Portable Air Cooling and Air Conditioning Technologies: A Review

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e ISSN:2395 0056

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Portable Air Cooling and Air Conditioning Technologies: A Review

1Prabuddha Kr Verma, 2Abhishek Sarkar, 3Adarsh Singh, 4Shadan Kamal, 5Mrs.Garima Singh

1,2,3,4 Students, Mechanical Engineering, BBDITM, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 5Asst. Professor, Mechanical Engineering, BBDITM, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh ***

Abstract This paper presents a review of portable air cooler and air condition technologies. The purpose of the research is to summarize the type of air conditioning system and the principle of evaporative cooling. This paper also summarizes the recent development in the field of portable air cooling system, challenges, and opportunities. This portable cooler is environmentally friendly. Being small in size, the portable air cooler fits easily in our kitchen, drawing room, and bedroom.

Key Words: latent heat of fusion, enthalpy change, direct evaporative cooling, indirect evaporative cooling, peltier effect,thermoelectriccooling

1.INTRODUCTION

The average temperature in India is around 26°C (78.8°F), and various appliances such as air conditioners and fans are usedtomaintaina suitabletemperatureforhumansin India. Such equipment comes at a high price. During the summer everyone needs cool air. So, to maintain a comfortable temperature,we will need to purchase air conditioning equipment.Thisutilitywill alsorequirespaceto beinstalled. The major goal of this research study is to provide an alternate means of cooling and to do it at a reasonable cost. Thisdeviceissuitableforusageinhostels,houses,offices,and othersettings.Thereisnoscientificrelevancetotheambient temperature that we can precisely evaluate. Greatly from person to person, weather conditions, and other factors, the room temperature is comfortable and appropriate. A comfortable living room temperature for humans is 21°C (70°F), However, in other locations near the equator, this temperature may well not be adequate. The room temperature will be around 30°C (86°F) when the temperatureishigher.

Temperature control is a process in which the change of temperatureofaspace(andobjectscollectivelytherewithin) is measured or otherwise detected, and the passage of heat energyintooroutofthespaceisadjustedtoachieveadesired average temperature. Air conditioners, space heaters, refrigerators,waterheaters,etc.areexamplesofdevicesthat

perform temperature control. There are several types of air conditionersystemswhicharementionedbelow:

1.1 Types of air conditioning systems

(a)Windowairconditioner

(b)Splitairconditioner

(c) Airconditioning(central)

(d)Portableairconditioners

(e)Unitaryairconditioningsystems

(f) Built upsystems

2. LATENT HEAT OF FUSION

When heat energy is delivered to a specified quantity of a substance under constant conditions, the enthalpy change of the substance, also known as latent heat of fusion, happens. pressuretochangeitsstatefromsolidtoliquid. Forexample, 1 kg of ice melting at 0°C under various pressures absorbs 333.55kJ of energywithno changeintemperature.The heat of solidification is equal and opposing when a substance changesfromliquidtosolid.Thisenergycomprisestheeffort requiredtomakeroomforanycorrespondingvolumechange bydisplacingtheenvironmentagainstambientpressure.The melting point or freezing point, depending on the context, is thetemperatureat whichthephase transitionoccurs. Unless otherwise specified, the pressure is considered to be 1 atm (101.325 kPa) by convention. the heat energy required to turnasolidintoaliquidatatmosphericpressureiscalledthe latent heat of fusion because the temperature remains constant during the process, The latent heat of fusion is the enthalpy change of any amount of substance when it melts. Whentheheatoffusionislinkedtoaunitofmass,thespecific heatoffusionistheenthalpychangeperamountofsubstance in moles, whereas the molar heat of fusion is the enthalpy changeperamountofsubstanceinmoles.

Theinternalenergyoftheliquidphaseishigherascompared to the solid phase of the same substance. This means that energymustbesuppliedtoasolidtomeltit,andenergymust

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bewithdrawnfromaliquidtofreezeit,becausethemolecules inthe liquid have feeble intermolecularinteractionsandasa consequence have larger potential energy (a kind of bond dissociationenergyforintermolecularforces).

When liquid water is chilled, its temperature gradually decreasesuntil it reachesslightlybelow thefreezing point of 0°C.Whilethewatercrystallizes,thetemperatureremainsat the freezing point. Once water is completely frozen, its temperaturecontinuestodecline.

The enthalpy of fusion is almost usually positive; the sole known exception is helium. At temperatures below 0.3 K, helium 3exhibitsanegativeenthalpyoffusion.Below0.77K (272.380 °C), helium 4 has a slightly negative enthalpy of fusion. This means that when heat is added to these substances at proper constant pressures, they freeze. This pressurerangeforHeliumliesbetween24.992and25.00atm (2,533kPa).

3. PRINCIPAL OF EVAPORATIVE COOLING

3.1 Principal of Direct Evaporative Cooling

Fig 1:Latentheatoffusion

Fig 2:Directevaporativecooling

Evaporative air coolers are generally referred to as desert coolers. Nowadays it is very popular for space cooling providing a cheap alternative to standard air conditioning systems. It operates without the ozone harming hydro chlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) which are used by refrigeration based systems as compared to air conditioning (AC) units. Northern regions of India are very good locations for the execution of this device when a sufficient amount of waterisavailable,lowinstallationandoperatingcostsinthis region than the AC units. Despite the fact that using desert coolers for space air conditioning is a cost effective alternativetocompressor basedairconditioningsystems,the evaporative cooling based desert cooler's poor performance inhumidclimaticconditionsisone ofthe reasonsforitsloss inpopularity.

Still, it is suitable in many parts of the country due to favorable climatic conditions; it may be categorized as a directevaporativecoolingsystemandanindirectevaporative coolingsystem.Directevaporativecoolingputswaterintothe supply airstream directly. Water absorbs heat from supply air;itevaporatesandcoolstheairByusingsomeformofheat exchangers, indirect evaporative cooling decreases the temperature of the air; secondary air is cooled by water and thengraduallycoolsthemainair.

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c. greater than the WB temperature of the secondary airattheinlet(saturationbeforetheoutlet).

As can be seen on the psychrometric chart, the main air's working process (1 2) is realized at constant moisture content, whereas the secondary air's working process (3 4) is realized at constant enthalpy. At the limit, the cooling process of the primary air could continue until the WB temperatureofthesecondaryairattheinlet.

The IEC's key benefit is that it cools primary air without changing its moisture content. The IEC's principal drawback is that the primary air cooling process is constrained by the WBtemperatureofthesecondaryairattheinput.Thissortof equipment is also known as wet bulb IEC because of this constraint.

Fig 3:Directevaporativecooling(a.Schematicstructure,b. workingprinciplec.psychometricchart)

3.2 Principal of Indirect Evaporative Cooling

The working principle scheme of the IEC equipment is presented on the left side of figure 3. Warm primary (or product) air (1) circulates inside the dry channels, transferring heat to the wet channels through the heating surface. At the outlet, the primary (or product) air (2) will have a lower temperature than at the inlet, due to the transferred heat. The secondary (working) air (3) circulates with the water inside the wet channels. The behavior of the airandwaterinthewetchannelissimilartotheDECprocess. The water temperature is equal to the secondary air's WB temperature. The heat transported via the surface between the dry and wet channels is absorbed as latent heat by the water, and a portion of the water is evaporated and embedded in the secondary air through diffusion, increasing themoisturecontentofthisair.

If the secondary air reaches saturation, the heat from the mainair is dividedinto latentheat absorbed bythe water and sensible heat absorbed by the secondary air from this point on. As a result, the secondary air temperature at the output (4) might be one of the following:

a. Thetemperatureofthesecondaryairattheinflowis lowerthantheWBtemperature(nosaturation);

b. Equal tothe WB temperature of the secondary airat theinlet(saturationisobtainedattheoutlet);

Fig 4: In Directevaporativecooling(Schematicstructure)

4. PRINCIPAL OF THERMOELECTRIC COOLING

ThePeltiereffectisusedinthermoelectriccoolingtoproduce aheatfluxattheintersectionoftwodistinctmaterialtypes.A Peltiercooler,heater,orthermoelectricheatpumpisa solid stateactiveheatpump in whichheat istransferred fromone side of the device to the other while using electrical energy. Peltier devices, Peltier heat pumps, solid state refrigerators, thermoelectric coolers (TEC), and thermoelectric batteries are various names for the same device. It may be used for both heating and cooling, while cooling is the most widely used application. It may also be used to adjust the temperatureofaroom,eitherbyheatingorcooling.

This technology is used for refrigeration significantly less frequently than vapor compression refrigeration. When compared to a vapor compression refrigerator, the Peltier

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cooler has the following advantages: no moving components or circulating liquid, extremely long life, leak resistance, tiny size, and flexible shape. Its primary drawbacks are its high cost per cooling capacity and its low power efficiency (a low COP). Many researchers and businesses are working to build low cost,high efficiencyPeltiercoolers.

AthermoelectricgeneratorcanbemadefromaPeltiercooler. When used as a cooler, a voltage is delivered across the device,causingatemperaturedifferencetoformbetweenthe twosides.Whenusedasagenerator,onefaceofthedeviceis heated to a higher temperature than the other, causing a voltage differential to develop between both two sides (the Seebeck effect). Due to various design and packaging considerations, a well designed Peltier cooler will be a mediocre or substandard thermoelectric generator and vice versa.

Besides, they do not have to depend on a conventional fan thatstillproduceswarmairbutthisportablewillgivecoldair thesameasanormalairconditionerinaclosedroom.

Thisportableairconditioneris equipped with a photosensor thatcansensetheexistenceofpeopleinfrontof itanditwill automaticallyswitchoffiftherearenopeopleanditwillturn onbackifitdetectspeoplecrossingorstandinginfrontofit. This will make it easier for people than switching on or off manually,especiallyinbusyevents.Itisalsoeconomizingthe electricitywhentheusageiscontinuouswithoutpeopleusing it which leads to waste of energy. The presence of an air conditionerisdifficulttoinstallespeciallytofitinanoutdoor environment. This product is designed with a wheel which makes it easier to move and install. With the simplest installation procedure, anyone can easily install the air conditionerwherevertheyaredesired

Fig. 5:ThermoelectricCooling

5. PORTABLE AIR COOLING SYSTEM

Aportableairconditioneris aninnovativeproduct originally from a standard air conditioner that is limited to being used ina roomorinsidethebuilding.Then,itisdesignedto make it easier to move from one place to another. This product is designed to look like a decoration tree which people mostly use as a decoration in an outdoor event such as a wedding and talk. As we all notice that Malaysia has a tropical rainforest climate due to its proximity to the equator. It is a hot and humid country all year round, with an average temperatureof27°C(80.6°F)andalmostnovariabilityinthe yearlytemperature.MostMalaysiansarefindingawaytoget comfort, especially during day events. This portable air conditioner can help them to produce a comfortable environmentonahotday.

Fig 6:RefrigerationCycle

The growth of an industry and its influence on society are frequently fascinating topics to research. Take, for example, portable air conditioning: Portable air conditioning was initially introduced to America in 1983 by Denso, a Japanese maker of automotive equipment. It was originally developed to keep employees on the assembly line cool. This was initiallysoldthroughthestandardairconditioningwholesale supply channel, and it had only limited success in the early years.Onlyafewfirmsusedthisstrategyforworkercomfort since the American industry was uninterested in such an expensivesolution. Themajority ofsalesinthose early years werestockordersfromthewholesaler.Therewereonlyafew ordersfrom endusers. Wholesalerreordersweresparsedue to surplus inventory on hand. It wasn't long before the distribution method needed to be tweaked in order to kick start sales. It was decided to create a network of direct sales

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stores specializing in portable air conditioning and selling directly to the public. Traditional wholesale distribution proved to be far less effective. Although end user sales increased, it was superb timing that proved to be the most importantfactorintheindustry'ssuccess.Thiscoincideswith the minicomputer explosion, which began in the mid 1980s andlasteduntiltheearly1990s.

6. LITERATURE REVIEW

Somchai jiajitsawat [1] has fabricated and tested a portable hybrid thermoelectric direct evaporative air cooling system based on a commercially portable direct evaporative air cooler integrated with a thermoelectric refrigeration system. In this hybrid thermoelectric direct evaporative air cooling system, 12 thermoelectric modules TEC1 12708 are used to coolwater bystacking their coolsideinto layers on one wall ofthealuminumcontainerandthehotsideontherectangular finheatexchanger.Thiscooledwateristhenusedforadirect evaporative cooling system. This direct evaporative cooling system is used as a main air cooling system by inducing the hot ambient air in direct contact with the working fluid (water). The testing results show that under the fan operation, the system is unable to cool the inlet air temperature (or 0% cooling effectiveness) When the DEAC system is active, the cooling performance of the prototype increasesby20%andisupto30%withhigherfanspeed(or 1.7 C of air temperature drop). The results of TE installation shows that it can improve the cooling performance of the DEACsystemby10%andisupto20%withhigherfanspeed (or 2.6 °C of air temperature decrease). Therefore, the conceptofapplyingTEstocoolthewatertemperatureinthe container seems to be reliable not only for its additional cooling capacity but also for contributing more convenience toaportableDEACsysteminthemarket.However,duetothe low COP of 0.06, the heat exchanger at the hot ends of TE should be redesigned carefully in order to improve the coolingperformanceoftheTEsystem.

Bogdan Porumba et.al [2] discusseda review of IEC(indirect evaporativecoolingtechnology).Indirectevaporativecooling is an emerging technology that has promising potential to improveairconditioning.Thereviewpresentstheoreticaland practical aspects related to the IEC's development including theory, construction principles, flow schemes, working conditions,andparametersofperformance.Fromageometric perspective, there are constructions based on horizontal or vertical plates and also horizontal tubes. The different flow schemesletyouuseoutsideandinsideairasyourprimaryor secondarysupplyoffreshair.Itisa verycommonpracticeto

regenerate it, which involves recirculating part of the cooled primary supply as secondary. The R IEC equates to the ratio betweenPrimary(0…100%),FreshAir,andSecondary.

N. Beemkumar et.al [3] investigated an air cooler with thermal storage, which can be used as an AC backup system when in a room where the AC unit is turned off or not working properly or during power outages. The units are placedinsidetheair conditionedroomnearthemainACand willkeepcooluntilit'sneededagain.Duringanormaltimeof A/C operation, the PCM in the heat exchanger changes from liquidtosolidandstorescoldenergyaslatentheatoffusion. In case of power failure, the mobile air cooler with PCM storageusesonlythefanoperationfromDGsetforcirculating chilledairthroughit.Thiscoolairisconcentratedinthearea where occupants are present and cooling can be achieved locally. The phase change material has a phase change temperature of 25°C to 26°C, which makes it appropriate for this application. The use of this air cooler is ideal for restaurantsandshoppingcomplexes,wheredieselgenerators cannotruntheirACunits.

Franck Lucasa et.al [4] developed a method to evaluate the energy performance of buildings cooled by room air conditioners, like split AC systems. These types of small ACs are often installed without proper study of their building envelope's performance just because of their low cost and small size.Thisisn'ta questionof whetherornotthesystem ismaintained,butratherifitisdoneaccordingtoregulations. Some tradesmen sometimes neglect to comply with these rules and regulations. If maintenance is not carried out properly then eventually the systems will be compromised and energy performance will suffer. This article provides an overview of a practical, global approach to diagnosing the performance of existing small air conditioning installations in buildings on Reunion Island. One goal for this tropical island is to become self sufficient with electricity. This approach uses a numerical tool to help you determine the best system for your building and it relies on dynamic simulations of buildings equipped with AC. The simulations, which take account of all aspects including the envelope, as well as users' practices, are based on kernel calculation Energy.Inordertohelpmakebetterdecisions,theyalsotake into account climatic conditions and provide an estimate of the annual electricity consumption related to cooling a zone. This global analysis helps to qualify them by assigning an energylabel.

T.Wessapanet.al[5]conductedresearchontheportabilityof an air conditioning heat pump unit that uses a helical coil

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heat exchanger making use of both heating and cooling systems to maximize energy utilization by using the waste heat recovery from an airconditioner, for warming water. In recent years, there have been some scholars who study the useofahelicalheatexchangerforrecoveringwasteheatfrom domesticwater cooledairconditioners.However,thereisno evidence that the helical heat exchanger has ever been used with a portable air conditioning system to improve the cooling performance of a portable A/C unit and enhance its heat recovery performance. The portable air conditioning heat pump unit was fabricated in the lab and then tested at waterflowratesrangingbetween0.5 2litersperminute.In the experiments at full load conditions, they measured and evaluated cooling performance, heat recovery, and power consumptionfordifferentwaterflowrates.

Vahid Khalajzadeh et.al [6] conducted a study in which researchers conducted a case in Iran's capital city of Tehran. TheIECfacedrestrictionsduringcertainsummerdays sothe team chose it as their geographical location to examine the thermal performance of decentralization and centralization systems.Sincecentralizedheatingisnotalwayssufficientfor comfortconditions,theydecidedtoexploredifferentsystems thatwouldprovidebetterresults.Atemperate,dryclimateis found in Tehran. The wet bulb temperature is less than 23℃ and the dry bulb temperature goes down to less than 40 ℃ Aluminumfinswithstaggeredcoppertubesthatcoolairfora smalldwellingairconditioner,wherewaterandairmassflow rate is chosen to be suitable for the type of unit being used. Other CCU specifications are presented. An indirect evaporative heat exchanger is used to provide a cooling performance and increase the efficiency of a hybrid system, whichhasanairtemperatureattheexitofeachsectionabout 8 11◦ Clowerthanthatinlet.Thus,theambientairisableto enterIECwithalowerwet bulbtemperature.Inthiscase,the maximum and minimum heat reduction in the GCC are 4.5 kJ/s and 3.1 kJ/s, respectively; while there is maximum cooling effectiveness of 0.73 and minimum cooling effectivenessof0.59.Thisprocessofpre coolinghelpstheIEC to achieve higher performance. By integrating an additional cooling device into the unit, its total cooling effectiveness increasessignificantly.Theproposedsystem'seffectivenessis greater than unity, which means that this system can decreaseairtemperaturesbelowwet bulbtemperature.

Takahiko Miyazaki et. al. [7] have developed a building integrated photovoltaic thermal (BIPVT) setup, with the goal of developing a passive cooling device that can effectively minimize the cooling load on central air conditioners in hot andhumid weather.Theauthorsrecommendedusing a solar

chimneyandadewpointevaporativecoolertoincorporatea passive cooling system into a structure. The cooling performance of the system with a modified design has been simulated in this study. Evaporative cooling is a way of coolingoutdoorairbeforesupplyingittoanarea.Bothactive and passive systems can benefit from evaporative cooling. Evaporative cooling for passive systems is a field that has been relatively unexplored, and the technology to combine it with building structures is still in the works. The passive system, which consisted of a south wall collector and a roof duct with an evaporative cooling surface, was shown to control temperature fluctuations in the room, keeping it around 30°C during the summer while the ambient temperature reached 42°C at its highest. Chungloo and Limmeechokchai assessed the performance of a solar chimney with a water sprayed roof, and the results showed that when the two passive measures were combined, the room air temperature dropped by 2.0 6.2 degrees Celsius when compared to the ambient temperature. Maerefat and Haghighi developed a system with a solar chimney and an evaporative cooling chamber by employing a mathematical model toinvestigate the effectsof geometrical dimensionsas well as ambient conditions on cooling effectiveness. The results showed that the proposed system could improve indoorconditionswithalowsolarintensityof200W/m2and a high ambient temperature of 40°C. They found that the system produced suitable interior air conditions at a high ambienttemperatureandrelativehumidityoflessthan50%, but that the relative humidity of the ambient air had a significanteffectonroomairtemperature.Passivecoolingisa cooling technique that does not rely on active mechanical equipment, such as pumps and fans, but instead depends on buoyant air movement to provide cooling. Solar chimneys, Trombewalls,anddoublefacadesareallexamplesofdevices that rely on the stack effect to stimulate air movement, and the increased natural ventilation provided by those devices will provide cooling. In a hot and humid climate, natural ventilation on the other hand may compromise building thermalcomfort,asthetemperatureandhumidityofoutdoor airduringthedayaresignificantlyhigherthanthatofanair conditioned room. During the summer months, it is not uncommonforoutsideairtemperaturesinJapantoexceed25 degreesCelsiusthroughoutthenight.

Jakkula Rajesh et.al.[8] did a detailed study of the vapor compression refrigeration cycle, as well as the classification of condensers and evaporators in refrigeration and air conditioning systems. A portable air conditioner's coefficient ofperformance(COP)utilizingR22wascalculatedandfound tobe8.96.

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Shahi Satyam et.al [9] researched and developed a portable air conditioner system that meets the users' needs at the lowestpossiblecost,andthemanufacturingandmaintenance costsareextremelylow.Ithascomparablecoolingpowertoa wallairconditioner,iseasilytransportable,andcanbemoved anywhere. It is small and so would be suitable for our bedroom,livingroom,andkitchen.Itiscompletelynon toxic.

GarudAkhileshRavindraet.al[10]developedaportable A.C. thatisextremelysimpletoinstall,anditisgenerallycheaper to implement additional energy saving measures when retrofitting work is already being performed on a building than when the hospital is in normal operation. They eliminatedtheneedforacentralizedairconditioningsystem.

W. N. Fakhira[11] developed a thermoelectric air cooler that is feasible and marketable. The thermoelectric air cooler is based on a Peltier for cooling, and it fulfills the basic air conditioner functions. The thermoelectric air coolers were tested on their functions and reliability of construction. Human factors taught us that people can be uncomfortable becauseofseveralfactors.Temperatureisoneofthem,aswe all know that certain countries, particularly those with a tropical climate, such as South East Asia, have a hot temperature climate. Because of this, a thermoelectric air cooler is one of the most important things that can help a student feel comfortable. This thermoelectric air cooler is a good deal for students because of its shape, which makes it easy for them to carry it everywhere. Some students have limited space for air conditioning, so this smart thermoelectric air cooler can be fitted in a study space near theusertofreeupthatspaceforanairconditioner.Becauseit is lightweight and portable, the thermoelectric air coolers couldberelocatedandsetupquicker

Nilesh Ambaji Jadhav [12] noticed the problem of global warming as the conventional air conditioning system gives outChloro FluoroCarbonresultingindepletionof the Ozone layerduetoglobalwarming.Nowadaysthereisaday’spower crisis. So, importance should be given to power saving and energy conservation. After noticing all the problems like this he developed a 360° air cooler and heater to reduce the consumptionofenergy.360°aircoolerandheaterisadevice used to cool or heat the air according to the requirement of theuser.Aconventionalairconditioningsystemusesthreeto five times electricity as compared to the 360° air cooler and heaterwhichresultsintheemissionofaconsiderableamount of heat resulting in global warming. In this project 360˚ air coolercumheaterwillbedesigned,developed,andfabricated forlowoperationalandoverallcost.

VigneshRaviet.al[13]hasDesignedAndFabricatedtheMINI AIRCOOLERinwhichthecoolingofairbyusingcoldwateror any other refrigerant is circulated in the copper tube for the purposeofreducingtheheatinthesurroundingenvironment, where it is of great importance in widely distributed villages with little or no rural electrification and also in the urban areas where power shortage is often in practice. They identifiedtheproblemofpoorpeopleandthepowershortage problemandworkedonthisproject.

7. CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES

InIndia,oneofthebiggestno.ofstudentsisinthehostelsand a large no of the population are lower middle class families and they live as tenants. In India the most vulnerable season to sustain is Summer. The temperature during summer season in India can vary from 25℃to 45℃and this range is getting higher every year due to global warming, these temperatures when paired with excess humidity are a nightmare for Indians. Temperatures in low lying areas may exceed 50℃during the months of May and June, leading to heat waves that can kill hundreds of Indians that are left without any cooling solutions. The cooling systems present today lack features that are essential for lower middle class families and hostel students. For these lower middle class families and hostel students, the most important features a cooling system must have are affordability, lower running cost, low maintenance cost, compact size to be able to fit in smaller rooms, portability, and the optimum cool air for comfort.

People of today's generation are increasingly interested in technology,astheyaimforoptimumcomfortandwell being while also possessing the technology to attain it. People nowadays prefer smaller air conditioner units and other air regulating appliances, and these types of technologies are constantly created and desired by consumers who wish to managetheairclimateintheirhomesorplacesofbusiness.

As Refrigerants used in the air conditioner are the main cause and continue to cause serious environmental issues, including ozone depletion and climate change, as several countries have not yet ratified the Kigali Amendment to reduce the consumption and production of hydrofluorocarbons. Currently, almost all the air conditioners use around 20% of energy consumption in buildings globally, and the expected growth of the usage of air conditioning due to climate change and technology uptake will drive significant energy demand growth. As a substitute for continual air conditioning includes passive

cooling, passive solar cooling, natural ventilation, operating shadestoreducesolargain,usingtrees,architecturalshades, and windows (and using window coatings) to reduce solar gain.

8. CONCLUSIONS

Asaconclusion,wecanconcludethattheportableaircooler satisfies the needs of the consumer at the most economical cost. The portable air cooler has a very low maintenance cost. It provides the facility of portability and can move anywhereeasily.Itissmallerinsize,henceitwouldsitnicely in our bedroom, drawing room, and kitchen and it is completely non polluting because we are using ice as a coolingmedium.

REFERENCES

[1] Somchai Jiajitsawat, "A Portable Hybrid Thermoelectric Direct Evaporative Air Cooling System" Naresuan University Journal2012.

[2] Bogdan Porumba, Paula Ungureşana, Lucian Fechete Tutunarua,AlexandruŞerbanb&MugurBălana,“Areviewof indirect evaporative cooling technology”, Energy Procedia 85,461 471,2016.

[3] N.Beemkumar, D.Yuvarajan, J.Jayaprabakar, Department of mechanical engineering, “Experimental Investigation on AirCoolerwithThermalStorage”,pg.205 211IEEE,2010

[4] Franck Lucasa, Pascal Ortegaa, Mathieu Davidb, Frantz Sinamab, Boris Brangeonb Fabien Picgirardc, “A Method To Evaluate Energy Performance Of Buildings Cooled By Room Air Conditioners”, The 7th International Conference On AppliedEnergy Icae,pg.1275 1283,2015

[5] T.Wessapan,T.Borirak,S.Teeksap,“ADevelopmentofa Portable Air Conditioning Heat Pump Unit using Helical Coil HeatExchanger”,2ndInternationalConferenceonComputer EngineeringandTechnology,v5186 189,Thailand2010

[6] Vahid Khalajzadeh, Moien Farmahini Farahani 1, GhassemHeidarinejad,“Anovelintegratedsystemofground heatexchangerandindirectevaporativecooler’’Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box14115 143,Tehran,Iran13January2012.

[7] Jakkula Rajesh, Suresh Akella, K. Sainath, “Portable Air Conditioner Design for Fabrication”, International Journal of

Research in Engineering, Science and Management, Volume 1,Issue 10,October 2018

[8] Takahiko Miyazaki, Atsushi Akisawaa, Isao Nikai, “The cooling performance of a building integrated evaporative cooling system driven by solar energy’’, Engineering Consultant, 5 7 12 Kiminomori minami, Ooami shirasatomachi,Sanbugun,Chiba299 3241,Japan2011.

[9] Shahi Satyam, Sucheta Jagtap, Sanap Archana, Patil Swapnil,“DesignandDevelopmentofPortableAir Conditioner”, International Journal for Research in EngineeringApplication&Management,Vol 02,Issue07,Oct 2016

[10] Garud Akhilesh Ravindra, Dolas Nikhil Rajendra, Mahajan Sumit Prakash, Jadhav Rahul Devidas, Prof. Thakare Rakesh Balwant, “Review Study of Portable Air Conditioner”, International Journal of Engineering and management research,Volume 6,Issue 2,March April2016

[11] W N Fakhiraand, M K Fadzly, “Smart Portable Air Cooler Using Thermoelectric Peltier”, AIP Publishing,020150 1 to 5, 2019

[12] Nilesh Ambaji Jadhav,” DESIGN OF 360° AIR COOLER AND HEATER”, Journal of Emerging Technologies and InnovativeResearch,Volume6,Issue1,2019

[13] VIGNESH RAVI, A.SATHISHKUMAR, N.SIVA, R.RAVIKUMAR.” DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF MINI AIR COOLER,InternationalResearchJournalof Engineering and Technology (IRJET)”, Volume: 03 Issue: 12 Dec 2016

BIOGRAPHIES

Mr. Prabuddha Kr Verma was born in 2001 in Lucknow Uttar Pradesh India. He is currently pursuing his Bachelor of Technology degree in Mechanical Engineering from BBDITM. Lucknow( affiliated to Dr. A.P.J. AbdulKalamTechnicalUniversity Lucknow)

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Mr. Abhishek Sarkar was born in 2000 in Lucknow Uttar Pradesh India. He is currently pursuing his Bachelor of Technology degreeinMechanicalEngineering from BBDITM. Lucknow( affiliatedtoDr.A.P.J.AbdulKalam TechnicalUniversityLucknow)

Mr. Adarsh Singh was born in 2000 in Lucknow Uttar Pradesh India. He is currently pursuing his Bachelor of Technology degreeinMechanicalEngineering from BBDITM. Lucknow( affiliatedtoDr.A.P.J.AbdulKalam TechnicalUniversityLucknow)

Mr. Shadan Kamal was born in 2000 in Lucknow Uttar Pradesh India. He is currently pursuing his Bachelor of Technology degreeinMechanicalEngineering from BBDITM. Lucknow( affiliatedtoDr.A.P.J.AbdulKalam TechnicalUniversityLucknow)

Mrs. Garima Singh was born in 1986 in Lucknow Uttar Pradesh India. She is an Assistant professor in BBDITM . Lucknow( affiliatedtoDr.A.P.J.AbdulKalam TechnicalUniversityLucknow)