IoT BASED REAL TIME AIR AND NOISE POLLUTION ALERT SYSTEM FOR ASTHMA AND ANGINA PATIENTS

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN:2395-0056

Volume: 09 Issue: 05 | May 2022 www.irjet.net p-ISSN:2395-0072

IoT BASED REAL TIME AIR AND NOISE POLLUTION ALERT SYSTEM FOR ASTHMA AND ANGINA PATIENTS

Abstract

Nowadays, the level of pollution is rapidly increasing due to the factors like urbanization, industrial activities, increasing usage of vehicles etc. This causes greater impacts on human health. Both air and noise pollution are major threat to asthma and angina patients. So to tackle this environmental issues, we proposed an IoT based real time noise and air pollution alert system. This system is very useful to the patients as it is capable of monitoring the air quality and noise level using sensors, when it exceeds a certain threshold level. We used NodeMCU as our microcontroller board and the sensors are MQ 7,MQ 135(gas sensors) and KY 037 sound sensor. The user can access these information through an android application. The levels of air and noise pollution are displayed over Blynk app. This monitoring system will assist both the authorities as well as the public so that preventive measures can be taken as early as possible.

Key Words: IoT, Pollution, NodeMCU, Blynk, Monitoring system, Sensors

1. INTRODUCTION

Our environment is getting polluted day by day due to industrialization and urbanization. When this level of pollution exceeds a certain limit, we need to take proper actions and measures to purify the air, water, soil etc. As weknow“Preventionisbetterthancure”,weneedtotake immediate actions to make our life safe as well as to protect our nature. Hence there is a need for proper measurement and analysis of real time air and noise quality levels, so that appropriate decisions can be taken withoutexploitingourhealthandlife.

1.1 Air Pollution

The effects of air pollution are alarming. The main sources of air pollution are increasing emission of toxic gases from industries vehicle emission and increased concentration of harmful gases and particulate matter in the atmosphere. These factors lead to many health issues like respiratory and heart conditions like asthma, chronic bronchitis, emphysema, heart attacks and strokes along withcancer.Notonlytheseissues,theyarealsohavingan adverseeffectonournaturealso.

1.2 Noise Pollution

Noisepollutionistheunwantedorexcessivesound inour environment. It is mainly due to increasing number of vehicles and noise producing machines in the industries. Theeffectsofnoisepollutionalsohavemanyhealthissues like stress related illness, high blood pressure, speech interference,hearingloss,sleepdisruption. Ourproposed systemprovidesthesolutiontothisproblemwiththehelp ofInternetofThings

2. OBJECTIVE

To develop a real time noise and air pollution monitoring system which is capable of monitoring the air pollution and noise level using sensors when it exceeds a certain threshold level. The user can access this information through an android application. This monitoring system willassisttheauthoritiesaswellasthepublictoviewthe information regarding pollution and contribute towards controlling it at their possible level. The levels of air and noise pollutions are displayed over blynk platform. It can control hardware remotely and can display and store sensor data. The result is displayed in the form of gauge widgetindicatingthelevelsofpollution

3. PROPOSED MODEL

The proposed work aims at making a low cost real time noise and air pollution monitoring system which is capable of monitoring the air pollution and noise level using sensors when it exceeds a certain threshold level. TheprojectusesaESP8266NodeMCUboardtocontrolthe system. It consists of KY037 sound sensor, MQ7 and MQ135 gas sensors. Data picked up by the sensors are provided to the board. A quad bilateral switch CD4066, is used for the multiplexing of analog signals. It consists of four switches that are used for switching analog signals with digital control. Once the input like analog signal is applied to the switch then the input is transmitted to control input. So, this analog signal will be transmitted in the switch from input to output. The output from the sensors is stored in the cloud environment. The data can beaccessedbyusersthroughandandroidapplication.The applicationisdevelopedusing“Blynk”platform.Itisused for displaying the levels of air and noise pollution so that thisinformationisavailableforall theusers.Theresultis displayedintheformofgaugewidgetindicatingthelevels

© 2022, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.529 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 3427

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e ISSN:2395 0056

Volume: 09 Issue: 05 | May 2022 www.irjet.net p ISSN:2395 0072

Suitable for detecting of NH3, NOx, alcohol, Benzene, smoke,CO2etc.

FastresponseandHighsensitivity Canbeusedasdigitaloranalogsensor

• KY O37 Microphone Sensor Module

3.1 HARDWARE COMPONENTS

• NodeMCU

Fig 4KY 037MicrophoneSensorModule

Thissensoremitsasignalifthesensordetectsanoise. Thesensitivityofthesensorcanbeadjustedbymeansof acontroller.

Themodulehastwooutputs:A0andD0

• CD 4066

Fig 5CD4066

Quad bilateral switch intended for the multiplexing of analogsignals.

Highnoiseimmunity

• LCD Display Module

Fig 6LCDDisplayModule

16*2AlphanumericdisplaywithI2Cisused

DataiscontinuouslydisplayedontheLCDifthepollution exceedsasetlimit.

3.2 SOFTWARE PART

For developing the IoT based real time air and noise pollution monitoring system for asthma and angina patients, we have programmed the microcontroller board in C language using Arduino IDE, which contains a text editor for writing code, a message area, a text console, a toolbarwithbuttonsforcommonfunctionsandaseriesof

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e ISSN:2395 0056

Volume: 09 Issue: 05 | May 2022 www.irjet.net p ISSN:2395 0072

menus. The consolidated results from the sensors are available to the users through the developed android application.Theandroidapplicationwasdevelopedinthe Blynkplatform,whichallowsustoquicklybuildinterfaces for controlling and monitoring hardware projects. The result is displayed in the form of gauge widget indicating thelevelsofpollution

Noise pollution values are available in terms of decibel (dB). Noise levels are categorized as ‘quite’ when the values are less than 60 dB, ‘moderate’ when it is between 60dBand85dBand‘high’whenitisbeyond85dB.

Airqualityvaluesareavailableinformofpartspermillion (ppm). It is also distinguished as ‘good’ when the value is less than 50 ppm, ‘moderate’ when it is between 51 and 100and‘unhealthy’whenthelevelismorethan101ppm.

4. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

The developed air and noise pollution monitoring system iscapableofmonitoringtheairqualityaswellasthelevel of noise pollution using gas and sound sensors on real time basis. This data is continuously displayed on a LCD displaywheneveritsvalueexceedsthesetlimit.

Blynk is an Internet of Things platform which is used for displayingthelevelsofairandnoisepollutionsothatthis information is available for all the users. The result is displayedintheformofgaugewidgetindicatingthelevels ofpollution.

The level of noise pollution is expressed in terms of decibel(dB).Noiseleveliscategorizedas‘quite’whenitis lessthan60 dB, ‘moderate’ whenit is between 60dB and 85dBand‘high’whenitisbeyond85dB.

Air quality is expressed in terms of parts per million (ppm).Itiscategorizedas‘good’whenitisbelow50ppm, ‘moderate’whenitisbetween51and100and‘unhealthy’ whenthelevelismorethan101ppm

HARDWARE IMPLEMENTATION

It is a basic implementation of the proposed hardware system. We have successfully designed and made a hardwareoftheproposeddesign.Thismonitoringsystem iscompact,costeffectiveanduserfriendly Fig 7Hardware Fig 8OutputsonLCD

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e ISSN:2395 0056

Volume: 09 Issue: 05 | May 2022 www.irjet.net p ISSN:2395 0072

7. CONCLUSION

The impacts of air pollution and noise pollutions are alarmingday byday. So,an efficientmonitoringsystem is necessary.Theproposedsystemcontinuoslymonitorsthe air quality as well as the noise level using MQ 7,MQ 135 gas sensors and KY 037 microphone sensor module respectively. These data is available on real time basis through an android application. The level of pollution as well as the category of pollution based on threshold is available on this app. These information is useful to both public as well as the authorities. This system is compact, userfriendlyaswellasportable.

REFERENCES

[1] Janeera.D.A,PoovizhiH, Sheik Haseena.S.S, Nivetha.S ”Smart Embedded Framework using Arduino and IoT for Real Time Noise and Air Pollution Monitoring and Alert system” 2021 International Conference on Artificial IntelligenceandSmartSystems(ICAIS).

5. ADVANTAGES

Fig 9PollutionApp

•The users can monitor the air quality and noise levels onrealtimebasisthroughblynk.

•The app will provide various categories of air quality (good, moderate, unhealthy) and noise levels (quiet, moderate,high)basedonthresholdlimits.

•Systemiscompact

•Costeffective

•Userfriendly

•Informationisaccessibleto bothauthoritiesas well as thepublic.

•Systemisportable

6. FUTURE SCOPE

•More parameters can be monitored along with air qualityandnoiselevelsbyusingothersensors.

•Control system can be incorporated along with this monitoring system by the use of air purifiers, filters, anti pollution masks etc for controlling air pollution and acoustic barriers can be used for reducing noise pollutiontoanoptimallevel.

[2] N. Nowshin and M. S. Hasan, "Microcontroller Based Environmental Pollution Monitoring System though IoT Implementation," 2021 2nd International Conference on Robotics, Electrical and Signal Processing Techniques (ICREST), IEEE Xplore pp.493498, doi:10.1109/ICREST51555.2021.9331020

[3]A.K.Sahaetal.,"AraspberryPicontrolledcloud based air and sound pollution monitoring system with temperatureandhumiditysensing,"2018IEEE8thAnnual ComputingandCommunicationWorkshopandConference (CCWC),2018, pp.607 611, doi:10.1109/CCWC.2018.8301660.

[4] Rohan Kumar Jha “Air Quality Sensing and Reporting System Using IoT” Second International Conference on Inventive Research in Computing Applications (ICIRCA 2020) IEEE Xplore Part Number: CFP20N67 ART; ISBN: 978 1 7281 5374.

[5]S.Dhingra,R.B.Madda,A.H.Gandomi,R.PatanandM. Daneshmand, "Internet of Things Mobile Air Pollution Monitoring System (IoT Mobair)," in IEEE Internet of ThingsJournal,vol.6,no.3,pp.5577 5584,June2019.

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[7] Liu Peng,Fu Danni,Jiang Shengqian,Wang Mingjie , School of Mechanical Science and Engineering Jilin University Chang Chun, China “A Movable Indoor Air Quality Monitoring System” ,2017 2nd International ConferenceonCybernetics,RoboticsandControl.

[8]Ramik Rawal, School of Computer Science and Engineering (SCOPE), Vellore Institute of Technology “Air Quality Monitoring System” International Journal of Computational Science and Engineering. ISSN 2249 4251 Volume9,Number1(2019)

[9] Kennedy Okokpujie, Etinosa Noma Osaghae, Odusami Modupe, Samuel John and Oluga Oluwatosin Department of Electrical and Information Engineering, Covenant University, “A SMART AIR POLLUTION MONITORING SYSTEM” International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology(IJCIET)Volume9,Issue9,September2018

[10] Palaghat Yaswanth Sai Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Narayana Engineering College “An IoT Based Automated Noise and Air Pollution Monitoring System” International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer and Communication Engineering ISO3297:2007CertifiedVol.6,Issue3,March2017

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e ISSN:2395 0056 Volume: 09 Issue: 05 | May 2022 www.irjet.net p ISSN:2395 0072 © 2022, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.529 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 3431