International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) Volume: 09 Issue: 06 | Jun 2022
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
www.irjet.net
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
Cost and Quality Management in Buildings Ajay Singh1, Amrendra Kumar2, Ayush Sangal3, Ravi Kumar Choudhary4 1Associate
Professor, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Roorkee Institute of Technology, Roorkee, UK, India Professor, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Roorkee Institute of Technology, Roorkee, UK, India ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------2,3,4Assistant
Abstract - Construction Industry is the largest industry in the world. The cost and quality control in execution of structure should be an integral part of it. With the development of new and innovative technologies there utilization may provide better results. Quality control is not possible without involvement of all decision makers, supervisors and workers. At every level, knowledge, commitment and quality consciousness is important. Necessary trainings should be provided from time to time at every level. Good quality reduces the cost of redoing and improves stability, durability, reliability and legibility of the structure. On the other hand delays in decision making delay the project completion time and add additional cost. Some of the important aspects related to quality control are being discussed in this article.
Key Words: Quality control1, Prefabrication2, innovative technologies3, Wastes control4
1. INTRODUCTION Shelter is one of the primary necessities for human beings. In-spite of all efforts of the state to check population growth, the gap between the demand and availability of houses is on the increase. The present rate of house construction is about 2.6 million per year in India, if it be planned to provide a house for each family by the year 2025, at least 6 million houses are required to be constructed every year. The resources being limited, there is a need to adopt advanced scientific knowledge and new methods and systems which have proved to be cost effective. Apart from initial cost of construction, the life and safety of structures as well as maintenance cost are also important parameters. It is possible to achieve satisfactory behavior to these parameters through quality control of materials and workmanship. There is a misconception that the quality work is always costly, whereas through proper controls it may be possible to avoid wastage and reduce the cost with better quality. The waste material could also be reused after recycling or without recycling as the case may be. It all will depend upon the management skill of the individual responsible for project execution. S Keelery (2022) published the data of eight major city of India shown in the Fig. 1 cumulative numbers of demand and supply for housing from 2016 to 2020. In view of above, it is essential to pace-up fast the construction activities using innovative technology of building infra structure development.
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Fig. 1 Cumulative numbers of demand and supply for housing in eight major cities of India from 2016 to 2020 (Sandhya Keelery, 2022)
2.
COST CONTROL MEASURES
The general impression is that saving in building means adopting poor specifications and accepting poor workmanship. When we talk of low cost building, a reflection in mind appears that it will be due to (a) Use of poor mortars (b) Keeping low ceiling height (c) unfinished or semi-finished walls (d) use of low strength bricks (e) Use of secondary / local species of timber (f) lower thickness of walls (g) elimination of parapet walls and rain water pipes (h) No water proofing or heat insulation of roof etc. This concept could be true with the traditional constructions, but with advancement in construction methodology and development of new materials it is possible to save in cost without sacrificing the quality. It is only possible if one is abreast with the latest developments related to building technologies. The aim should be to optimize materials and control quality, use new and alternate materials, as a modern concept (Fig.2) A few of the useful suggestions for cost reduction are: i) Adoption of New/Latest Technologies A number of new technologies for study and cost effective construction are easy to adopt and can be used in the present day construction projects, such as: a) Use of Prefabrication - In building construction centering/shuttering (form work) come as a hurdle in the ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal
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