International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 09 Issue: 05 | May 2022
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
The impact of the floods in the Kuzhur panchayat and the depth of the floods in the area as the spillway of Peringalkuth were opened. Vimod KK1, Binu Jhons2, Praveen P Raj3 Department of Forest Health Division Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi, Thrissur, Kerala ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------1. INTRODUCTION Abstract - Floods are one of the strongest forces on earth. Floods arise when water surges the land that is already dry. Floods are one of the major causes of natural disasters change to the economy, environmental damage, destruction of human settlements, and public-private services there for the floods are the most devastating disasters. River floods are the most frequent and often devastating. It is mainly due to excessive rain, ruptured dam or levee, tides or cyclonic surges, rapid melting of snow, temporary backwater effects in sewers and local drainage channels, creation of unsanitary conditions, deposition of materials in stream channels during flood recession, the rise of groundwater coincident with increased streamflow and other geo-environmental influences. India is a developing country and floods have been a regular phenomenon in the country from time immemorial. Almost every year floods of varying magnitude affect some parts of the country or others. Different regions of the country have different climates and rainfall patterns and so some parts face devastating floods and other parts may experience drought conditions at the same time. In recent years, many flood events were reported in the country which has caused damage to life and property. Kerala is a south-western state of India and its population is 3.46 crore (2018) with a total area of 38,863km2. The state is divided into 14 districts within 941 panchayats. Usually, Kerala receives rainfall of about 3000mm annually. In 2018, the intensity of the southwest monsoon was very high which resulted in severe flooding. This flood was recorded as the highest flood that the Kerala state has ever experienced. Earlier the “Great flood of 99” was reported as the highest flood in Kerala in the year 1924 where the rain continued for about 3 weeks and many districts of present Kerala were submerged in the water. The 2018 flood inundated 13 out of 14 districts in the state. The study was conducted in the Kuzhur panchayat which is one of the best panchayats in the Thrissur district. Kuzhur panchayat is a panchayat that was completely submerged in the 2018 floods. It is located in the Mala block of Mukunthapuram taluk and the panchayat is bordered by Mala, Annamada Panchayats in the north, Poyya, and Puthanvelikara panchayats in the west, Chalakudy river in the south, Annamada and Parakadavu panchayats in the east. Kuzhur is 37.6 km far from its District Main City, Thrissur.
Key Words: Landslide, GIS, Kuzhur, Flood, LULC, etc.
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Earth has many powerful forces and we say natural disasters are one among them. A flood is a natural disaster that causes harm to the people, and environment and also disturbs the economic development of the place. Human societies worldwide have lived and died with floods from the very beginning, spawning a prominent role of floods within legends, religions, and history (Jim E. O’Connor and John E. Costa 2004). Most floods take hours or even days to develop giving residents time to prepare or evacuate. Murray and Ebi, (2012) stated that flash floods are caused by an excessive amount of rain falling within a short period of time or the massive amount of water suddenly released from rivers or dams. Flash floods are difficult to predict because they are characterized by quick and intense runoff generation that leads to a rapid rise of water levels and discharges reaching to peak within less than one hour to a few hours after the onset of the generating storm (Borga et al., 2011). Floods have been a regular phenomenon in the Indian subcontinent from time immemorial. The flash floods of Uttarakhand in June 2013, Jammu & Kashmir in 2014, Chennai Flood in 2015, etc. are the major flood events reported in the country. The ‘Great flood of 99’ was a severe flood reported in Kerala in 1924 which plunged many districts in water. Kerala Flood of 2018 was the highest flood that the Kerala state has ever experienced. This flood inundated 13 out of 14 districts in the state. As the rainfall data of IMD, Kerala received about 2346.6 mm of rainfall from June 1st, 2018 to August 19th, 2018 in contrast to an expected 1649.5 mm. Kerala authorities opened the shutters of 35 of the state’s 39 dams, which had reached dangerously high water levels. Floods were so severe that the entire state was brought to a standstill for many days. Kerala flood caused the death of more than 483 people and economic damage exceeding $3 billion. More than 1 million people were displaced and 3,274 relief camps were opened. The crops of 54,000 hectares were destroyed and 537 landslides were reported. The roads and bridges were damaged which covered 16000 km and 221 bridges respectively. This study analyses the flood impact on Kuzhur Panchayat, Thrissur District where more than 60% of the panchayat was affected by the flood of 2018. The study was carried out using Remote Sensing and GIS. ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal
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