International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) Volume: 09 Issue: 05 | May 2022
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e-ISSN: 2395-0056 p-ISSN: 2395-0072
3D printing dental prosthesis using photo curable biomaterial with better resolution & reproducibility Hrithik Pawar1, Sidhant Kumar2, Lakshay3 1,2,3Dept. of
Electronics & Com. Engineering, Delhi Technological University, Delhi, India --------------------------------------------------------------------***---------------------------------------------------------------------
Abstract - Dental treatment involves making of
reproducibility, which will revolutionize the digital dentistry industry.
dentures and installing by dentists using flask investment method, which requires measurements of gum impression, jaw position, bite pattern, and also the affected area. This whole complex process needs significant amount of skills, time and multiple appointments. Our research overcomes the mentioned shortcomings using 3D printing system to make dental prosthesis while reducing labor. The system helps dentists make dental apparatus without multiple visits, reducing cost, time and number of patient visits required to perform dental procedures. Our research involves development of 3d printing system, photocurable biomaterial for 3d printing dental prosthesis, and curing of the dental prosthesis parts, with better resolution and reproducibility than current systems. Key Words: 3D Printing, Dental Photocurable Material, Dentistry, Robotics
2. 3D PRINTING SYSTEM Additive manufacturing is method of producing objects layer by layer, reducing waste produced. There are two methods which can be used to print dental prosthesis, one is fused deposition modeling and digital light processing method, as we will describe in next sections.
2.1 Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) system This section of the paper relates to a cartridge for a 3D printer. The cartridge has a nozzle or is designed such that a predefined nozzle is formed. The cartridge contains a dental composite material. The composite material comprises a curable, particularly photocurable matrix, and only fillers with a maximum particle size of <5 um[12]. In the uncured state, the dental composite has a viscosity in the range from 1-10,000 Pa*s, preferably from 10-2,000 Pa*s, especially preferably 50-800 Pa*s, in particular.
Prosthesis,
1. INTRODUCTION Dental prosthesis or dentures have been used since last few decades for treatment of edentulism [1]. There is lack of innovation in the traditional prosthesis technology.
In this manner, blockage of the nozzle during the 3D printing is primarily ruled out, enabling continuous 3D printing. Pausing or stoppage of the printing process to free the nozzle from blockages is thus not necessary. The cartridge, according to this section of the paper, enables efficient and speedy 3D printing of dental prosthesis parts. According to this paper, the cartridge allows inexpensive printing by a dentist (chair-side) within a short time so that a patient can be treated entirely in one consultation[13].
There are two main fabrication methods in digital dentistry for making dental prosthesis : subtractive and additive [2]. In subtractive method, dental prosthesis is made by milling prepolymerized resin blank. This milled denture is bonded to base subsequently. Such systems include Zirkonzahn Denture System (Zirkonzahn, Italy), Ivoclar Digital Denture (Ivoclar Vivadent, Liechtenstein), Vita Vionic (Vita Zahnfabrik, Germany) and AvaDent Digital Dentures Bonded Teeth (AvaDent, USA). The main problems with subtractive method is high material wastage and unaesthetic teeth. In additive manufacturing method, the dental prosthesis is made layer by layer, so zero material wastage and aesthetic teeth. Current additive systems include FotoDenta denture (Dentamid, Germany) and Dentca 3D Printed Denture (Dentca, USA) [3]. The limited resolution, reproducibility and technical constraints have been obstacle to adoption of the current 3d printing system [4].
The cartridge can have a size ratio of the nozzle diameter to the greatest particle size of the composite material of 10:1, preferably 30:1, especially preferably 50:1. Here the diameter can range from 50 to 300 um, preferably 100 to 250 um, especially preferably 150 to 200 um. Through the appropriately selected ratio of cartridge nozzle diameter to the greatest particle size of the composite material, blockage and hence stoppage or interruption of the 3D printing is prevented. Furthermore, the cartridge can be designed to contain a quantity of a composite material that essentially suffices for one use (single dose). This has the advantage that a new and clean nozzle is used for each new construction task and each material component. In this manner, the process stability is improved. Cleaning after the conclusion
In our research, we are aiming to develop 3D printing system using photocurable biomaterial to 3d print dental prosthesis with better resolution and
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