International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 09 Issue: 05 | May 2022
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
Harmonic Analysis of Non-Linear Loads in Distribution System and Mitigation Using Passive Filters. Sulibhavi Vishwanath .A1, Dr. S. G. Ankaliki 2 1M.Tech
Scholar, Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, SDMCET Dharwad, Karnataka, India. & HOD, Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering,SDMCET Dharwad, Karnataka ,India. ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------2Professor
Abstract - Linear and nonlinear loads are the two types of
loads in a power system. As the use of nonlinear loads such as power electronic devices, bridge rectifiers, arc furnaces, air conditioners, computers, UPS (uninterruptible Power Supply), fluorescent lamps, and other nonlinear loads increases, the injection of harmonics into the source increases. To improve power quality, a variety of harmonic mitigation strategies are available. Different types of passive filters were built with the input parameters in this work. MATLAB SIMULINK software is employed to simulate the results. Key Words: Linear & Non-linear loads, Bridge Rectifier, Total Harmonic Distortion (THD), Passive Filters, STF, DTF and C-Type Filter.
1. INTRODUCTION Many loads are now nonlinear due to the exponential adoption of power electronic components. Harmonics are introduced into the system by this nonlinear load, prohibiting utilities from providing high-quality power to their customers. According to IEEE Recommended Practice for Monitoring Power Quality, power quality is defined as "the concept of powering and grounding sensitive equipment in a manner that is suitable for operation of that equipment" (IEEE Std 1159- 1995). When harmonics are introduced into a system, the sinusoidal voltage and current are disturbed or deviated from the fundamental frequency, and the loads may be affected as a result of the harmonic impacts. Harmonics produce copper loss, iron loss, dielectric loss, and thermal stress in cables, transformers, and rotating machines; THD can be decreased using filters to improve power quality. Active and passive harmonic filters are the two primary types of harmonic filters. Low pass and high pass filters are two types of passive filters. Because it is connected in shunt with the load and provides a low impedance path at resonance (XL = XC), low pass filters (LPF) are employed to minimize current harmonics. Because it is connected in series with the load and provides a high impedance path during resonance, high pass filters (HPF) are employed to minimize voltage harmonics. Passive filters reduce harmonics and enhance power factor while compensating for reactive power. Passive filters provide the following advantages; low cost, simple design and implementation, and great reliability. It is © 2022, IRJET
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Impact Factor value: 7.529
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incapable of resolving random fluctuations in load current waveforms. Passive filters, on the other hand, are best suited for consistent loads since they eliminate or bypass predetermined harmonics of current (3rd, 5th, 7th, etc.) by adjusting the passive filters at resonance frequency. Because a power system typically contains several frequency harmonics, a set of parallel tuned filters is required to filter harmonics. For mitigating Harmonics, the double tuned filters optimal solution compare to two parallel single tuned passive Filters for mitigating 5th and 7th Harmonic filters, as well as a special sort of C-Type High Pass Filter for reducing 3rd Harmonic. Lower order harmonics are more harmful to power quality compare to the High order harmonics. In This Proposed work, the Design & performance of STF, DTF & Special type of C- Type High pass filter was studied and simulated using MATLAB software.DTF provides the optimal solution when compared to two separate parallel connected single tuned passive filters is evident from this work.
2. LINEAR AND NON-LINEAR LOADS 2.1 Linear Loads Linear loads are defined as any load that draws a sinusoidal current (with the same frequency) when a sinusoidal voltage is applied. They only have resistors (R), inductors (L), and capacitors as active components (C). Power Factor Improvement Capacitors, Incandescent Lamps, and Heaters are examples of linear loads.
Fig -1: Linear Load.
2.2 Non-Linear Loads Any load that draws a non-sinusoidal current when a sinusoidal voltage is given to it is classified as a non-linear load. Rectifiers, IGBTs, Diodes, MOSFETs, SCRs, and other Power Electronic Devices are included. Personal computers, ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal
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