Industry 5.0 Revolution towards an Imminent Future Driven Society

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e ISSN: 2395 0056

Volume: 09 Issue: 05 | May 2022 www.irjet.net p ISSN: 2395 0072

Industry 5.0 Revolution towards an Imminent Future Driven Society

1 Assistant Professor, S J College, Jaipur

2

2 Assistant Professor, Sir Padampat Singhania University, Udaipur ***

Abstract - TheIndustry5.0systemisanalogoustoasystem in which machines provide services and communicate information with products in real time. It offers numerous capabilitiesthataidinanysystem'sautomation,monitoring, and diagnostics. It is a process for transitioning from dominatingmachineproductiontodigitalmanufacturing.The Industry 5.0 standard must be thoroughly understood to achieveasuccessfultransformation,andadetailedroadmap mustbedevelopedandimplemented.Severalapproachesand conversationsarenowunderwaytoproduceroadmaps,some of which are discussed in this paper. Evaluating Industry 5.0 components and features is critical for defining the fundamental pillars of a concrete future manufacturing environment as well as a specific ranking position in India. Thisstudyaimstodescribe,examine,andcomparesomeofthe most promising existing methodologies for calculating nationalIndustry5.0readiness.

Key Words: Augmented reality and simulation, IoT, CII, CloudComputing,GCI.

1. INTRODUCTION

Every moment in the world is changing so quickly due to human activity. The entire manufacturing and production flora and fauna are through a tremendous change with currentmodificationsintechnicaladvancements(Bagetal., 2021). The necessity to recognize and use modern manufacturingmechanismshasbecomeurgent.Thephrase 'Industry4.0'referstoasmartmechanisminwhichsmart digital devices are networked and communicate with raw materials,work in processitems,finishedgoods,machines, tools, techniques, automation, and robots (Chauhan et al., 2021; Esmaeilian et al., 2020). According to (Giovanni & Cariola, 2020), this industry is distinguished by its adaptability,efficientresourceutilization,andintegrationof customersandbusinesspartnersintothebusinessprocess. Industry 5.0 has proven its importance and necessity in several fields of human endeavor in recent times. Automation, machine learning, and deep learning are essential drivers of numerous technological innovations gaining traction in every area. Furthermore, the Japanese havetakenthisambitionfurtherbyincludingSociety5.0in the 5th Science and Technology Basic Plan. It is a human centred civilization that combines economic growth with socialproblemsolvingthroughasystemthatblendsonline and physical space. The evolution of society has been classified as a hunting society, an agricultural society, an

industrialsociety,aninformationsociety,andasuper smart society(Guptaetal.,2021;Kumar&Dadhich,2014).

Smallandmedium sizedfirms(SMEs)arethebackboneof the economy in many nations since they generate jobs, convert goods and services, and ultimately contribute significantly to GDP (Dadhich, 2017a; Industry & What, 2016). The current industrial expansion has lasted many decades, and weare nowlivingin the age of Industry 5.0. GermansfirstproposedtheconceptofIndustry5.0in2011 (seefigure1).(Giovanni&Cariola,2020)discoveredthatthe firstindustrialrevolutionbeganinthelatterhalfofthe18th century.Thisreformwasdistinguishedbytheautomationof strandedmachineryandtheuseofsteampower.Thesecond phase, which began in the early twentieth century, is distinguishedbygrouplaborproductionbasedonelectrical energy.Thethirdstageoftherevolutionbeganinthe1970s, withthedefiningtraitsofscheduled productionashorein new internet related technology. Eventually, Industry 5.0 will includecharacteristicssuchasCyber Physical System production, which is based on big data and knowledge transformation(Dadhich,2017b;Guptaetal.,2021).Inthe recentpast,Industry5.0hasbeenassociatedwithbasketsof technologies and related patterns, such as real time manufacturing,IoT,augmentedreality,simulation,andsocial productadvancement(Kambleetal.,2018).

The current study fills the gaps by thoroughly reviewing researchpublicationsfromvariousjournalsandconferences ontheissueofIndustry5.0,makingiteasierforenterprises to prepare for the future. Organizational structure and procedure strengthen the favorable association between Industry 5.0 and IT adoption. Several studies have shown thattheexpansionofsustainablecorporateperformanceis dependentoninnovation,andIndustry5.0isoneofthem. Industry 5.0 elements are heavily influenced by modern conceptssuchasbigdata,automation,virtualreality,theAI ML DL,IoTandsmartfactories(Kannan,2021).

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usingnewtechniquesandmeansofIndustry5.0todealwith theglobalmeltdown.

4. OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

TheprimarygoalofthisresearchistoinvestigateIndustry 5.0 techniques to increase economic growth following a pandemic.Theresearchreportalsodivesintoanalyzingand summarizing readiness indices to reach a relevant conclusionwithanimportantguidelineforthedevelopment offurtheranalyses,namely,howIndustry5.0canalterthe economicgameplan.Thisworkalsoseekstointegratethe availableliteraturereviewsonthetopicandprovidethemin awaythatresearchersandacademicsmayfocuson,develop theirexpertiseonthetopic,andrecommendopportunities forfutureresearch

5. MAJOR COMPONENTS OF INDUSTRY 5.0

Fig 1:PhasesofIndustry5.0(Kannan,2021)

2. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Thecurrentstudyisatheoreticalmodalbasedonsubstantial investigation using only secondary sources of knowledge. Journals, periodicals, annual reports, white papers, and novels are among the sources. The primary methodology employedinthisessayisthatofliteraryanalysis.

3. RATIONALE OF THE STUDY

The economic ramifications of the epidemic are already havinganenormousimpactontheworld.Itistooearlyto predict how much worldwide economic damage Covid 19 willcauseinthecurrentsetting.Themomentumhasbegun insocialdistance,quarantine,lockdown,andworkingfrom home, but it will undoubtedly impede regular corporate growth on a vast scale (Kiraz et al., 2020; Kumar Naresh, Dadhich Manish, 2014). According to OECD estimates, the lockoutwilldirectlyimpactindustriesaccountingforupto one third of GDP in the main nations. Each month of containment will result in a 2% drop in the annual Gross Domestic Product. The tourism industry alone has seen a massivedrop,andmanyeconomiesaresensingthelooming recession. This is unavoidable, and there is a need to continue fighting the pandemic as international organizationsworktorestoreeconomicnormalcyasquickly aspossible.'Comingeventscasttheirshadowbeforethem' appearstobetrueinthecurrentglobalcrisesresultingfrom thispandemicoccurrence.Everybusinesswillexperiencea severebreakdown,particularlyretailandwholesaletrade, real estate services, automobiles, airlines, service sectors, agriculture,andassociatedbusinesses(Chauhanetal.,2021; da Silva Rabêlo & de Azevedo Melo, 2019; Dadhich et al., 2020).Asaresult,anoptimalsolutionmustbefoundusing well defined problems and their repercussions. It is also importanttoconsidertheconsequencesofthisepidemicby

TheprimarygoalofthisresearchistoinvestigateIndustry 5.0 techniques to increase economic growth following a pandemic.Theresearchreportalsodivesintoanalyzingand summarizing readiness indices to reach a relevant conclusionwithanimportantguidelineforthedevelopment offurtheranalyses,namely,howIndustry5.0canalterthe economicgameplan.Thisworkalsoseekstointegratethe availableliteraturereviewsonthetopicandprovidethemin awaythatresearchersandacademicsmayfocuson,develop theirexpertiseonthetopic,andrecommendopportunities forfutureresearch.

5.1 Big Data

Big data is the data that is generated continually by everything in the current context. Every digital operation andsocialmediainteractiongeneratesamassiveamountof data.These data aretransmitted bysystems,sensors,and mobiledevicesovera cloud basednetwork infrastructure (Naresh Kumar, 2016). Big data is pouring in from all directions at breakneck speed, volume, and variety. To extract real value from big data, adequate processing capacity,analyticscapabilities,andinformationmanagement skillsarerequired.

5.2 Smart Factories

Smart manufacturing aims to optimize production and product interactions by shifting from old methods to digitizedandautonomoussystems.Whenmanufacturingis defined as the multi phased process of making a product fromrawmaterials,smartmanufacturingisthesubsetthat usescomputercontrolandhighlevelsofadaptabilitytodo so.Itintendstousemoderninformationandmanufacturing technologiestoenablephysicalprocessflexibilitytofunction inahighlydynamicandglobalmarket(Dadhichetal.,2019). ThepurposeofaSmartFactoryistodevelopfullyflexible productionatthefastestpossiblespeed,whichnecessitates

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acomprehensivetransformationfromtraditionalmethods toinnovativetechnologies.

5.3 Cloud Computing

Thecloudisutilizedforvariouspurposes,includingremote services,colormanagement,andperformanceevaluation.It has captured the attention of the information technology community, and its influence in other business areas will only rise. As technology advances, machines, data management,andfunctionalitywillcontinuetomigratefrom traditional ways to cloud based solutions (Bortolini et al., 2016; Dadhich, 2017a; Esmaeilian et al., 2020). The cloud enablesconsiderablyfasterthanstandalonesystemdelivery, quick updates, up to date performance models, and other delivery choices. The sector has experienced a significant shift toward using cloud solutions, which will continue to increaseandchallengeexistingdatastoragemethods.Cloud technologyisthemostbasiconlinestorageservice,offering operationalsimplicitythroughweb basedappsthatdonot require installation (Industry & What, 2016). Cloud computing lowers costs, decreases infrastructure complexity, expands the work area, safeguards data, and enablesinstantaccesstoinformation.Thesystemprimarily usesfourtypesofclouds:publiccloud,privatecloud,hybrid cloud,andcommunitycloud(Dadhichetal.,2022).

5.4 Machine to machine (M2M) Communication

Itreferstocontinuouscommunicationbetweendevicesvia any channel, wired or wireless. Machine to machine communication can include industrial instrumentation, which allows a sensor to exchange data with application software (Esmaeilian et al., 2020; Rakesh Kumar Birda & Manish Dadhich, 2019). This type of communication was performed by having a distributed network of equipment transmitdatabacktoaninnermosthubforanalysis,which was then diverted to a personal computer. M2M is a technology that enables businesses to establish wireless connectivitybetweendatacentresandequipment.

5.5 Internet of things (IoT)

The network is made up of physical devices, vehicles, and structures embedded with electronics, software, sensors, actuators,andnetworkconnectivity,allowingtheseitemsto facilitate and transform data. It has four key layers: Perception Layer, Network Layer, Support Layer, and ApplicationLayer(Chaârietal.,2016;Dadhichetal.,2021). IoTandIndustry5.0areconceptsthatarecloselyrelated. Moreeffectiveworkingenvironmentsaregeneratedbecause IoT enabledmanufacturingsystemsarelinkedtoweb based technologies.Thisalsoencouragesmajorstandardstoplaya role in creating new optimizations and tactics. ManufacturingsystemsbasedonIoTproducequicker,more optimistic,andfasterdecisionsthanthoseofcompetitors.

5.6 Autonomous Robots

They are utilized to automate production procedures in various industries and are powered by the concept of the Internet of Things. This allows gadgets and computers to communicate with one another. The autonomous mobile machinecantransferresourcesacrosstheproductionfloor while avoiding obstacles, sharing with fleet mates, and identifying pickups and drop offs in real time (Kannan, 2021).Robotactionscanbecoordinatedandautomatedby connectingtoacentralserverordatabase,distinguishingit fromthehumaninterface.Theycancompletejobsquickly andintelligentlywithlittlehumanintervention(Kirazetal., 2020).

5.7 Augmented Reality and Simulation

ARisatypeofrealityinwhichlivedirectorindirectviewsof actual real world environments are augmented with computer generated pictures. This technology underpins Industry 5.0 applications. The actual operations and simulation industries collaborated to create this new technology, which is critical to the industrial civilization. These strategies are extremely useful, particularly for designingproductsandmanufacturingsystems.Augmented realityisoneofthecutting edgetechnologiesincludedinthe Industry 5.0 movement, particularly in developing smart manufacturing functions. There have been some AR applications,primarilyinthefollowingfields.

5.8 Cyber physical systems (CPS)

Integrating digital and physical processes is a critical componentofIndustry5.0implementations.Theyinclude imagingandcontrolcapabilitiesinappropriatesystems.The ability of these systems to respond to any feedback generated is critical. They provide fast control and verificationofprocessfeedbacktoproducepredictedresults (Gupta et al., 2021). In general, a typical CPS in manufacturingmayfulfilthefollowingduties.

•Processcontrol.

•Usefulinvariousdisciplines,contributingtodevelopinga large scalesystem.

•Integratingseveraldisciplinesinvariousfields.

•Dealingwitheffectivereliability.

5.9 Intelligent robotics

Robotscannowexecuteanywork,navigateanyterrain,and make decisions in the face of uncertainty. Recent advancementshaveresultedinstrategiesthatallowrobots to manage their surroundings. Artificial intelligence will contributetotheadvancementofrobotteamsworkingand collaborating to complete certain tasks assigned for a

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specific destination. Some research is being conducted to promote robots, which can be useful in assisting with effective digital transformation (Kamble et al., 2018). Industry5.0ispredictedtoprovidenumerousbenefits,some ofwhichareasfollows:

•Increasedabilitytoinnovate.

•Simplesystemmultifunctiondiagnosticmonitoring.

•Highproductivityusingecologicallyfriendlyproducts.

•Increasedflexibilityatalowercost.

•Acceleratedproductdevelopmentwithnewbusinessand servicemodels.

• Decision making that is unbiased, real time, and knowledge based.

•Nationalinvolvementincontributingtotheeconomy.

6. STEPS TO MAKE INDIA A LEADING MANUFACTURING HUB

Indiaisonthevergeofmassivereformsandisontrackto becometheworld'sthird largesteconomyby2030.Witha tech savvy and educated population, skilled workforce, a strong legal and intellectual property environment, and a strong commitment to controlled liberalization, India is a locationthatglobalinvestorscannotaffordtoneglect.From initial industrialization and the license system to liberalization and the current phase of global competitiveness, India's manufacturing segment has gone through various stages. Today, Indian manufacturing enterprises in various areas are expanding into global markets and becoming formidable global competitors (Sharma & Dadhich, 2014). Many are already among the most competitive in their respective industries. When it comestotheautomobilesector,theequipmentmakers,the government, and the customer all play important roles in definingtheindustry.Thefollowingareafewopportunities forIndiaintheFourthIndustrialRevolution:

6.1 Manufacturing Sector

Themanufacturingsectorcomprisesallareasofproduction andhumanresourcemanagement. Therevolutionfocuses primarily on productivity, producing with high accuracy using advanced machinery, and reducing production damage, time consumption, and human labor to a larger extent.ManufacturingprocessesaregivenpriorityinIndia duetotheirgreatercontributiontoGDP(ManishDadhich, ManvinderSinghPahwa,VipinJain,2021).

6.2 Health-Medical Sector

In today's world, the medical profession is equipped with cutting edgetechnologythatisutilizedtotreatawiderange of life threatening ailments. Damaged tissue, for example,

can be replicated using nanotechnology (Costa & Peixoto, 2020). Artificial Stimulated Cells, 3D printed Artificial Organs, Smart Inhalers, Precision Medicines, Health Wearables, and other recent medical advances include RoboticSurgeries,WirelessBrainSensors,andmore.

6.3 Transportation Sector

InemergingcountriessuchasIndia,transportationispoorly structured and unsafe. There is a significant possibility of improvingthetransportationsystemusingAlandIoT,such asoptimaltraffic,wheretheAIanalysestrafficpatternsto optimize and design routes based on peak traffic hours, maintenance,andconstructions(Dadhichetal.,2020).Using self drivingcarstoavoidaccidentsandtheuseofAlandIoT can contribute to cost savings while encouraging greater safetyandabettercustomerexperience(Singh,2021).

6.4 Agriculture

Agriculture is regarded as the backbone of the Indian economy.However,theagriculturesectorisgiventheleast emphasis in the current context due to a lack of sufficient understanding and advice about adopting Industry 5.0 methods.Asaresult,theincorporationoftechnologyhasled to a limited area of agriculture. Already, automated equipment is being employed in agriculture, saving both time and labor (Rakesh Kumar Birda & Manish Dadhich, 2019). Scientists and industry experts are developing and puttingtechnicalmeasuresinplaceintheagri sector.

7. CONCERNS FOR INDUSTRY 5.0

• Humans are expected to contribute high value tasks to manufacturing policies in the next industrial revolution. Standardizationandlegalizationwillaidinthepreventionof major problems between technology, society, and enterprises.

• Senior members of society and stakeholders will find adjustingtothenewindustrialrevolutionconsiderablymore difficult

•Rapidandextremelyefficientmanufacturingmayresultin overproduction.

Transparencyinimplementationshouldalsobeconsidered.

•Wemustinvestigatehowethicalstandardscanbeincluded inautonomoussystems.

• In autonomous systems, there should be explainable ethicalbehaviorsolutions.

•Ethicalbehaviorinautonomoussystemsmustbeverified andvalidated.

•Criticalskillgapsinfuturemanagementandexecutivejobs, suchasCROs,mustbeaddressed.

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8. CONCLUSION

Industry 5.0 is currently a new concept that depicts an evolutionofanewsetofsystems,bringingtogetherdigital, biological,andphysicaltechnologyinafreshandpowerful blend.Thesenewsystemsarebeingcreatedonthedigital revolution'sarchitecture.Governmentswillsimultaneously acquire new technological capabilities to expand their control over populations based on pervasive surveillance systemsandtheabilitytomanipulatedigitalinfrastructure. Many parallels and differences exist across the methodologies provided and studied in the Industry 5.0 readinessevaluationstudy.Theysharetheuseofrelatively simpleclusteringapproachesbasedonthestand byindex and production share. The discrepancies are in the indicatorsusedandtheevaluationmethodologiesused.The collectedresultsandanalysisoftheconcealed,notobvious information are of significant help to stakeholders in developing plans and policies to increase the readiness index.Theirin depthcomparisonandanalysiswillhighlight the merits and shortcomings of each option under consideration. India is rising to new heights, with the greatestdevelopmentintechnicalelementsandastronger position in practically every area. The preceding review provides insight into Industry 5.0 implementation and generates credible road maps to meet future difficulties, suchasCovid 19orotheradhocmeasures.Industry5.0isa collaborationbetweenmanandmachinethatmaycontinue togrowinallindustrieswhileallowingformorecreativity forabettersociety.

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