International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 09 Issue: 05 | May 2022
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
Real-time Monitoring of Forest Using High-Altitude Pseudo-Satellite Sapan Patidar1, DR. Ashish Agrawal2 1Student,
Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Madhav Institute of Technology & Science, Madhya Pradesh, India Professor, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Madhav Institute of Technology & Science, Madhya Pradesh, India ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------2Assistant
Abstract - Other than the defence, a forest is an area
supply, they are unable to provide continuous information for a longer period.
where continuous and real-time surveillance is required to protect the forest from Poachers, Forest-fire, ill-legal felling of trees, ill-legal mining, and monitoring of on-duty forest guards. Due to terrain or geographical constraints and poor availability of manpower, an aerial platform makes the task easy by providing a bird’s eye view, but the existing platforms are unable to provide real-time data continuously for long period. This article will show why we need real-time monitoring of forest and how High Altitude Pseudo-Satellite (HAPS) can full-fill the existing capability gaps in “real-time monitoring” and helps to secure forests. Using HAPS we can detect ill-legal activities/forest-fire and communicate the information in real-time.
1.12 Space-born platforms- “Satellites” are grouped in two categories based on their orbits. (a) Earth synchronoussatellites orbit at an altitude of 36000km above the equator and move from west to east which makes them stationary relative to the Earth. This helps us to get continuous information on large areas. It is used for weather forecasting and telecommunication. These satellites orbit at very high altitudes, so we get relatively low-resolution data. (b) Sunsynchronous/Natural Resource Satellites- Satellites present in Low Earth Orbit (LEO 800-1000km altitude), move from the north pole to the south pole and provide high-resolution data but at frequent intervals[]. Hence continuous monitoring does not facilitate.
Key Words: Pseudo-satellite, HAPS, real-time monitoring, forest, forest-fire, UAV.
Both the existing platforms have their own capabilities and limitations and based on their capabilities they both have different tasks to perform.
1. INTRODUCTION Forest is a large area with rich flora and fauna. Gathering data about the forest using remote-sensing techniques for mapping forest & biodiversity, precision forestry, and sustainable forest planning management [1], and recording the information which is not visible to humankind is relatively easy. Due to its vastness, difficult terrain, and wildlife, patrolling all day for the protection of forests and wildlife in all weather conditions is very difficult for human beings. So we need an aerial platform having long endurance and can provide high-resolution coverage 24*7 in all weather conditions. So that, if some ill-legal or some human activity or forest fire is detected it should be communicated in real-time because beyond that forest geography is such that if we send a team one day after then that is too late.
Fig-1: altitude of different platforms
1.1 Existing platforms
2. High-Altitude Pseudo-Satellite (HAPS)
“Remote sensing is the art and science of obtaining information about an object, area, or phenomenon through the analysis of data acquired by a device without being in physical contact”[2]. We can mount the required sensors on two types of platforms for remote sensing.
High-Altitude Pseudo satellite is a solar-powered high altitude long endurance UAV, watching over Earth from the stratosphere. The term "Pseudo-Satellite” is used because of its capability to stay above an area for a very long period like a satellite. Its flying altitude is just above the commercial aircraft and drones but operates like a Satellite. The best working altitude is 20km, 8-10km above commercial airlines. Here the wind speed is sufficient enough for them to hold the position for long period. It can remain in its position for weeks or months. Technologically the main advantage of
1.11 Air-born platforms – “Drones and aircraft” fall into this category. They can provide very high-resolution data because of their low flying ability but due to limited power
© 2022, IRJET
|
Impact Factor value: 7.529
|
ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal
|
Page 1845