International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 09 Issue: 06 | June 2022
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
Design and Fabrication of Solar Air Dryer Ajinkya Aurangabadkar BE (ME) forth SEM, St. Vincent Pallotti College of Engineering, Nagpur, India. ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------Abstract - The solar dryer uses solar energy to heat the 1.1 Solar Energy air and to dry the foodstuff which is extremely useful in reducing unwanted product and helps in drying the foodstuff. Considering the natural sun drying, for example: - exposing to direct sunlight, to guard the insects from the foodstuff and increase the time of drying, and to save lots of the value of the mechanical dryer, a solar dryer is therefore developed to beat for this limitation.
Solar energy may be a renewable, non-conventional and a free energy resource. It is one among the foremost reliable, efficient and effective non-conventional energy resource alternatives available. Solar energy in solar thermal is environmentally friendly. Numerous solar thermal uses of solar power are available; the drying process is one among the most important uses of solar thermal energy.
This project presents the design and construction of solar dryer for food preservation. within the dryer, the air from the copper tubes & ETC tubes was passed to the Drying cabinet, at an equivalent time the air gets heated while flowing through the tubes. Inside the drying cabinet the heated dries the merchandise placed on the drying trays. The results obtained during the test shows that the temperatures inside the drying cabinet and solar array was above the atmospheric temperature during the day light. The dryer helps to dry food products sooner to a required moisture level and it ensures a highest quality of the dried product.
1.2 Types of Solar Air Dryer The two main sorts of the dryers are indirect solar dryers and direct solar dryers. In the direct solar dryers, the merchandise is directly exposed to air and in indirect solar dryers the airflow is provided by using blower or fan operated by electricity or fossil fuel. Direct Solar Dryer- The item to be dried is exposed on to radiation through a transparent material that covers the structure. The heat generated from the solar power is employed to dry the crops or food items and also heats up the environment. The main disadvantage of using the direct mode is that the warmth which will be absorbed by the item can't be controlled.
Key Words: Solar Drying, Efficiency Comparison, Drying Rate.
1. INTRODUCTION
Indirect Solar Dryer- This method doesn't expose the crop on to the daylight. The radiation is absorbed and converted into heat by another surface (like a black top) usually called the collector. Air which will be used for drying is omitted this surface and gets heated, which is then wont to dry the food item inside the dryer. The main advantage of indirect mode of drying is that the temperatures are often controlled.
Agricultural and other products are dried by the sun and wind within the outdoors for thousands of years. The purpose is either to preserve them for later use, as is that the case with fruit; or as an integral a neighborhood of the assembly process, like timber, tobacco and laundering. Mechanized drying is faster than open-air drying, as it uses much less land and gives a better-quality product. But the equipment requires substantial quantities of fuel or electricity to work.
2. LITERATURE REVIEW Solar energy may be a renewable, non-conventional and a free energy resource. It is one among the foremost reliable, efficient and effective non-conventional energy resource alternatives available. The major disadvantage of solar power is that the lack of its availability in the least times i.e., unavailability during night; it's seasonal and varies from region to region. However, these problems are often solved by storing the energy when available excessively and utilizing it when the resource isn't available.
Drying is one among the simplest method to protect food products for while. The heat from the sun is used to dry food for storing for a long time. Drying is that the oldest preservation technique of agricultural products and it's an energy intensive process. Drying of agricultural products using renewable energy like solar power is environmental friendly and has less environmental impact. Solar fruit dryer are simple devices to heat fruit chips by utilizing solar energy and employed in many applications requiring low to moderate temperature below 80o. Drying processes is considered very important in the preservation of agricultural products.
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