ICU MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e ISSN: 2395 0056

ICU MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

2

1UG Student ,Dept. of CSE,SJCET Palai,Kerala,India

2Assistant Professor, Dept. of CSE,SJCET Palai,Kerala,India ***

Abstract Being a bystander in front of an ICU not knowing the updates of your loved ones who are admitted, isnot the best feeling. This paper introduces a system that gives updates on ICU patients. In this system, the reports of the doctor's and nurse's rounds will be updated along with the status of the patient. The frequent readings such as temperature, oxygen level, blood Pressure Levels, and ECG ofthe patient can be viewed as well. This system also has a feature of consent approval in case of any emergencies. There will be an alert notification if there is any variation in the heart rate or if the patient's life is at risk. Blood Donation Center and ambulance driver's contact information nearby the hospital will also be available in thissystem.

Key Words: ICU, Bystanders, Vitals, Patient, Doctor, Nurse

1.INTRODUCTION

An intensive care unit (ICU), also known as an intensive therapyunitorintensivetreatmentunit(ITU),orcritical care unit (CCU), is a special department of a hospital or healthcarefacilitythatprovidesintensivecaremedicine. Intensive care units cater to patients with severe or life threateningillnessesandinjuries,whichrequireconstant care, close supervision from life support equipment, and medication to ensure normal bodily functions. They are staffed by highly trained physicians, nurses, and respiratory therapists who specialize in caring for criticallyill patients. Patientsmaybereferreddirectly to theICUfromanemergencydepartment orawardifthey rapidly deteriorate, or immediately after surgery ifthe surgery is very invasive and the patient is at high risk of complications.

1.1 Background

An Intensive Care Unit (ICU) provides critical care and life support for acutely ill and injured patients. SometimestheICU medical team needs tosolvesomany issues with patient or their family members. When they admit a person in ICU, their conscious level is poor or unconscious like comma stage the patient does not feel anythingabout

theirlifesituations.Whentheteamreceivesapatientlike this they do the life saving procedures as soon as possible and they don't have the time to rethink or discuss the patient's condition with their family membersatthattime.Asweallhaveexperiencedatleast once being a bystander in ICU, and we all know the problemswehavefacedwhilebeing one.Havingnoidea about your patient status. Even if a nurse or a doctor stepsoutoftheICUtherewillalways bearushofallthe Bystanderstoaskabouttheirpatients,andusually,there is always chaos and no one gets their doubts cleared as well.Aftersomediscussionswithafewstaff,weevengot to know that, they do face problems of not being able to answer all the queries from the bystander's side and most of the time, turning their back and not giving a proper service cause of the workload they face. That's where we felt the need for such a system. Sowe are introducingasystemwherethemedicalconditionor the progress of the patient who has been admitted tothe ICU will betrackedin real timeandupdatesabout their whereaboutsareprovidedsimultaneously

1.2

Objectives and Scope

The main objective of this ICU based system is to guaranteesafecareofthepatientsadmittedtotheICU.In generalterms,itsmaintasksaretoprovideandpromote an adequate environment referring to patient safety, document and analyze critical incidents, inform of the corrective measures taken, and supervise follow up and adherence to the adopted measures. We have a regular updateofthereportsprovidedbythedoctorsandnurses after each round which is accessible at all times by the patient's corresponding bystander, and on the other hand, we have the vitals update corresponding to the information collected daily at several points during the day,alsotheconsentisprovidedtothe bystanderwhich they can approve through the app itself in case of any emergency. As well to the current treatment being provided the certain reports of the test that the patient hasundergone,andalsosomeaddedhelplikebloodbank details, ambulance services are provided through this systemtomakeuseincaseofemergency.

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e ISSN: 2395 0056

Volume: 09 Issue: 05 | May 2022 www.irjet.net p ISSN: 2395 0072

2. EXISTING SYSTEMS

2.1 iNICU

iNICU[2]automatizestheworkflowofNICUstartingfrom the day of admission/birth till the discharge of the baby, thus reducing the responsibilities of users (nurses, doctors and administrators).In addition, the system captures real time clinical parameters of every neonate coming frommultipledevices(whichcanbeviewedona singleinterface)andstoresvariationsofthesameforever on the cloud, so it can be accessed by the doctor at any pointoftime.

2.2 Intelligent Neonatal Monitoring System Based onAndroid Application using Multi Sensors

IntelligentNeonatalMonitoringSystemBasedonAndroid Application using Multi Sensors. The purpose of the paper[6]istodevelopanIntelligentNeonatalMonitoring System based ontemperatureandpulseratedata.Inthe NeonatalIntensiveCareUnit(NICU),therearepremature babiesandotherill babies whoneed extra carefromthe doctors,nursesaswellasmedicalsupplies.

2.3 HealthyYou Card

HealthyYou Card[4] is a search engine and online appointment booking app. This app has the features to search doctors, hospitals, diagnostic centers and pharmacies.Itcansearchbyname,specialtyandlocation and can book an appointment online. It also provides alerts and reminders that is to get notified by SMS and email on booking an appointment, to get reminder for yourappointmentbySMSaswellasemail,togetSMSand emailalert on appointment cancellation / modification (fromeitheroftheparties)

2.4 Pocket ICU

Pocket ICU[3] provides users with an essential tool for quicklylocatinginformationfromeverysubspecialtyarea of critical care is concise guidance written by attending physicians for everyone in critical care. It covers subspecialty areas including pediatric, neuro critical, cardiac, transplant, burn, and more. This app contains detailedimages,figures,anddecisionsupportalgorithms. It is a helpful appendix including calculation tables, formulas, and more. There are entries with diagnosis, treatment,andmanagementdetails.Ithasaprovisionfor universal indexsearch whichhelpsto findtopicsquickly and“Favorites”forbookmarkingimportantentries.

2.5 Iot based NICU baby healthcare monitoring system

The main objective of the paper[7] is particularly designedanddevelopedforkidandinfantICUs.In health care spaceand its systems if you see, the deaths because of delayed designation of malady for Infants and Neonates become responsible. To beat this state of

affairs, dedicated devices for Infants and Neonates are essential. During this style, IOT with sensors are used for watching all parameters thatare additional appropriate for Infants and Neonates, efficiency and reliability which will play a vital role for bettercare.

3. SYSTEM STUDY

Thesystemisdividedintofourmodules.

(1)ReportModule

(2)VitalsUpdationModule

(3)ConsentModule

(4)AlertModule

3.1 Report Module

The report module contains both doctor's and nurse's reports of the patient. The doctor's report consists of a report by the doctor about the patient admitted to the ICUaftereachround.Aftereachround,thedoctorwillbe updating the report of each patient in the system. This report will be viewable to the bystander of the patient. Thereportofthepatientis writteninaparticularformat which also consists of some medical terms out of which the app shows the overall report of the patient which is understandable for each of its users. This module is so helpful for both doctors and bystanders. In some cases, thedoctorshavetoexplain theconditionofthepatientto more than one person which is difficult and time consuming.Usingthismodule,thecondition orreportof the patient could be conveyed to their family members easily. The family members could get the details of the patient from anywhere at any time. The nurse's report consists of the reports by the nurses about the patient admitted to the ICU. After attending to a patient the nurseswillbewritingthereportinthesystemwhichwill alsobeviewabletothe bystanders.Thenurse'sreportis also written in a particular format. The app will only showwhatisrequiredtobevisibletothebystanders.

3.1 Vitals Updation Module

The vitals updation gives the recordings of the vitals of the patient admitted to the ICU at regular intervals of time. The recordings include temperature, pulse rate, heart rate,blood pressure, respiration, etc measured at an interval depending on the condition of the patient. If theconditionofthepatientisworse,thentherecordings are made at shorter intervals. If the condition of the patient is stable, the recordings are made at longer intervals. These readings are made visible to the family members, so they could use this to get further suggestions of the patient from experts known to them. They could also use this to check whether the condition ofthepatientisimprovingornot.Theupdatedvitalsare viewabletothedoctor also,thishelpsthedoctortokeep trackofthevitalsofthepatientafterthedutytimeofthe doctor.

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e ISSN: 2395 0056 Volume: 09 Issue: 05 | May 2022 www.irjet.net p ISSN: 2395 0072

3.3 Consent Module

The consent module is a module where the hospital contacts the family members for various consents regardingdifferenttests,scans,etc.Therearemanytests or procedures which require the consent of the family members before starting the initial steps. Some procedures which require consent are before intubation, before changing to a ventilator, etc. When consent is required it is being updated by the nurses in thesystem, then a notification is sent to the app. When the family member receives the consent form, he/she could read through the consent and then the family member needs toapprovetheconsentandisreturnedit.Thenextstepof the procedures could only be started after receiving consent from thefamilymember.Theconsentsagreedor disagreed will be stored in the database for future references if necessary. Sending the consent in this format will help the bystander to easily agree to the consentandmaketheproceduresmuchfaster.

3.4 Alert Module

Thealertmodulewillsendalertnotificationsthroughthe apptothefamilymemberswhenthereisanyvariationin the health conditions of the patient admitted to the ICU. In every hospital, an alert will be sent to the nurse's station during an emergency. When the alert is sent to thenurse'ssystemitsimultaneouslysendsan alerttothe appalso.Thealertissenttothebystanderandthedoctor treating theparticularpatient.Thealertissent basedon the heart rate of the patient. This helps the bystander to reach the hospital in the emergency of their family members admitted to the ICU. This also helps the doctor treatingthepatientknowaboutthealertsituation.

5. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

The website is initiated with a welcome page where you willfindaloginoption.

Fig 1:LoginPage

The login credentials can either be an Admin, Doctor, or Nurse. If the login credentials are of the Admin, then he canupdatethesystemandcanhandlethesystem.Hehas theauthoritytoaddtotheDoctor'sandtheNurse'slists. He also has access to the patient's information and can admit the patients; he can make changes in the service sectoraswell.

Fig 2:AdminPage

IfthelogincredentialsareoftheDoctor,thentheDoctor gets to use the interface where he can Enter/Update the conditionsofthepatient(SBAR).AlsotheDoctorcanview thePatient’sVitalsandtheconsents.

Fig 3:Doctor’sHomepage

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e ISSN: 2395 0056

Volume: 09 Issue: 05 | May 2022 www.irjet.net p ISSN: 2395 0072

IfthelogincredentialsareofaNurse,theNursecanalso Enter/UpdatetheNurseSBAR.ThentheNursegetstosee the SBAR which the Doctor has updated, the nurse can alsoEnter/Update the vitals and can issue any consent letterstotherespectivebystanders.

IftheDoctorwishes tologin,thenhecanloginusinghis credentialsandhecanviewhispatient’sdetailsalongwith theirvitals.Thestatusofthepatientcanalsobeviewedas well.

Fig 4:Nurse’spage

SBAR represents the S situation of the patient while arrived. B background of the patient if any past experience.A actionstobetakenforthepatient. R recommendations, any recommendations to other Doctors.

Fig -7:Doctor’sHomepage

IftheBystanderwishestologin,thenhecanloginusing his credentials. He gets to view the Doctor’s and the Nurse’s reports and can view the vitals of the patient which has been updated by the nurse in charge of the patient. The bystanders using the app also get a notificationontheirphoneswhenthereisadifferencein the patient’s status. They can access the ambulance and nearbybloodbank servicefortheirpatientsaswell.The consentformwhichisissuedbythenursecanbeviewed bythebystanderaswell.

Fig 5:SBARForm

Intheapplication,wehavealoginpagethatcanbeused bytheDoctororthebystander

Fig 8:BystandersHomepage

Fig -6:LoginPageoftheapplication

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e ISSN: 2395 0056 Volume: 09 Issue: 05 | May 2022 www.irjet.net p ISSN: 2395 0072

The android application accesses the values of the device from the firebaseandgets it displayedcontinuously in the application. The application should give an alert message if the vitals of the patient vary rather than the normallevel.

[4] https://www.rasmussen.edu/degrees/nursing/bl og/icunursing/

[5] S. M. Najib, Norshahida Binti Hassan, Nur Tysha AtikahbintiMohdShair,NRahim,N.AbWahab.,2019 ,“Intelligent Neonatal Monitoring System Based onAndroid Application using Multi Sensors”,https://doi.org/10.1109/ISCAIE.2019.8743 867.

[6] B. Nivetha, E. Sriram Manish Kumar, 2020 , “Iot based nicu baby healthcare monitoring system”, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2020.08.393.

Fig 3:HardwareComponent

3. CONCLUSIONS

The ICU team cannot always update each patient's details to their family members frequently. Also, the family members ofthesepatients will be restless insuch a situation to know about the updates and current conditionof theirdear ones. Hence thispaper develops a system thatcould monitor the patient throughout and record the readings periodically which would help the team to provide updates regarding the patient's conditions and this system also reduces the workload that the team faces within the ICU. The system provides various modules like consent approval, vitals reading updates,doctors'andnurses'reportsaboutthecondition of the patient after each round, and the test reports are also available on the system. All these modules ensure proper communication regarding the patient's current situationtotheir family. Thus thissystem will bea great help to both the ICU team and the bystanders of the patient, helping in reducing all the unwanted problems outsideanICU.

REFERENCES

[1]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intensivecareunit

[2]Inicucloud.com.2022.iNICU.[online]Availableat: ¡http://inicucloud.com/¿

[3]Play.google.com. 2022. [online] Available at: ¡https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=[Acc essed 14 January 2022]2022. Home (English). [online] Available at:¡https://www.icumed.com/¿ [Accessed

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