International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) Volume: 09 Issue: 05 | May 2022
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e-ISSN: 2395-0056 p-ISSN: 2395-0072
Spatial Difference in Housing and Household Amenities between SC and Non-SC Category in Haryana, India (2011) Sandeep Research Scholar, Department of Geography, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------***---------------------------------------------------------------------------compared to non-scheduled caste households in rural and Abstract – urban areas in all the 21 districts in Haryana. With permanent house availability, there are five selected basic The basic need of human life is housing and household amenities such as availability of drinking water (within amenities. It is an important indicator of social welfare as premises), kitchen (inside house), electricity, latrine well. The absence or low level of these amenities in an area (within premises), and bathroom (within premises) have or in any section of society is the result of lack of financial been taken for analysis. The study is based on the resources the demand-supply gap and inefficiency of secondary source of data obtained from the Census of institutions. The present study work has tried to analyze the India, 2011. status of the availability of selected household amenities among scheduled caste households as compared to nonThe United Nations are given emphasis towards achieving scheduled caste households in rural and urban areas in all Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) encompassing the 21 districts in Haryana. With permanent house employment opportunities, social protection, basic availability, there are five selected basic amenities such as requirements, services access for all inclusively. And this availability of drinking water (within premises), kitchen can be achieved by strengthening governance and (inside house), electricity, latrine (within premises), and updating the international policy and harnessing the bathroom (within premises) have been taken for analysis. In power of all stakeholders judiciously. Moreover, there India, there have been many programs, plans, and initiatives should be no person left behind anywhere in this age of run by central and state governments to improve access to technological advancement. There is not supposed to be basic household amenities. The present study is completely hungry, without shelter, clean water and sanitation, and based on secondary data, collected from the Census of India access to basic health services and education. These basic for 2011. Statistical techniques like standard deviation, Zamenities are human rights of people to have a decent life score, and composite index are used in the present study. The [United Nations General Assembly, 2013]. result indicated that there is a significant difference between scheduled castes and non-scheduled castes households in the 2. OBJECTIVE availability of housing and selected household amenities in both rural and urban areas in Haryana. And this has happened despite of several schemes especially designed for To analyze and make a comparison of access to housing the welfare of scheduled castes in the state. and selected household amenities between scheduled caste and non-scheduled caste households in rural and Key Words: Household, Amenities, Resources, urban areas in Haryana. Electricity, Sanitation
3. STUDY AREA
1. INTRODUCTION
The area of the present study is Haryana state. The state was established on 1st November 1966 and the capital of the state is Chandigarh. It is a small state located in the northwest part of the country between 27 degrees 37' to 30 degrees 35' latitude and between 74 degrees 28' to 77 degrees 36' longitude. It comprises part of the IndoGangetic plain. It is bounded by Uttar Pradesh in the east, Punjab in the west, Himachal Pradesh in the north, and Rajasthan in the south. It covers a geographical area of
The basic need of human life is housing and household amenities. It is an important indicator of social welfare as well. The absence or low level of these amenities in an area or in any section of society is the result of a lack of financial resources, the demand-supply gap, and the inefficiency of institutions. The present study work has tried to analyze the status of the availability of selected household amenities among scheduled caste households as
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