International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 09 Issue: 05 | May 2022
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
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ASSESSMENT OF WATER RESOURCES OF SOMALIA Hüseyin Gökçekuş1, Youssef Kassem 1, 2,*, Abdifatah Mohamoud Yusuf3 Department of Civil Engineering, Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty, Near East University, via Mersin 10, Turkey, Nicosia 99138, Cyprus; huseyin.gokcekus@neu.edu.tr (H. Gökçekuş) and yousseuf.kassem@neu.edu.tr (Y. Kassem) 2 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Near East University, via Mersin 10, Turkey, Nicosia 99138, Cyprus; 3 Department of Civil Engineering, Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty, Mersin 10, Turkey, Nicosia 99138, Cyprus; obsiiye747@gmail.com ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------rainfall is not only insufficient, with some locations obtaining Abstract - - Somalia, a nation with restricted freshwater 1
supplies, is facing a water scarcity as a product of unbalanced seasonal rainfall across the country. There is a deficit of surface water in addition to groundwater depletion. The purpose of this study is to better understand the nation's water resources as well as rainfall patterns, as well as to describe the current water situation. Rainfall is scarce in some areas of the country, and it varies regionally and throughout time. According to prior analyses of the Juba and Shebelle rivers, the long-term average yearly flow flows at Luuq which catchment area is 166,000 kilometers squared and Jamaame which has 268,800 kilometers squared are 5.9 and 5.4 billion cubic meters, respectively. The Shabelle river produces yearly flows of 2.4 and 1.4 billion cubic meters at Beledweyne which has 207,000 km , as well as Awdhegle which has 280,000 kmThe yearly surface run ratio (runoffcoefficients) for Juba at Luq and Shebelle at Beledweyne are roughly 6.5 and 2.1 %, respectively. The river's yearly inflows drop as it travels downstream. Due to a shortage of conveyance from the Somali drainage regions, and also riverbank breaches, evaporation, and subsurface infiltration/recharge losses along the river, this has occurred. Despite the latter's larger catchment area, the flow in Juba is obviously higher than the flow in Shabelle.
below 100 mm annually, but it also varies greatly in terms of timing and location. It boasts Africa's longest sea, with both a Gulf of Aden towards the north and the Indian Ocean to the south. On the east side, you'll find the ocean. Kenya borders the country to the south, Ethiopia to the western, and Djibouti is placed in the northwest of the country.
Key Words: juba, Shebelle, semi-arid, arid.
Multiple past research as well as efforts at evaluating Somalia's freshwater resources can be considered essential. This section briefly discusses one of the most important literature evaluations.
1.1 Purpose of the study This article's objectives are to examine Somalia's subsurface and surface freshwater resources, and also these Juba and Shebelle river watersheds' water resources, and to highlight important concerns and priority research areas. To investigate and assess rainfall variations in five Somali cities. A river watershed is typically regarded as a naturally form for freshwater resources design and administration because land and water resources are interconnected and form a unit. Using a key river (drainage) basin, the freshwater assets of Somalia are examined in this study. 1.2 Related research
1. INTRODUCTION Somalia is a dry to semi-arid country with limited water resources. Only two stable rivers run through the area, both of which go south. All the other rivers are ephemeral, lasting just a few hours or days at most. Underground water is the only source of water for the majority of a territory, spanning rural and urban areas. However, in many parts of the country, Due to little rains and high subsurface levels, subsurface removal is complex and costly. Somalia covers 637,657 square kilometers and in 2021 Somalia is estimated to have a 1589 millions of people. Somalia's economy relies heavily on agriculture (Crops and cattle are the two mainstays of the economy).Because it is dependent on rainfall, water supply is vital to the economy. Somalia's
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Within the study Iodine Consumption in Somalia Is Extreme and Related to the Supplier of Home Drinking Waters, a rapid test was applied to 2345 people's data for iodized salt exposures in 2004 Overall salt iodination saturation was poor, at 7.7% {95% CI 3.2%, 17.4%}, and in which most existed was often insufficient with amounts of less than 15mg per kg. Just the scz exhibited signs of household water salt iodination, with6.7% and 5.4% of samples respectively enriched at 15 mg per kg. December2006, An Urban freshwater System was assessed, the attainment of the Millennial Development Goals in
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