SANJEEVANI (PLANT DISEASE DETECTING PROTOTYPE)

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e ISSN: 2395 0056

SANJEEVANI (PLANT DISEASE DETECTING PROTOTYPE)

Varun.S. Kadam1, Yashas GV2 , V Jayanth 3, Mr. Bharath Kumar K R 4

123 Students, Department of Mechanical Engineering, K.S. Institute of Technology, Kanakapura Road, Bengaluru 560109. 4 Assistant Professor Mechanical Department, K.S. Institute of Technology, Kanakapura Road, Bengaluru 560109, Karnataka, India. ***

Abstract In the present life Plant disease causes considerable economic loss and are a threat for sustainable agriculture due to which production of quality crops is been hindered. A large number of agricultural workersandfarmers lose their lives as well as suffer from work accidents and harmful diseases every year. Majority of the disease is caused due to usage and exposure of dangerous pesticides and fertilizers during on field work. Due to the harmful nature of Pesticides, they cannot be neglected as they are the major inputs of the modern agricultural productionduetotheirhigh capability and trustworthiness for crop protection. However, majority of the farmers are unaware and lack certain knowledge on the usage of pesticides. The farmer tends to apply the pesticide for the entire field instead of applying for those plants which are infected, which leads to damage of the healthy crops. Hence in order to address these problems, we have come up with a prototype called "Sanjeevani". The main motto of our idea is to detect rate of infection in the plant and provide respective pesticide for the disease

Key Words: Image detection, Infection rate, Entomology, In housing, Disease Identification, Pesticides.

1. INTRODUCTION

Agriculture is the primary occupation of Indian villagers. From the advent of agriculture, there has been much mechanicalandchemicaladvancementthathasoccurredto improve the yield and help farmers tackle issues like agriculture and crop diseases. But there has been little to less digitization done in the field. With boom in the technology, there is hope for creating a digital system for agriculture which will help the farmers make informed decisionsabouthisfarmandhelphimtacklesomeundesired situationsinadvance.Thiswillhelptoincreasethequalityof crops and will also be beneficial for the farmers. Early detectionofdiseaseswhichisagreatchallengeinthefieldof agriculture. An earlier large team of experts are called to chalkoutthediseasesoranyharmwhichoccurredtoplants, even this practice is not known to every farmer and thereforetheexpertschargehighandconsumesmuchtime. Wheretheautomaticdetectionismorebeneficialthanthis long process of observations by the experts, automation techniqueofthediseasedetectionwheretheresultcomes outtojustmonitoringthechangeintheplantleavesmakesit cheap and accurate, thus image processing technology for

theearlydetectionofdiseaseswhichoccurredtoplantswill beknowntothefarmeratanearlystageandcansavethe restofhiscropsfromdamage.

1.1 OBJECTIVES & PROBLEM SOLVING

FarmersofIndiaarefacingproblemsregardinginfectionof cropsandalsoduringpesticidesprayingwhichcanbetoxic tothem,henceinordertoaddresstheseproblemswecame up with an idea called"Sanjeevani".Themain goal of our ideais to detect rate of infection in the plant and provide respective pesticides for the disease. To achieve this our teamhascomeupwithanactionplantoscopeourideaby makingaroverwhichcanmovethroughanagriculturalfield andidentifytheinfectedplant,takeitsphotoandsenditto the expertise panel through the application where they analyzetheproblemandsuggestrespectivepesticidestothe farmers.

METHODOLOGY

Sanjeevaniisourprototypewhichautomaticallytakesthe imagesoftheplantsinthefarmatdifferentanglesandthen sends that data to the app automatically for disease identification, to obtain solution for that problem and another function of this prototype is that it is capable of sprayingpesticidesautomatically.Theimageoftheplantcan also betaken through manual method with the SanjeevaniApp,themethodologiesareasfollows;

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Theprototypecollectsimagesoftheinfectedplants from the agricultural land by passing above the plantwiththehelpofthecameraattachedtoit.

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International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e ISSN: 2395 0056

Volume: 09 Issue: 06 | Jun 2022 www.irjet.net p ISSN: 2395 0072

 Theimagescollectedarestoredasdatainsideandis sent to the application developed by team Sanjeevani.

 After reaching the application the images are compared with the previously collected /stored referencepicturesusingMachineLearningPatterns.

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Oncetheimagesarematcheditlistsoutthedisease and provides the user with the appropriate pesticidetobeusedtotreattheaffectedplant.

 Duringcomplexidentification,theapplicationsends the images to the Expertise Panel who study the imagesandgivethesolutionstotheaffectedplant afteranalysis.

 Panel Sanjeevani will look over the issue and provide the farmer with respective chemical composition of pesticides to be applied to the affectedplant.

 Theprototypecarriespesticidesintanksandwill sprayitovertheinfectedsetofcropsthroughpump mechanismwiththehelpofnozzlesattachedatthe endoftheprototype.

 The Sanjeevani application will eventually form a platformwherethefarmercanfindhisrespective pesticides by receiving the nearest pesticide supplier location, from where he can order his requirementathisdoorsteps.

JUDICIOUS USE OF COMPONENTS

ElectricComponents

MSP432

P401R MICRO CONTROLLER

Theyarelowpowerconsuminghighperformancedelivering micro controller.

MSP432 has a total of 10 GPIO (General purpose Input/ Output)ports.

GPIO pins and ports allow micro controller to make an interfacewithallkindofexternaldevices.

GPIOpinsonmicro controllersarebrokenoutintoheader pinswhichallowstheusertoconnectexternalwires.

ULTRASONIC SENSOR HC SR04

Theyareusedtodetectthepresenceofanyobstaclecoming across their pathorat their respectivefrequencies,asthe ultrasonic frequency increases the attenuation increases. Thus,lowfrequencysensors(30 80KHz)aremoreeffective forlongrange,whilehighfrequencysensorsareeffectivefor shortrange.

L298 N DRIVER MODULE

It is a controller that makes use of a H bridge to easily controlthedirectionaswellasthespeedoftwoDCmotors.

Here the L298 N driver module id used to control the JohnsonDC100rpmmotorwhichmovestheprototype.

BATTERY SUPPLY

TopowertheprototypeEXIDE12Voltsrechargeablebattery isused,sinceitisrechargeable,wehavesourceditupwith Solarpanelshencegivingsignificancetorenewableenergy, thespecificationsofthesolarpanelis3watt 10voltcapacity.

SERVO MOTOR MG995

ServomotorMG995isusedheretogetaprecisemovement foreasyrotationofthecameraaroundthedesiredcrop,due tothisconvenientmotionweweresuccessfulinobtaining imagesoftheplantinthevariousangles.

Movementrangeof180degreessatisfiestherequirementto captureimagesoftheplantatmultiplelocations.

Duetotheclosedloopsystem,wegetpreciserotation.Motor canbecontrolledbyPWM(Pulse widthModulation)signals.

Thetorquegeneratingcapacityaround9Kg cmissufficient enough to support both rotating bar and the attached camera.

DCMOTOR

JohnsonDC100rpmmotor

Lowrevolutionsperminutewithhighloadcarryingcapacity.

MechanicalComponents

MovementWheels&StepperMotorWheelswhicharethe crucialcomponentswhichallowstheprototypemove.These wheels are detachable and any sort of wheels can be attacheddependingonthetypeoflandtheprototypeshould travelin.Thereare2dummywheelsattachedinthefront.

Wooden plank is used which creates space for the installation of the electric components, connections, pesticidestoragetankandthespraynozzle.

Support beamlegs(vertical &horizontal)anda divergent nozzleusedtospraypesticides.

© 2022, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.529 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page1572

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e ISSN: 2395 0056

Volume: 09 Issue: 06 | Jun 2022 www.irjet.net p ISSN: 2395 0072

the user in the form of a report where he will be suggested to apply the mentioned pesticides its usage along with its chemical composition which makesitconvenientfortheusertotakegoodcareof hisplants.

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For further upgradation we will also have an ExpertisePanelwhostudiestheimagesandgivethe solutionstotheaffectedplantafteranalysis.

TheJohnsonmotorattachedtothewheelsrunsat 100rpmwhichhelpstheprototypemoves.

WORKING

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SanjeevaniPrototype

75% of Indian population is dependent on Agricultural occupation. We find farmers as our prime users for the platform and getting the Pesticide suppliers onboard would make our potentialcustomer.

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Theusercangetanotheradvantageof gettinghis farmandplantsfertilizedasourprototypecarries pesticidesintanksandspraysit overtheinfected setofcropsthroughpumpmechanismwiththehelp ofnozzlesattachedattheendoftheprototype.

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Thepesticidesprayerspraysthesuitablepesticides automaticallyupondetectingtheinfectedleaves.

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Toaddressthisissue,theproposedprototypewill bedeployedintheagriculturalfields.

 As the prototype moves over the plant there is a main concern of the crop’s height, hence the upgradationofthebeamswillbemadecompletely hydraulicwhichwilladjusttheheightaccordingly tothatoftheplant.

 The prototype moves in the agricultural terrain withsuitablewheelsandplacesitselfinsuchaway thatclearpicturesoftheplantcanbetaken.

 This can be achieved by the HCSR04 Ultrasonic sensorslocatedatthebottomsupportbeamwhich helpsindetectingtheobstaclewhichistheplantin thiscaseandstopsthemovementofthewheelsdue tothedevelopedprogram.

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When the motion stops, the MG995 servo motor withattachedbarholdingthecameragetsactuated and rotates complete 180 degrees to capture variousangularpicturesoftheplant.

 The camera capturing timings is set to certain intervalsandcapturestheinfectedpartorleavesof theplants.

 These images are transmitted to the computer softwarethroughFTP(FileTransferprotocol).

 Theseimagesarenothingbutthediseasedleavesof theplantwhichwillbecomparedwiththereference images stored in the system. Later when the analysisisdonethecureforthediseaseisgivento

The prototype with the help of its software identifies the infection rate and suggests the respectivepesticides.

DESIGN INNOVATION



Aninnovativecameraholdingsetupisimplemented suchthatitcapturesimagesofthecropsatdifferent angleseventuallycoveringallsidesoftheplant. 

Usage of proper wheel bracket for proper movementoftheprototype. 

Johnson100rpmmotorisusedwhichcarriesheavy load. 

TheServomotorusedwillgenerate9Kg cmtorque androtatestheentirecamerasetup. 

Theroverhasacapacitytoanalyseinfectionrateat therateof30crops/10min. 

Theprototypecomprisesofvarioustaskperforming capabilities,someofourcutting edgetechnologies employedareuniqueangleofimagecapturinghigh efficientimagerecognitionandprocessing 

Theprototypeiscapableofmulti terrain movement. 

We are making use ofpython as programming languageasitconsistsofhugenumberofmodules therebyaddingnewfeatureiseasier 

Open cv will give access tomore than 2500 state oftheartandclassicalalgorithmduetowhichwe areusingforimageanalysis.

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e ISSN: 2395 0056

Volume: 09 Issue: 06 | Jun 2022 www.irjet.net p ISSN: 2395 0072

SERVICE Aswearein thegrowth phaseitwillbe onrentalbasis

Servicedependsonthe person(technical) knowledge.

3DModeloftheprototype

ECONOMICAL IMPLEMENTATIONOFTHEPRODUCT

• Useoffasteners,sheetmetals,reducesfabrication cost.

• Componentscanbesourcedfromlocaldealer

• Inhousedevelopment ofthe programreducesout sourcing

• ProcurementofcomponentsfromTier 2orTier 3 manufacturersreducesthecomponentcost

PRODUCT DIFFERENCIATION WITH KEY FACTORS

FACTORS SANJEEVANI EXISTINGPRODUCT (MOBILE APPLICATION)

AUTOMATED

ACCURACY

Ourproductis semi automated

Eachandevery plantis scanned& detectedfor diseases. Accuracyrateis 60%

TIME Asitis automated,it consumesless time

Requireshuman interventionforevery action

Noteveryplantis detectedfordiseases

Severalresearcherssuggesttheoptimaluseofpesticidesand solutions found technically resembling our concept, thereforewehavecomeupwithauniqueideathatidentifies theinfectionrateintheplantandlistsdowntherespective pesticides in a report format. This shows our competitiveness. Forfeasibilityofcapturingtheimageofthe wholeplantwehavedesignedthepositioningofthecamera insuchawaythattheplantfallunderthemovingprototype whichmakesitconvenienttoobtainperfectphotosofthe infected area of the plant. These images are sent through FTP.

KEY FACTORS

Fastandaccurateidentificationofinfectionratein theplant. 

Farmers,expertpanelandpesticidesuppliersinthe agriculturalecosystemcanreacheachothereasily throughasingleplatform. 

Revenuemodeldesignedinsuchawaythatthereis nocostdeductionfromthefarmers.

PHASES OF SANJEEVANI

Phase I: PROTOTYPEVERSION

In the early stage, the design consisted of the prototype and the software platform for image analysisandpesticidesspraying. 

Inthisproposedworkthecameraattachedwiththe prototypetakesimagesoftheplantsautomatically andthisdatawillbesenttothelaptopforanalysis throughoursoftware. 

Rateofinfectionisgeneratedintheformofreport onthebasisofanalysis.

Asitisbasedonhuman interventionitrequires muchtimetocapture eachplantfordisease detection

RELIABLE Customercan easilyrelayon ourproduct

Relativelyreliable

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e ISSN: 2395 0056

Transferofthephotostothelaptopwheretheanalysisgets initiated.

leaf5.jpg 6.987 leaf6.jpg 61.39 leaf7.png 2.892

The nozzle used for spraying of the pesticides to the respectiveplants.

Componentsusedasperrequirement

CONSTRUCTION OF THE PROTOTYPE

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Tobuildtheframesoftheprototypewehavemade useofCR(Coldrolled)Steelduetoitshightensile strengthwhichmakesiteasyofittomoveonany agriculturalterrain.

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Inthefabricationpartoftheprototypearcwelding is used for the convenient mounting of the DC motorsandotherequipment.Thearcweldinghelps theprototypetowithstandhighloadcapacity.

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TherearwheelsarefixedwheelsrunbyDCmotors andcanbealteredaccordingtotheterrain.

SANJEEVANI REPORT ANALYSIS

ImageFile InfectionRate leaf1.jpg 1.571 leaf2.jpg 56.75 leaf3.jpg 70.15 leaf4.jpg 9.696

leaf2.jpg leaf4.jpg Leaf5 jpg

leaf6.jpg

YOUR CROPS ARE INFECTED AND ITS TIME TO TAKE PREVENTIVEMEASURES.AVERAGERATEOFINFECTIONIS 29.92%,THANKYOUFORUSINGSANJEEVANI. leaf7.pngleaf1.jpg leaf3.jpg

IMAGE ANALYSIS

Anoverviewoftheinfectionratedisplayintheapplication onthelaptop.

Sl.no1.Imagename:leaf1.jpg Percentage_of_Infection_rate:1.57136105860 11342

Sl.no2.Imagename:leaf2.jpg Percentage_of_Infection_rate:56.7567567567567 6

Sl.no3.Imagename:leaf3.jpg Percentage_of_Infection_rate:70.1599450495535 3

Sl.no4.Imagename:leaf4.jpg Percentage_of_Infection_rate:9.69607740035755 6

Sl.no5.Imagename:leaf5.jpg Percentage_of_Infection_rate:6.98757763975155 3

Sl.no6.Imagename:leaf6.jpg Percentage_of_Infection_rate:61.3984674329501 9

Sl.no7.Imagename:leaf7.png Percentage_of_Infection_rate:2.89244570974576 25

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CONCLUSION

BeingMechanicalEngineers,wehavepushedourlimitsdeep in analyzing and learning programming, we have tried to eliminatetheusageofelectronicchipsfordatatransmission as we found an alternate method for it through laptop in wirelessmode. Finetuning theRGBof the pixelsin image and masking the disturbances and organizing the data in tabulated format by representing the same in graphical interpretation.Leafdiseasedetectionisachievedwithhigh success rate through image processing techniques, all the aboveproceduresandmethodsusedfortheprocessproves thatthisis the solutionfor smartagriculture. Thissystem hasthepotentialtohelptheuserincreasehiscropyieldby simultaneously maintaining his plants. Firstly, using this systemyoungfarmerscanquicklyacquirepracticalfarming knowledgeandthenusingthecollectedimagesandreferring to the previously stored image through image processing increasesconveniencealong withthe number ofpotential applications.Thissimpleyetinnovativedesignalsoenables experiencedolderfarmerstooperatethesystemeasilyand provides useful informed suggestions. The developed prototypeandsystemcanplayasignificantroleinsolving theNation’sagriculturalproblems.

REFERENCES

[1] Apeksha Thorat, Sngeeta Kumari, Nanda Kishore D. Valakunde Computer Engineering Dept, Vishwakarma InstituteofTechnology,PuneIndia.Dec20 22,2017

[2] Gwo Jiun Horng, Member, IEEE, Min Xiang Liu, and Chao ChunChen,Member,IEEE NationalCheng Kung University,Taiwan

[3] Vijai Singh, Varsha, Prof. A K Misra, “Detection of unhealthyregionofplantleavesusingImageProcessing andGeneticAlgorithm”,2015InternationalConference onAdvancesinComputerEngineeringandApplications (ICACEA)IMSEngineeringCollege,Ghaziabad,India.

[4] SudeepMarwaha,SubhashChand,ArjitShaha,“Disease diagnosisinCropsusingContentbasedimageretrieval”, Intelligent Systems Design and Applications (ISDA), 201212thInternationalConferenceon27 29Nov.2012, IEEE,Kochi,India.

[5] SachinD. Khirade,A.B. Patil,“PlantDiseasedetection usingImageProcessing”,2015InternationalConference onComputingCommunicationControlandAutomation.

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