International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 09 Issue: 07 | July 2022 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF FRUIT RIND EXTRACT OF GARCINIA MANGOSTANA LINN
Seema V. Nayak1, Dr. P. N. Mandhare2
Ph. D Scholar, Dept. of Analytical Chemistry, S.N.D.T. Women’s University, Santacruz (W), Mumbai, 400049, India1 Associate Professor, Dept. of Analytical Chemistry, S.N.D.T. Women’s University, Santacruz (W), Mumbai, 400049, India2 ***
ABSTRACT
In South East Asia Garcinia mangostana linn (GML) is used as phytomedicine for treatment of trauma, diahorrea, skin infection. Antioxidants are the substances which help to inhibit the oxidation and thus increase the life of oxidizable matter. Freeradicalsresponsibleforoxidativestresscausevarious diseasesordisorder.Antioxidantsderivedfrommedicinalplants; intheformofrawextractand/orchemicalconstituents,helpstoblockoxidationbyneutralizingfreeradicals. Inrecentyears Garcinia mangostana linn has become suitable alternative medicinal plants as they contain about fifty natural xanthones. In studyitwasobservedthatoutofsixteenxanthonesγ mangosteenshowedHO -scavengingactivitywhichisisolatedfromGML fruitpowder.Theantioxidantactivitystudyhasbeendonebyusingtwodifferentsolventextractatdifferentconcentration.
Keywords Antioxidant activity, Garcinia mangostana linn, DPPH(2,2 Diphenyl 1 picryl hydrazyl hydrate), Free radical scavengingactivity(RSA%),IC50.
Garcinia mangostana linn (GML):
Today, usage of concentrates of plant as refreshments produced using flavors and medicinal plants based beverages, herbs, sodas, juices and syrup has expanded. Mangosteen skin is one of them. Mangosteen skin utilized. [Mishra A. K. et al, 2011] Mangosteen [Garcinia mangostana Linn] is a fascinating fruit and has attractive shading with high nutrient substance, comprises of carbohydrates, protein, fat, calcium, phosphorus, iron, sodium, potassium, vitamin B1, vitamin C, and others. Toughskinofmangosteencontains xanthone, tars,flavonoidsand tannins. The pericarphasadditionallybeendemonstrated in various examinations, that it is reported with antibacterial potential [Arun K. M. et al, 2011]. Mangosteen fruit contains xanthones and tannis shows antifungal, antiviral, antibacterial and antioxidant property [Zarena et al, 2009]. It also shows good anticancer activity and also useful as remedy for inflammation, hepatitis, allergy etc. [Inas et al, 2014, Yukihiro et al, 2008].
International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 09 Issue: 07 | July 2022 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
Gartanin
Therearesomehigherplantfamilies,fungi,lichens,wasfoundtocontainsecondarymetabolitexanthonesorxanthen 9H ones [PeresVetal,2000,Vieira etal,2005]andtheyareclassifiedmainlyinfivegroupsnamelyxanthoneglycosides, prenylated xanthones,simpleoxygenatedxanthones,xanthonolignoidsand miscellaneous xanthones.( SultanbawaM.U.S1980,Jiang eal, 2004).StudyhasbeenshownthatsecondarymetabolitesprenylatedandoxygenatedxanthonespresentinGML[Govindachari T.R.K.P.etal,1971,SultanbawaM.U.S1980,PeresVetal,2000].Xanthonescanbeisolatedfromleaves,bark,wholefruit,and pericarp. In studies it has been observed that xanthones isolated from mangosteen fruits have good biological activities [SuksamrarnS.etal,2006].Mostlystudieshavebeendoneonxanthonessuchasα mangostin,β mangostin,γ mangostins, garcinones E, 8 deoxygartanin and gartanin. It was reported that xanthones obtained from GML shows biological activities like antitumoral, anti inflammatory antiallergy, antioxidant, antifungal, antiviral and antibacterial etc. From pericarp of mangosteen about fifty xanthones isolated, in which first was named as mangostin which further change to α mangosteen [SchmidWetal,1855].AbouttwentyonexanthonesisolatedfromtrunkandbranchesofGML.Abouteighteenxanthoneshave been isolated from the mangosteen fruit such as α Mangostin, β Mangostin,9 hydroxycalabaxanthone,3 isomangostin,gartanin,8 desoxygartanin,mangostenoneC,D,E.[HollowayD.M.etal,1975,Nilaretal,2002,Walkeretal,2007, Nilaretal,2005,SuksamrarnS.etal,2006].
ANTI ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY:
Antioxidants are the substances which help to inhibit the oxidation and thus increase the life of oxidizable matter. Free radicalsresponsible for oxidative stresscause various diseases or disorder [Patel Chirag J et al.,2013]. Antioxidants derived from medicinal plants;intheform of raw extractand/orchemical constituents,helpsto block oxidation by neutralizing free radicals.Itisconsideredthatmedicinesderivedfromplantsaresaferthansyntheticone,buttoxicityofmostmedicinalplants havenotbeenstudied[ShararehRezaeianetal.,2015].Antioxidantisusedagainstdamagescausedbyfreeradicals.
International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 09 Issue: 07 | July 2022 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
InrecentyearsGarciniamangostanalinnhasbecomesuitablealternativemedicinalplantsastheycontainaboutfiftynatural xanthones [Pedraza et al., 2008]. It was observed that α mangosteen reduces the human low density lipoprotein (LDL) caused by copper and peroxyl radical. They observed that α mangosteen reduces thiobarbituric reactive species (TBARS) production and decreases the tocopherol consumption which is induced by LDL oxidation. Study has been shown that α mangosteenandtheirsyntheticderivativesreduceα tocopherolconsumptioninducedbyLDLoxidation[YoshikawaMetal., 1994].
Anti Oxidant activity Garcinia mangostana With DPPH Scavenging Activity Method at concentration µg/ml using fruit rind extractofGarciniaindicachoisyandGarciniamangostanalinn.
Materialandmethod: Collection of Material:
Fruit rind of both species Garcinia indica choisy and Garcinia mangostana linn were collected from Dr. Balasaheb Sawant Konkan Krushi Vidyapeeth, Regional fruit research station, Vengurla. The specimen were prepared and authenticated at DepartmentofBotany,RamnarainRuiaAutonomousCollege.
Sample Preparation:
20gmDriedfruitrindGarciniamangostanalinnwasaddedwithEthylAcetate,THF(Tetrahydrofuran)andwerekeptat 37oC for 24 hours and extracted by soxhlet extraction apparatus.The extracted solvent solution was then washed with water to removeanyacidicpartfromproduct;theaqueouslayerwascheckedforitspH.ThepHshouldbeinnearrangeof6.5 7.05.The Organic layer (solvents) was then subjected to drying under controlled atmosphere and temperature using rotary vacuum evaporator. The solid dried material thus obtained was further used for DPPH activity at different concentrations of dried samplesextract(100µg/ml,125µg/ml,150µg/ml,175µg/mland200µg/ml)usingethanol. 100µg/ml,125µg/ml,150µg/ml,175µg/mland200µg/mlinEthanolofBHTwerepreparedandusedasexternalantioxidant standard product. Prepare of 0.065mM DPPH (2, 2 dipheny 1 picrylhydrazyl) Solution and treated each extract with DPPH andaftershaking5minutesandkeptfor30minutes eachofthesesolutionsweretakenupforspectralscanningat517nm.
Calculation:RadicalScavengingActivity(RSA%)=[A(c) A(s)]/A(c)x100 WhereA(c)=AbsofControlLiquid(0.2mMDPPHinMethanolSolution)at517nm. A(s)=AbsofSample+DPPHsolutionafterkeepingindarkfor30min. A] Antioxidant activity of ethyl acetate extracts of Garcinia mangostana linn SRNO. Conc inµg/ml Abs of reacted materialwithDPPH Radical scavenging activity(RSA%) IC50µg/ml 1 100 0.4572 34.7137 6.834345 2 125 0.4072 41.8535 9.002602 3 150 0.3114 55.5333 11.17086 4 175 0.2289 67.3140 9.339635 5 200 0.1424 79.6659 15.50737
Table no. - 1] DPPHradicalscavengingactivityofethylacetateextractsofGarciniaindicachoisyfruitrind:
International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 09 Issue: 07 | July 2022 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
Graph no. 1] Radicalscavengingactivity(RSA%)ofethylacetateextractsofGarciniamangostanalinnfruitrind: B] Antioxidant activity tetrahydrofuran (THF) extracts of Garcinia mangostana linn -
Table no.2] Antioxidantactivitystudyoftetrahydrofuran(THF)extractsofGarciniamangostanalinn
SRNO. Conc.inµg/ml Abs. of reacted materialwithDPPH Radical scavenging activity(RSA%) IC50µg/ml
1 100 0.4372 37.5696 6.281046 2 125 0.3773 46.1231 8.323529 3 150 0.2879 58.8890 10.36601 4 175 0.2117 69.7701 8.597214 5 200 0.0911 86.9913 14.45098
Graph no. 2] RSA%ofTHFextractsGarciniamangostanafruitrind:
International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 09 Issue: 07 | July 2022 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
Conclusion:
Fromtheantioxidantactivitystudyitwasobservedthatastheconcentrationincreasesantioxidantactivityalso increased.In ethyl acetate extract and THF extract highest free radical scavenging activity were 79.6659% with IC50 value 15.50737 and 86.9933%withIC50value14.45098respectively.
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