashIandMehmoodK2016SelectionofinterlinkingcanalalignmentfromKadanaDamto WatrakDam,Gujarat,usingremotesensingandGIS IJSTE vol 2 issue11

[4] KrishnaveniM,PrakashvelJ,KaarmegamM2003GISandVisualisationCapabilitiesforInterlinkingofIndianRivers

[5] IntegratedStateWaterPlanforGodavariBasininMaharashtraVolume1: IntegratedPlan2017

[6] IntegratedStateWaterPlanforWestFlowingRiverBasininMaharashtraVolumeII: IntegratedPlan2018

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