International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 09 Issue: 05 | May 2022
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
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Parametric Analysis and Design Optimization Investigation of a Single Layer Proximity Fed Array Antenna with Slotted Ground Plane Jacob Abraham Associate Professor, Department of Electronics B P C College, Piravom P.O, Eranakulam, Kerala, India, tjacobabra@gmail.com ---------------------------------------------------------------------***---------------------------------------------------------------------
Abstract - A In this paper, a microstrip patch array antenna
the reported techniques used to enhance impedance bandwidth of microstrip patch antennas are by using stacked parasitic technique [1], microstrip line electromagnetically coupled to antenna [2], and modified shaped patch antenna [3]. Traditionally each antenna operates in a single band, where different antennas are required for various applications. It will cause a limited space and place problem. In order to overcome this problem, multiband antenna can be used, in which a single antenna can operate at many frequency bands. Some of the techniques used to develop dual band microstrip patch antenna are slot loaded patch antenna [4], using fractal geometries in designing patch structure [5] and by using a pair of L slits in the ground [6]. Another important limitation with microstrip patch antenna is its low gain. Several methods are reported to increase the gain of antenna. Array configuration was effectively used for the enhancement of gain in microstrip patch antenna [7]. Some of the other methods used to enhance gain include use of air substrate [8] and resonance method which involves use of a superstrate [9].
configuration with a new coupling method is presented. Basic microstrip patch array antenna configuration consisting of a pair of radiating patches coupled in close proximity to a microstrip feed line in the same plane along with a slotted ground plane. By employing directly coupled microstrip patch to the non-radiating edges of the each microstrip patch of the basic configuration, enhancement in bandwidth and gain is achieved with dual band operation. Parametric analyses were performed using CST Microwave Studio simulator to understand effect of various antenna dimension parameters. This microstrip patch array provides resonances at two frequencies of 2.468GHz and 3.616GHz. The proposed single layer proximity fed array antenna with slotted ground plane is suitable for WLAN and WiMAX. This array antenna configuration has a measured gain of 9.4 dBi and 6.03dBi respectively with impedance bandwidth of 4.41% and 5.66% respectively across first and second band. The simulated results are in good agreement with the experimental results.
One of the commonly used methods to enhance bandwidth and gain of microstrip patch antenna simultaneously is by using the concept of gap coupled parasitic elements [10]. A novel microstrip patch antenna configuration consists of a pair of square radiating patches coupled in close proximity to a microstrip line in the same side and a coupling arrow shaped slot on the other side is reported in [11]. Generally defected ground structure is implemented in microstrip antenna for various applications like mutual coupling reduction in antenna array, miniaturized antennas, harmonic suppression and cross polar reduction [12]. In the proposed work the microstrip feed line is used to excite the radiating patches through a tapered arrow dumb-bell shaped slot on the ground plane. The defected geometry etched in the ground plane disturbs its current distribution. This distribution affects transmission line characteristics, which causes an increase in effective capacitance and inductance results in coupling more energy to the radiating patches. Recently a number of papers on dual band antennas were reported for WLAN/WiMAX applications which are popular networks to access the internet [13-15]. Although this antenna demonstrates their own merits, they have either limited bandwidth or limited gain. The antenna proposed here can be used for WLAN/ WiMAX application with enhanced bandwidth and better gain.
Key Words: microstrip patch array, proximity feed, coupled parasitic patch, parametric analysis, slotted ground plane .
1. INTRODUCTION Due to rapid development in the field of wireless communication technology the demand for compact and small size antennas are becomes higher. Microstrip patch antennas are well suited for the demand. The microstrip antenna consists of a radiating patch on one side of a dielectric substrate and a ground plane on the other side. Microstrip patch antennas are extensively used in satellite, wireless and mobile communication applications due to advantages like light weight, conformable to planar and nonplanar surfaces, inexpensive to manufacture and mechanically robust when mounted on rigid surfaces. One of the major requirements for modern communication devices is to operate at wider band so that the antenna can support high speed internet, multimedia communication and many other broadband services. However, microstrip patch antennas have inherent limitations on narrow impedance bandwidth and low gain. To overcome the inherent limitation of narrow impedance bandwidth and low gain of microstrip antenna many techniques have been suggested and investigated. Some of
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