International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 09 Issue: 05 | May 2022
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
CARDIO VASCULAR ALERTING SYSTEM FOR POST – OP CABG PATIENTS Anandha Kumar R1, Thamotharan M2, Kamalesh Kumar P S 3, Selva Sindhuja R4, Pavithra R5 Department of BME Hindusthan College of Engineering and Technology Coimbatore, India ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------1,2,3,4,5
Abstract - Our approach gives the perfect solution to the
medical care, so continuous ECG monitoring in real time is needed and wearable ECG sensors. This unwanted heart attack and sudden death can be prevented by early detection and timely treatment of arrhythmia which will reduce the heart attack in people and also prevent the loss of life.
issues that the patient experiencing post-op coronary artery bypass graft. Cardiovascular disease affects the blood vessel and the heart, and this may lead disease like the heart attack, arrhythmia, cardiomyopathy, coronary artery disease, the heart failure, rheumatic heart diseases, congenital heart disease, and an Aorta disease syndrome etc. As a result, this may lead to coronary artery bypass surgery. For our proposed smart system to detect dysrhythmia using ST Wave for post-op Coronary artery bypass operated patients. The main purpose of this project is to monitor health parameters like blood pressure, stress and pulse will be monitored through various sensor. Those sensors are used along with EKG in this system. If the system detected any abnormalities, it will directly call to nurses. When any of the sensed values exceeds the threshold level then an alarm will turn on. Our proposed system will also reduce the work of nurses in order to monitoring patients.
2. EXISTING AND PROPOSED SOLUTION 2.1 Being a problem After CABG surgery, the patient moved to Cardio-Thoracic unit, where the patient is continuously monitored in the ratio of 2:1 which is Nurse to patient. Patient monitoring systems is the only one which is used to monitoring the grafted patients.
2.2 Proposed result This device consists of bodily sensor related to microcontroller, code has been written with Arduino IDE, and the microcontroller is interfaced with ECG sensor and pulse sensor. ESP32 microcontroller has a total number of 30 pins & there are 25 pins for input & output, it can operate upto, 2.4GHZ, the maximum current each port can sink or source is around 240 mA. When contact is made with patient, ECG sensor start sensing ECG waveform from patient. This device mainly focus on detecting the elevation of ST- segment. The normal interval between S&T segment are upto, 0.1mV. If there is any increase in ST elevation or depression than the normal range, the counter will start count. The count from counter will be compared on timely basis (here we are comparing for each hour) with the standard values that are defined in Code. If the count increases beyond the normal range, the buzzer starts alarming, whose frequency depends on the intensity of Abnormalities. This helps the healthcare provider to handle the abnormalities prior to any health complications. We also included the pulse sensor, which serves dual purpose in our project. The first one is to monitor pulse rate and the second is based on pulse rate we can scale the stress or pain in patient due to after effects of Surgery or drug administration , which will help to identify complications during their unconscious state.[1]
Key Words: Cardiovascular, Dysrhythmia, ST wave, EKG, CABG, Alarm.
1. INTRODUCTION Heart is the most important organ of circulatory system in the human body, as they possess pumping of the blood all over to the body. One may undergo coronary artery bypass surgery because of poor blood flow to the heart in the people who are suffering by severe coronary artery disease (CAD). During CABG treatment, a healthy artery from another part of the body is grafted to the blocked or part of embolus in the coronary artery. This new passage enroute the oxygen-rich blood around the blockage to the cardiac muscle, and it resumes more active lifestyle. Arrhythmia is an important portion, and if there is no timely treatment, acute arrhythmic symptoms may cause high death rate. Even for some arrhythmias that are not looming life-threatening, patients may need medical care or attention for preventing future health deterioration. Therefore, continuous ECG monitoring is needed by patients and even by normal people with uncomfortable heart feelings. Most doctor’s choice for continuous ECG monitoring is the Holter monitor, it usually records patient’s ECG data for 24 to 48 hours, but the Holter monitor system cannot perform diagnosis in real time and only the data of recorded period is analysed, if there were severe [1]Arrhythmic heart beats happening during recording or Arrhythmic heart beats happen outside the recorded episode, patients cannot get timely warning or
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3. DESIGN AND ARCHITECTURE In this paper, the author describes the workflow of the cardiovascular alerting system. The system comprises of mainly three units. Processing unit, Rectifier unit and
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