International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 09 Issue: 05 | May 2022
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
Influences of the Formation of Cast Iron with Nodular Graphite Using Magnesium Treatment Processes Prasad Raul Dept. of Production Engineering, , D.J.Sanghvi Collage of Engineering, Mumbai, India. ---------------------------------------------------------------------***---------------------------------------------------------------------
Abstract - The magnesium role is significant for the development of tiny ball like structure (spheroids) of graphite in cast iron. The mechanical properties of casting materials not only found by the matrix alone but also metallurgical things(shape, type, and distribution) of the incorporated graphite. The incorporated graphite affected the material’s properties, due to nodular graphite formation and causing the notch effect. The purpose of this study how magnesium responsible to achieve nodular graphite in cast iron. From several theories, to discover the form nodular graphite-:Cementite theory, Austenite theory, Melt-theory, Bubble theory, and graphite-morphology. The introduction of magnesium into the melt is a plunging method and the section metallographic specimens were prepared by using Microscope Olympus with an integrated camera. Chemical composition analysis was conducted by using the Optical emission spectrometer SPECTROMAX.A photo of the microstructure. The spheroid graphite is surrounded by a bright ferrite matrix that encircles the graphite and dark pearlite. The properties of graphite have been shown to decrease as the quantity of magnesium increase. According to the findings, the smaller the graphite generated in nodular cast iron the higher the magnesium content. The size of the pearlite will increase, causing additional cementite to form. Nodular cast iron will grow stronger, harder and stiffer as a result. The sulfur content of the treated cast iron has been a critical criterion for evaluating the desulfurization process and the degree of magnesium assimilation.
Key Words: Bubble Theory, Desulfurization Process, Graphite-Morphology, Melt Theory, Nodular Graphite.
1. INTRODUCTION Crystal growth is one of the most measured problems in metal science. The problem in an iron formation is the graphite that arises in the melt. Sharp graphite flakes occur due to nodular graphite is present in an iron carbon alloy, creating stress concentration in the metal matrix. Many technologies for producing iron with nodular graphite developed have been explored to improve flexibility. According to specific research, rapid cooling and super © 2022, IRJET
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cooling are additional criteria for nodular graphite production. Magnesium nodular graphite was created in hug casting (Up to 10 tons) in green sand moulds using alloyed irons containing 0.05 percent. In which eutectic crystallization occurs for at least 5 hours. The drop in crystallization temperature should not be confused with super cooling, which is required to generate nodular graphite. The microstructure of flake graphite, which becomes nodular graphite in iron alloyed with magnesium [2]. Carbon monoxide - CO and magnesium efficiently react with oxygen – is the gas that leads to the production of nodular graphite in ductile cast iron [8]. Vacuum is formed in several locations of the liquid iron when two gaseous entities form two solid bodies with high strength and melting point [8]. The initial magnesium bubbles shrank from 2 mm to 2–3 m, and graphite growth occurred from the periphery to the center [2]. When ductile irons are inoculated with magnesium, bubble production of graphite nodular shaped inclusions occurs [8]. The research focuses on the behavior of magnesium in the melt during the production of cast iron with nodular graphite.
2. MATERIALS AND EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE 2.1. Metallurgical and Material Reagent The Matrix of EN-GJS-500 consists of a mixture of pearlite and ferrite. The melt can differ within a component depending on wall thickness and cooling rate, leading to variations in the hardness of the material Table.1. Shows the chemical composition of the cast iron starting components Iron designatio n
C
Si
Mn
P
S
Mg
A
3.65
2.20
0.30
0.035
0.003
0.030
B
3.85
2.16
0.13
0.058
0.028
….
C
4.48
0.68
0.12
0.057
0.001
…..
Table.1.Chemical composition of starting material of cast iron used, Mass% [3] ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal
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