International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) Volume: 09 Issue: 06 | June 2022 www.irjet.net
e-ISSN: 2395-0056 p-ISSN: 2395-0072
DESIGN OF LOW-COST FILTER MEDIA Sandesh Kedar1, Shubhangi Bodke2, Ajay Tawale3, Saurabh Singh Yadav4, Prof. Rachana K. Vaidya5 1,2,3,4 UG
Student, Department of Civil Engineering, Alard College of Engineering and Management, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune India 5Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Alard College of Engineering and Management, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune India
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ABSTRACT: Purification has always been a necessity
anthracite coal, bituminous coal, crushed coconut shells, and so on, is a method of capping. Capping entails removing a portion of the sand and replacing it with appropriate caps. Although inferior to the originally intended dual media filter, this enhanced filter outperforms ordinary Rapid Sand Filters in terms of both filtration rate and total filter run. The purpose of the proposed research was to evaluate the utilization of coconut shells as capping material. Several huge water storage tanks have been constructed across Pune. Thousands of people could become ill if contaminants get into these tanks. The public is expected to tidy up the area around the tanks
since the dawn of humanity. Purification is important for decreasing the risk of toxins from recharging runoff rainwater and avoiding numerous ailments. As a result, the national and state governments in India are developing water treatment plants to provide society with adequate and safe drinking water. Rapid sand filters are commonly used in India to remove suspended and colloidal particles from water in the filtering process at a faster rate by laying down separate sand beds. The usage of a sand filter as a technique is taken into consideration. In industry, it is often used to remove impurities from water and wastewater treatment. The filtration process degrades at the beginning and end, affecting the initial quality of the filtrate following backwashing. Filter to waste, delay start, sluggish start, and filter conditioning by coagulant during backwashing are all examples of waste to cope with initial filtrate quality problems. In addition, the use of coconut shells in filtration serves as a dual media filter. Designing a 'Dual media filter covered with crushed coconut shells' is more efficient, cost-effective, and long-lasting. It increases the filter's performance in terms of high filtration rate, increased filter run, reduced backwashing requirements, and high turbidity removal, making it more suitable for a variety of applications.
Although humans drink a lot of fresh water, some of it includes disease vectors or viruses that might create long-term health concerns if they don't fulfill specific water quality standards. There is a significant gap in the availability of drinkable water as of 2006 (and for at least three decades prior), owing mostly to overpopulation in less developed countries. In the year 2000, 37 percent of the population in developing countries lacked access to safe drinking water. The consequences of disease spread are significant. Water quality standards exist in several countries for water sold as drinking water.
Keywords: Water quality, Water quantity, Filtering
II. MATERIALS
I. INTRODUCTION
A. Gravel: Gravel of size 10 to 20 mm has been used in a filter. The depth of the gravel layer in the filtration unit is 6cm.
process, Filter technology, Media filter, Cost-effective
In the purification of surface water supplies, rapid sand filters are often utilized. To allow for operating flexibility, the filter area is separated into at least two independent components. Raw water normally requires some sort of pre-treatment, such as sedimentation. Due to rising demand, most traditional water treatment plants are overburdened, highlighting the need for a higher filtration rate. Rapid sand filters have limits that can be overcome by dual media and multimedia filters. Higher filtering rates, on the other hand, are possible. However, in India, the application of such approaches is limited due to the scarcity of filter materials other than sand. Capping existing rapid sand filters is a viable approach to enhancing rapid sand filter performance. Covering the filtering medium with appropriate caps, such as © 2022, IRJET
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Impact Factor value: 7.529
B. Sand: Sand of sizes 300micron, 600micron, and 3 to 6 mm is used in a filter at the base. The depth of all three sand layers that were maintained in the filtration unit is 5cm respectively. C. Coconut Shells: Crushed coconut shells having a size of 5 to 20 mm were used as capping media above the gravel layer. The depth of the coconut shell layer in the filtration unit was 7cm. D. Coconut shell charcoal: Charcoal obtained from burnt coconut shells was used in the filter unit. The size of the charcoal was 1mm. It is laid above a sand layer to a depth of 5cm. |
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