International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 09 Issue: 05 | May 2022
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
A Novel Over Voltage and Under Voltage Protecting System for Industrial and Domestic Applications Dr. Shimpy Ralhan , Mr Mayank Lahare, Sakshi Singh, Rohan Dewangan Assistance professor, Department of electrical and electronics engineering, SSTC, Bhilai (C.G.) INDIA Under graduate student, Department of electrical and electronics engineering, SSTC, Bhilai, (C.G.) INDIA --------------------------------------------------------------------------***---------------------------------------------------------------------------Abstract: This document introduces a new system to protect industrial and residential loads from AC mains overvoltages and undervoltages. Rapid changes in voltage are a major problem for enterprises and household machinery and bring misery to electrical circuits. On-time circuit cells delay the alternating flooding of the heap and switching (switching on and off) too quickly. This is an inexpensive automatic poweroff circuit made using transistors and other discrete components.
The main goal of this study is to create indicators for low and high voltages. The proposed device protects expensive electrical and electronic equipment from the opposite effects of overvoltage and undervoltage protection. The circuitry of this system has an auto-reset feature and uses easily accessible components. Within the 555 timer, use the available comparators. The main parts of this study are: 555 timer. There are various protection techniques to protect electrical and electronic devices from various unexpected voltages such as overvoltage, undervoltage, common mode voltage, and voltage based on electromagnetic interference.
Keywords: undervoltage, overvoltage, industrial application, home application, protection system.
This paper introduces the basics of overvoltage and undervoltage, the causes of overvoltage and undervoltage, and the effects of overvoltage and undervoltage on power systems. This white paper also details the proposed protection system.
1. INTRODUCTION Unexpected voltage changes are a huge problem in businesses and in homes, and they cause problems in electrical circuits. The On-time put off circuit cells the heap from flood replacement as well as the impact of fast changeover (on and off). This is a synthetic car cut-off circuit that uses transistors and other discrete parts to save money.
2. UNDERVOLTAGE Low voltage is defined as a sudden drop in RMS voltage (RMS value) and is usually characterized by the remaining (held) voltage. Therefore, low voltage is a shortterm drop in effective value. Voltages caused primarily by short circuits, large motor starts, and equipment failures. In addition, undervoltages can be categorized according to their duration, as shown in the graph.
Therefore, problems caused by sagging, overvoltage, and undervoltage need to be eliminated and are probably detected and protected with the help of this system. In this paper, we have established a circuit that can trip to a voltage of less than 198 volts, which is 0.9, which is nominally 220 volts. The sag is miles, and under voltage conditions, the circuit continues open to prevent current flow. In this case, the down relay of the circuit remains open. If the voltage rises above the rated voltage of 1.1, 242 volts, and it is in a threshold and overvoltage condition, the circuit's top relay remains open during this time, leaving the circuit open. Therefore, you can protect expensive equipment by supplying power through this circuit.
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Fig 1: Under voltage
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