Importance of Renewable Energy

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e ISSN: 2395 0056

Volume: 09 Issue: 07 | July 2022 www.irjet.net p ISSN: 2395 0072

Importance of Renewable Energy

Mayur Bidwe1 , Shrinit Lambodari2 , Swapnil Nehe3

1Student, Department of Mechanical Engineering Maratha Vidya Prasarak Samaja’s Karmaveer Baburao Ganpatrao Thakare College of Engineering, Maharashtra 2Student, Department of Mechanical Engineering K. K. Wagh Institute of Engineering Education and Research, Maharashtra, India 3Student, Department of Mechanical Engineering K. K. Wagh Institute of Engineering Education and Research, Maharashtra, India ***

Abstract – For its energy needs, a major portion of the world relies heavily on oil, gaseous gasoline, and coal. These abilities draw on a large number of assets that will eventually deplete, making them either prohibitively expensive or environmentally harmful to recover. This article discusses the points of attraction and drawbacks of renewable energy sources, as a result, based on the advantages ofvarious energy assets, such as the use of renewable energy sources rather than fossil fuels. Renewable energy can provide two thirds of world energy demand while also contributing to the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions.

Key Words: Sustainable Energy, Biomass, Solar Energy

1. INTRODUCTION

Asthepriceoffossilfuelsfluctuates,renewableenergyis fast gaining relevance as a source of energy. It is consequentlyvitalforengineeringandtechnologystudents to grasp and appreciate the technologies related to renewable energy at the educational level. The proper utilization of energy assets is currently a major topic of debate.Itiscriticaltodecidewhichsourceofenergyshould beusedandwhy.Awiderangeoffactors,suchastidiness, cost,solidity,effectiveness,andenvironmentalimplications, shouldbeexamined.Manybusinessesallaroundtheworld are still using petroleum derivatives for electricity generation.Thesepowersaremostlikelyeffectivewhenall factorsareconsidered,buttheyarenotadvantageousinthe long run. Petroleum derivatives will run out one day, and enterprisesshouldswitchtoinexhaustiblesourcesassoon aspossible.Furthermore,thesepetroleumderivativesposea significantthreattonaturalequilibriumandarethesource ofsomebiologicalhazards.Theuseofrenewableenergyis increasedby3%in2020asdemandforotherfuelsdeclines Solar energy is one of the most widely used renewable energysources.

In the year 2021, four main climate change indicators, greenhouse gas concentrations, sea level rise, ocean heat, and ocean acidification, all set new highs. This is another indicationthathumanactivitiesaregeneratingglobal scale changesonland,intheocean,andintheatmosphere,with far reaching and long term consequences. The key to

resolvingthiscatastropheistoreduceourrelianceonfossil fuel based energy, which is the primary cause of climate change."Thegoodnewsisthatthelifelineisrightinfrontof us,"UNSecretary GeneralAntonioGuterressays,pointing outthatrenewableenergysourcessuchaswindandsolar arecurrentlyavailableand,inmostcases,cheaperthancoal andotherfossilfuels.

Worldinterestinenergyisprojectedtobeyondtwofoldby 2050 and to dramatically multiply by the century's end. Steadyupgradesinexistingenergyorganizationswon't be sufficient to supply this interest in a manageable manner. Trackingdownadequatesuppliesofcleanenergyforwhat's instoreisquitepossiblysociety'smostoverwhelmingtest.

2. History

Energy is the most basic and universal unit of measurementforalltypesofhumanandnaturalwork.Itis, firstandforemost,agiftfromnaturetohumansindiverse ways.The amount of energy consumed is directly proportional to the amount of energy produced. There is mankind'sadvancementastheworld'spopulationcontinues toexpand,advancementinhumanity'slevelofexistence,The globalizationof developing nations' industrialization very day,thedemandforenergygrows.Themostimportantfossil fuel is a source of energy, but it is limited .large scale environmentalissuesandfossilfuelresourcesdeterioration broughtonbytheirextensiveusage,inparticular,strongly influencedbyglobalwarming,urbanairpollution,andacid rainarguesthatnon conventional,renewalandinnovation canbeharnessed.

Theprocessofgeneratingelectricenergyfromothertypes ofenergyisknownaselectricitygeneration.Duringthe1820 andearly1830s,thebasicconceptsofelectricitygeneration were found by the British scientist Michael Faraday His fundamental method is still in use today. Electricity is a sourceofenergyproducedbythemovementofawireloop oradiscofmetalcoppersandwichedbetweenthemagnet's poles.Generationofelectricityismostlydoneatthepower stationsbyelectrochemicalgenerators,whichareprimarily poweredbyheatenginespoweredbychemicalcombustion ornuclearfission.

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e ISSN: 2395 0056

Volume: 09 Issue: 07 | July 2022 www.irjet.net p ISSN: 2395 0072

3. Impact of Conventional Energy

Theenvironmentalimpactofburningfossilfuelshasbeen profoundandnothingshortofdisastrous,meritingitsown report. However, at this point, a brief examination of the subjectisrequired.Conventionalfuels,suchascoaland,toa lesserextent,oil,arelargelytoblameforthedeteriorationof theEarth'sprotectiveenvelope theatmosphere.Wearenow paying the price for the previous century's uncontrolled industrialization and material progress. The term "global warming"hascometomeanthedegradationoftheEarth's environment. Because of the 'greenhouse effect,' global temperatures have risen significantly. Pollutants released intotheatmospherebyvehicleemissions,industrialwastes, andothersources,whichbecomeconcentratedintheupper atmosphere, trap heat within the envelope, causing temperatures to rise with potentially disastrous consequences.Thepopulation'shealthhasalsosufferedasa result of the degradation of the living environment. Hydroelectric power is the only convenient source of renewableandenvironmentallyfriendlyenergy.However, largerivervalleyprojectsareencounteringdifficultiesdue tothevasttractsoflandrequiredfortheseprojectsandthe imbalancetheycreateintheregion'secology.Furthermore, thequestionofresettlingthedisplacedpopulationisnever satisfactorily addressed to the satisfaction of all parties involved. The time has come to consider renewable and environmentally friendly alternatives to existing power sources, which will lead us to a secure and self sufficient future. Buildings have been responsible for a significant portion of environmental degradation, contributing significantly to effects such as ozone depletion, global warming,andacidrain.Understandinghowbuildingsaffect theenvironmentiscriticalinordertocreatedesignsthatare moreenvironmentallyfriendlywhilealsolookingforenergy efficientsolutions.

4. Objective

This paper examines the benefits and drawbacks of a few common sustainable power sources: hydropower, solar power,windpower,geothermalforce,andbiomass.Ideally, after reading this survey article, people will have a better understandingofsustainableenergysources.

5. Types of Renewable Energy

5.1 Solar Energy

Daylight gives by a long shot the biggest of all carbon unbiasedenergysources.Moreenergyfromdaylightstrikes theEarth in60minutes(4.3×1020 J)thanall the energy consumedintheworldinayear(4.1×1020J).Wepresently exploit this sunlight based asset through sun oriented powera$7.5billionindustrydevelopingatapaceof35 40% perannumandsun poweredgotfuelfrombiomass,which givestheessentialenergysourcetonorthofabilliongroup.

Fig 1:SolarEnergySystem

Onourglobe,sun orientedforceisthemostabundantand unbounded resource. Despite this abundance, just 0.04 percentofthebasicenergyneededbypeopleisgenerated directly by solar energy because installing a photovoltaic (PV) panel is more expensive than using petroleum derivatives.Inordertomanageageneratorthatgenerates electricity, concentrating sun oriented force uses the heat from the sun to supply steam. Additionally having low operatingcostsandexcellentefficiency,thiscanproducea significant amount of energy by utilizing heated capacity Solar energy does not pollute the environment, does not produceozone depletingcompoundslikeoil basedenergy does,anddoesnotproducewastethatneedstobedisposed of,asthermalenergydoes.Itisalsocalmertoconstructand tackle, which significantly reduces the turmoil pollution neededtoconvertenergy intoausefulstructure.Itisalso calmertoconstructandtackle,whichsignificantlyreduces theturmoilpollutionneededtoconvertenergytoauseful structure.

5.2 Hydro Power

The hydroelectric energy source is an ideal and environmentallyfriendlyenergysource.Giventhefinancial, specialized, and environmental benefits of hydropower, most nations advocate for its implementation. China, for example, has the most extravagant hydro assets on the planet, with a total hypothetical hydropower capability of 694GW.Developinghydropoweriscriticaltoalleviatingthe energy crisis and natural pollution caused by China's and

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e ISSN: 2395 0056

Volume: 09 Issue: 07 | July 2022 www.irjet.net p ISSN: 2395 0072

othercountries'rapideconomicdevelopmentinthetwenty firstcentury.

Fig 2:HydroPowerPlant

Hydropower is produced by channeling the mechanical energyofflowingwaterthroughafunnelcalledapenstock, which then turns into a generator to produce power. Furthermore,hydropowerhasnonegativesideeffectssuch as corrosive rain and ozone depleting substances. Hydropowerhasseveraldrawbacks,includinghighstartup costs for businesses, reliance on precipitation (no control overtheamountofwateravailable),adjustmentstostream patterns (which can affect fish, plants, and natural life by changingstreamlevels,streamexamples,andtemperature), the entanglement of land and untamed life environment (formationoftherepository),andrelocatingresidentsofthe supplyregion.

5.3 Wind Energy

The cycle of the wind energy source is really simple. The active energy (movement) of the wind is converted into mechanicalenergybyabreezeturbineandusedtogenerate electricity. The energy is handled by a generator, transformedintoelectricalenergy,andthenhandledintoa latticetobetransmittedtoaforcestation.Windenergyhas many places of focus, just like other renewable energy sources.Byusingturbines,whichproduceenergyandpower whenpropelledbythebreezeandcanlowerpowerprices,it reducesozone harmingmaterialemissions.Theonlything the turbines require to function is wind, which is just air moving normally, and the air is everywhere. Wind energy connotesacost free,easilyaccessiblesourceofenergythat won'tdegradeevenifweuseit.Wearerecommendedtouse thisasset'sbenefitsbecausetheywillonlyhelptoimprove and clean up our reality. It will also promote domestic development for various reasons. The construction of the turbines with local resources benefits the local economy first.

Fig-3 :WindEnergySystem

Second,thedevelopmentandimprovementoftheinnovation predict a high expected return, and expansions in speculativeactivityincreasethenation'sGDP.

5.4 Biomass Energy

People have used biomass energy, or bio energy, to the fullestextentpossible!Althoughothersourcesof biomass can also be used, wood is still the largest biomass energy resource available today. Food crops, lush, woody plants, buildupsfromfarmingorrangerwork,oil richgreengrowth, andthenaturalbyproductofcivilandmodernwastesareall includedinthis.Infact,evenlandfillmethaneseepagecanbe usedasasourceofbiomassfuel.Theuseofbiomassenergy mightpotentiallygreatlyreduceozone damagingsubstance outflows,dependenceonforeignoil,andlandfills,andlastly supportslocalfarmingandbackcountryproductenterprises. Thethreemainbiomassfeedstocksforenergyarecitywaste, paper plant waste, and ambulatory plant trash. The most popularfeedstocksusedinbiomasspowerplantsnowadays aresoybeanoilandmaizegrain(forethanolandbiodiesel, respectively).Long termplansincludecultivatingandusing dedicated energy crops, such as swiftly growing trees, grasses,andgreenvegetation. Ifonechoosesnottoselect biomass for the production of biomass energy from the following list, even with all of its benefits, biomass could harmtheclimate:

1. Energy plants that don't compete with food plants for land.

2.Remainsofthecrop,suchasmaizestoverorwheatstraw.

3.Reasonablyharvestedtimberandforestdeposits.

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e ISSN: 2395 0056

Volume: 09 Issue: 07 | July 2022 www.irjet.net p ISSN: 2395 0072

catastrophic accidents, such as the well known British PetroleumOilSpillin2010.

7. Future Of Sustainable Power

Fig 4 : BiomassEnergySources

The beneficial utilization of biomass can also be seen as a part of the earth's carbon cycle, which is the continuous cyclingofcarbonfromtheatmosphereintoplantsandthen intosoilsandtheatmospherethroughplantrot.Therearea few drawbacks to biomass energy in addition to all of its positives.Forinstance,comparedtopetroleumderivatives, biomassenergyisapoorsourceofenergy(ethanolversus fuel).

6. Effects Of Renewable Energies

It is evident that scientists face a challenging problem in trying to convince the public to refocus their attention on sustainable energies and overlook the convenience of workingwithandcontrollingnon renewableenergysources continuously. Having said that, I can say with absolute certainty that all that is required to awaken people to the problemsassociatedwithnon renewableenergysourcesis toprovidethemwithsomefactualinformationabouthealth issuesaswellasanecologicalcatastrophefromsomeofthe majorlargeurbancommunitiesallovertheworld!Inorder toencouragepeopletousesustainableenergysources,we also need to create an environment where doing so is rewarding(chargeincentive).Thepriceofoilfluctuatesdaily based on a variety of factors that also take into account political stability in various parts of the world. Political divisionshaveinthepastledtosevereenergycatastrophes. Greenpowercanbegeneratedprivately,andasaresult,itis not defenceless against axing political irritants. Environmentallyfriendlypowereliminatesalargeportionof the security issues that plague petroleum goods, such as explosionsonoilplatformsandcollapsingcoalmineshafts. Holdsforcoal,gaseousgasoline,andoilarerestrictedand concealed. Oil sands are a minor store that needs to be converted into usable oil by using enormous amounts of petroleum gas. Exploring the ocean's depths can result in

Whencooking,efficientenergyuseisessentialtomeetthe needforenergy.Expertsfromallacrosstheworldbelieve thatusingsustainablepowerhotspotswill usherina new eraofenergy.Thetimewhengasolinewasinexpensiveand military organizations relied on petroleum derivatives to meet their energy needs is long gone. The energy supply companies are especially inspired to employ wind, hydropower,geothermal,solar,andbiomasssincetheymake sense.Additionally,anyonecansetuplittlesolar powered boards above their homes to handle their own stack requests.Acleargoalofenergyisthepreservationofenergy andtheuseofsustainablesources.Manyvehiclesarefuel powered(whichisapetroleumproduct).Gaswilleventually runout.Additionally,thecarindustryshouldrelyonanovel source of energy, such as hybrid frameworks, to continue operating.Thereareseveral waystoconserveenergy.We frequently misjudgehow muchlightis beingswitched on. The lights shouldn't be on when no one is present in the room. This training will undoubtedly save you a tonne of money on utility costs. Compact fluorescent lamps can replacebrilliantlighting(CFLs).Inseveralcountries,cooling and heating account for a significant portion of electricity bills.

8. Conclusion

It is crucial that we minimize risk while distributing and depleting the world's resources. The current mismanagementanddepletionoftheworld'sresources is duetotheuseofpetroleumgasandnonrenewableenergy sourcescombinedwithanincreasingglobalpopulation.

The effects on the climate are crippling and endanger the abilityoftheearthtobemanaged.Itisconcerninghowwe have been consuming petroleum derivatives, but what is evenmoreconcerningishownon renewableenergysources havebeenusedmorefrequentlyduringthepastfewyears.

Theamountofoilbeingsavedgloballyisdecreasing,andthe current over reliance on oil and fossil fuels for energy production contributes to the release of pollutants that destroy the ozone layer. Due to the dire consequences of poisonsenteringtheenvironment,includingariseinglobal temperatures,itiscrucialthatweusenon depletable,eco friendlyfuelsourcesinourdailylivesinordertoprotectthe world.

References

[1] U.S. Energy Information Administration, 2020. Annual EnergyReview,343 348.

[2]Khalil,E,2012.ASHRAETransactions.118(1):64 72.

[3]Delucchi,M.,andJacobson,M.2013.Providingallglobal energy with wind, water, and solar power. Energy Policy, 39(3):1170 1190

[4]Renewable Energy Sources:http://www.renewable energy sources.com/

[5] Tilman, David, 2009. Beneficial Biofuels the Food, EnergyandEnvironmentTrilemma.Science, July17:270 271

[6]“Renewable energy overview” Source: http://www.oas.org/dsd/publications/unit/oea79e/ch

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e ISSN: 2395 0056 Volume: 09 Issue: 07 | July 2022 www.irjet.net p ISSN: 2395 0072 © 2022, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.529 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page1032