International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) Volume: 09 Issue: 06 | Jun 2022
www.irjet.net
e-ISSN: 2395-0056 p-ISSN: 2395-0072
Dual Axis Solar Tracking PV System using Arduino UNO Goutam Barma1, P. Uday kiran2, B. Balaram3,G. Vamshi krishna4 1Assistant
professor at ACE Engineering College, Dept of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Telangana, India of ACE Engineering College, Dept of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Telangana, India ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------motors, here we need two servo motors to move the panel Abstract – Sun is the major source of energy and there is 234Students
in both East-West direction and North-South direction, and a microcontroller to control the movement of the servomotor’s position on which the solar panel is mounted, here we use Arduino uno as the microcontroller, a closed loop is formed to control the position of the solar panel.
an abundant energy available, to utilize this energy we have solar power plants which converts light energy into electrical energy. The solar panels will produce more output if it is perpendicular to the sun rays. The objective of this project is to develop a working model of the Dual axis solar tracking system using an Arduino UNO which has a ATmega328P microcontroller as the controlling part of the system, this prototype has the ability to show the practical tracking of the sun through out in a day and in different seasons, as the sun’s path is not always in same path, it changes from season to season, this prototype employs four LDRs(light dependent resistors), two servo motors, a solar panel and a Arduino UNO board.
Power Supply Servo motor 1 Arduino uno
Key Words: Microcontroller, ATmega328P, Servo motors, LDR, Arduino UNO.
1. INTRODUCTION It can be observed that the conventional energy are sources are going to exhaust soon, the renewable resources are the best replacements for the fossil fuel resources, in which solar energy is the most favourable resource which has an abundant availability. The Photovoltaic(PV) systems are emerging now-a-days a lot, as a result the solar energy consumption is also increased by analyzing the consumption rate from last decades, in a PV system a PV module or a solar panel can generate more output when it is perpendicular to the sun’s beams, the output will also depend on the intensity of sun light.
Solar panel
Servo motor 2
LDR Sensors Fig-1: Block Diagram 2.1 LDR (Light Dependent Resistor) LDR is a photoresistor, also known as light dependent resistor, it is light sensitive device, when light falls on the LDR it’s resistance decreases. More the intensity of the light lesser the value of resistance of the materials inside the LDR which allows the current to pass through it fast.
To maintain the solar panel in a position that it is perpendicular to the sun rays throughout the day, a single axis solar tracker is enough, which track the sun's path in only one direction i.e, from east to west for a day. But sun doesn't follow the stationary path throughtout the year, it's path changes from season to season. So for tracking the sun in both east-west direction as well as in north-south direction a Dual axis solar tracker is introduced in this paper. A Dual axis solar tracker is a bit more efficient than the single axis solar trackers.
2. CONSTRUCTION AND WORKING The main components in construction of a Dual axis solar tracking are, the sensors to sense the light intensity, here we are using LDRs(light Dependent Resistors), the servo
© 2022, IRJET
|
Impact Factor value: 7.529
Fig-2: LDR
|
ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal
|
Page 888