International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
Volume: 09 Issue: 04 | Apr 2022 www.irjet.net
Design and Development of IntelliHome
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1Student, Dept. of Electronics Engineering, Vidyalankar Institute of Technology, Mumbai, India
2Student, Dept. of Electronics Engineering, Vidyalankar Institute of Technology, Mumbai, India
3Student, Dept. of Electronics Engineering, Vidyalankar Institute of Technology, Mumbai, India
4Professor, Dept. of Electronics Engineering, Vidyalankar Institute of Technology, Mumbai, India
Abstract - This paper centers on the critical objective to develop home automation system in more proficient way and giving more highlights alongside security to the consumer. Other than this we have focused on accomplishing other goals like Designing and Developing IntelliHome product to encourage ease of access to electric domestic appliances and subsequently lessening of utilization of Power, improving security by implanting smart lock feature, observing climate parameters like Temperature | Humidity | Rainfall, Progressing the plant or garden watering framework and all these applications in single smartphone application. It is valuable for elderly or disabled people to urge farther access to electric appliances through their smartphones, to know most exact climate condition of their residency or a holiday home before visiting, keeping up gardens and plants even if they forget to water. We have made isolated modules to perform each task and connected to the microcontroller NodeMCU. Our project's goal is to provide the best and most useful home automation system, known as INTELLIHOME.We did our best to identify the flaws in the existing system and created a new one. Different electronic components were employed to conduct requiredhardwarefunctions,andGoogle Firebase was used to transport data to the cloud. Theproject's social benefit would include more security in daily life, more accurate weather forecasts, and easier garden or plant management. We now live in a smart world where IoT has progressed to a higher level. INTELLIHOME ensures a comfortable smart home experience. The project's future potential is enormous, since every normal person orconsumer seeks for the best alternative accessible. Almost all electronic gadgets will benefit from this technology in the near future, thanks to home networks and the internet. For the time being, we've just designed the product for a few appliances and uses. We can improve and upgrade the system in the future tomake it more efficient.
Key Words: Microcontroller, Biometric Sensor, Smartphone application, Security, Safety.
1.INTRODUCTION
Toliveorworkhappily,everyonepreferstoliveorworkina secure,safe,andwell maintainedenvironment.Weallspend themajorityofourtimeathome.Asaresult,thegoalofour project IntelliHome is to make routine tasks in the home
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easier and more convenient. Essentially, it provides users withsecurity,acomfortablelivingenvironment,andmore perks.Itsgoalistoimproveinhabitants'safetyandsecurity whilealsoimprovingtheirqualityoflifeandconvenienceat home. Smart home technologies can also help you save money on energy. The capacity to control appliances, an automated watering system, and a smart lock system for greatersecuritywillbenefittheelderlyanddisabled,among others. The term "intelligent house" was coined by IntelliHome. Intelligent or Smart Home is a networked collaborationoftechnologyandservicesthatprovidesmany automatedapplicationsforabetterqualityoflife.Themost significantgoalofthisprojectistoimprovetheefficiencyof home automation systems while also delivering more featuresandensuringconsumersafety.Apartfromthat,we have concentrated on achieving other goals such as designinganddevelopingtheIntelliHomeproducttomakeit easier to access electric home appliances and thus reduce electricity consumption, monitoring weather parameters suchastemperature,humidity,andrainfall,andautomating the plant or garden watering system, all of which can be done through a single mobile application. Controlling appliancesthroughsmartphone,PersonalWeatherStation, Advancedplantwateringsystem,andall in oneSmartphone Applicationareamongthefeatures.
2. LITERATURE REVIEW
Thereareavarietyofsmarthomesystemsonthemarket, eachbasedonadistincttechnology.Bluetooth basedhome automation systems, Zigbee based home automation systems,GSM basedhomeautomationsystems,andWi Fi basedhomeautomationsystemsareallexamplesofmobile phone basedhomeautomationsystems.
A.LiteratureSurvey
Bluetooth based home automation system using cell phones:[1]Ina Bluetooth basedhomeautomationsystem, householdappliancesareconnectedtotheArduinoBTboard atinputoutputportsviarelay.TheprogramfortheArduino BTboardiswritteninthehigh levelinteractiveClanguage for microcontrollers, and the connection is made via Bluetooth.Theunauthorizeduserswon’tbeallowedbutthe authorizedusersareacceptedtoaccesstheappliances,which isprotectedbyasecuredpassword.ABluetoothconnection isestablishedbetweentheArduinoBTboardandthephone forwirelesscommunication.Thissystemmakesuseofthe
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Volume: 09 Issue: 04 | Apr 2022 www.irjet.net
python script, which can be installed on any Symbian OS environment,makingitportable.
Zigbee based home automation system using cell phones:[1]ThesystemisbuiltanddeployedutilizingZigbee to monitor and control the home appliances Network coordinatorskeeptrackofandsavedeviceperformance.This isaccomplishedthroughtheuseofaWi Finetwork,which employs a four switch port standard wireless ADSL contemporaryrouter.TheSSIDofthenetworkandtheWi Fi securityparameterhavealreadybeendefined.Themessage is initially processed by the virtual house algorithm for security purposes, and once it is declared secure, it is re encryptedandforwardedtothehome'srealnetworkdevice. Messages were transmitted to the end over the Zigbee network by the Zigbee controller. The virtual home algorithm'ssafetyandsecurityofallmessagesitreceives.To lowerthecostofthesystemandthetimeittakestodeployit, Zigbeecommunicationwaschosen.
GSMbasedhomeautomationsystemusingcellphones:[1] BecauseofmobilephonesandGSMtechnologies,GSM based home automation is drawing attention. For GSM communication,welookedatSMS basedhomeautomation, GPRS basedhomeautomation,anddualtonemultifrequency (DTMF) basedhomeautomation.
Wi Fi based home automation system using cell phones:[1]Theserver,thehardwareinterfacemodule,and thesoftwarepackagearethethreeessentialcomponentsofa Wi Fi based home automation system. Wi Fi, or Wireless Fidelity, is a method of data transport that utilises radio waves.Itoffershigh speedinternetaccessaswellasnetwork connectivity. It's a wireless network that allows you to communicatewithpeopleindifferentpartsofthehouseand connect different gadgets. It can be used for a range of purposesandinavarietyofspecifications.Equipmentcanbe placed in almost any location. In your home, there are no unnecessarycords.There'snoneedforadditionalethernet output,andit'salsomoreefficientandhasawiderrange.Wi Fihasbecomeapopularoptionformanyindividuals.
B.Comparison [2]Comparisonbetweendifferentsystems:
Table -1:Comparison
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C.Researches[3]
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SeveralstudieshavebeenconductedontheuseofIOT devicesinhomeautomationplatforms.Inthepast,research on the IOT was conducted in conjunction with a study of numerous internets of things applications. The future expansion of the Internet of Things (IOT) is entirely dependentonus.
Ahmed ElShafee (2012) [4]: This paper presents a design andprototypeimplementationofanovelhomeautomation systemthatconnectsitscomponentsusingWi Fitechnology as a network architecture. As a result, they came to the conclusionthatthehomeautomationsystem'srequiredaims and objectives had been met. The prototype shows the fundamentallevelofhomeappliancecontrol,andthesystem design and architecture were considered and remote monitoringhasbeenimplemented.Finally,theirsystemis betterfromthescalabilityandflexibilitypointofviewthan thecommerciallyavailablehomeautomationsystem.
VinaySagarK(2015)[5]:Thissystemisdesignedtobelow cost and scalable, allowing it to control a wide range of devices.ByconnectingsimpleappliancestotheInternetof Things, home automation has been experimentally demonstratedtoworkadequately,andtheapplianceshave beensuccessfullycontrolledremotelythroughtheinternet.
NehaMalik(2017)[6]:Theauthorgoesoverthemanytypes ofintelligenthomeautomationsystemsandtechnology.The endeavor was focused on the home automation idea, in which smart devices are used to control and monitor operations.
ShaikhAmreen(2017)[7]:Theauthordiscussesthemany forms of intelligent home automation technology and systems.Theprojectwascenteredonthehomeautomation concept,whichinvolvestheuseofsmartdevicestocontrol andmonitoractivities.
AnuragTiwarietal.(2017)[8]:Thewritersdiscussedthe IoT Challenges and Ongoing Research. IoT systems are extremely common and widely used. As a result, the likelihoodofsecurityandprivacyissueshasincreased.Asa result,thesafetyofeverythingconnectedtotheinternetmay bejeopardized.IOThasbeenunabletoestablishitselfasa reliabletechnologyduetosecurityandprivacyconcerns. Satish Palaniappan (2015) [9]: Sensors such as motion sensors, light sensors, and temperature sensors can be integratedintohomestoallowautomateddeviceswitching basedonconditions.Moreenergymaybesavedbyensuring that the house is occupied before turning on devices, checkingthebrightness,andturningofflightswhennotin use. The technology can be tightly connected with home security solutions to give homeowners more control and protection. The next stage would be to expand this technology to automate a large scale environment like officesorfactories.
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3. SYSTEM DESIGN
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A.SystemDesignforPlantwatering:
Theplantwateringsystemadditionallyrequiresa watercontainer,waterpumpanda12Vpowersupply.The waterpumpwillbekeptinacontainerfilledwithwaterasit isrequiredtoflowthewaterthroughatubetotheplants. Thewaterpumprequires12Vpowersupplytooperateand thatwillbeprovidedwiththehelpofa12Vpowersupply and a relay channel. The input pin of the relay channel is connectedtoanesp32pinwhichcontrolstherelaychannel toswitchonoroffthewaterpump.
B.SystemDesignforPersonalWeatherStation:
The weather station has been designed with a DHT22 sensor which consists of a temperature as well as humidity sensor. The DHT22 uses thermistor and a capacitive humidity sensor to measure the surroundings weather and sends a digital signal to the data pin. It is connectedtotheesp32moduleandso,theesp32sendsthe digitaldatatothedatabasewhichisthendisplayedonthe mobileapp.
C.SystemDesignforSolenoidLock:
Thesolenoidlocktongueisalwaysopenwhenitis hasnotbeensuppliedanyvoltagei.e.,inzerovoltagesupply state.So,whenvoltageissuppliedtothesolenoidlockitgets triggeredanditstonguecloses.Weusezerovoltagesupply statetokeepthedoorlockedwhennotinuse.Thelockhas2 wires,positiveandnegative.Thepositivewireisconnected tothe12Vpowersupply,andthenegativewireisconnected totherelayandthisrelayisconnectedtotheesp32module. So,whentheesp32triggerstherelaypin,thesmartlockis supplied 12V and it starts operating and the door is unlocked.
D.SystemDesignforall in oneSmartphoneApplication:
The mobile application has a fewtabsforvarious home applications. The app is designed with keeping securityinmindandhenceitalsohasaloginpagewhenany userwillopentheapp.Itconsistsofbuttonstocontrolthe homeapplianceslikethefans,lights,lock.Italsohasatabfor wateringplantsandforknowingthesurroundingsweather conditions.Themobileapphasaloginpagethatwillrequire theuser’scredentialstologintotheappandauthorizethem to control the appliances of their own house and no one else’s.WeareusingGoogleFirebaseasourclouddatabase connectedtotheapp.Theappwillstoreallthelogindetails intheclouddatabase.Theesp32modulehasaWi Fimodule whichisconnectedtotheappthroughthecloud.Whenthe app is used to switch on or off any appliance, it sends the datatothefirebaseandstoresitandsendsasignaltothe esp32tooperatethesameappliance.
4. SPECIFICATIONS
A. Hardware
1) ESP 32 (microcontroller): Espressif Systems, the makersoftheESP8266SoC,havereleasedtheESP32,alow costSystemonChip(SoC)Microcontroller.Tensilica's32 bit
Xtensa LX6 Microprocessor with integrated Wi Fi and Bluetooth is the successor to the ESP8266 SoC and is availableinsingle coreanddual corevarieties.
Features:
Processors:
•CPU:Xtensadual core(orsingle core)32 bitLX6 microprocessor, running at 160 or 240 MHz and capableof600DMIPSperformance.
•Co processorwithultra lowpower(ULP)
Memory:
•320KiBRAM,448KiBROM
•Internetaccessviawireless:802.11b/g/nWi Fi
•Bluetoothv4.2BR/EDRwithBLE(BluetoothLow Energy)(sharestheradiowithWi Fi)
Peripheralinterfaces:
•34×programmableGPIOs
•12 bitSARADCupto18channels
•2×8 bitDACs
• ten different touch sensors (capacitive sensing GPIOs)
•4×SPI
•2×I²Sinterfaces
•2×I²Cinterfaces
•3×UART
•SD/SDIO/CE ATA/MMC/eMMChostcontroller
•SDIO/SPIslavecontroller
• Support for IEEE 1588 Precision Time Protocol andEthernetMACinterfacewithdedicatedDMA
•CANbus2.0
• Infrared remote controller (TX/RX, up to 8 channels)
•MotorPWM
•LEDPWM(upto16channels)
•Halleffectsensor
•Ultra lowpoweranalogpre amplifier
2) 12V Solenoid Lock: The slug on this 12V solenoid lock has a slanted cut and a nice mounting bracket. It's essentiallyanelectroniclockforastandardcabinet,safe,or door.
3)DualchannelRelayModule:Itisa5V,10A2 Channel Relayinterfaceboard.Itcanbeusedtoregulateavarietyof appliancesandotherhigh currentdevices.Itcanbeusedto regulate a variety of appliances and other high current devices.Amicrocontrollercancontrolitdirectlywith3.3Vor 5Vlogicsignals(Arduino,8051,AVR,PIC,DSP,ARM,ARM, MSP430,TTLlogic).A1x4(2.54mmpitch)pinheaderisused toconnectpower(5Vand0V)andcontrolthetworelays.
4)MiniWaterPump:Inthehome,atinysubmersible waterpumpiscommonlyusedforcooking,cleaning,bathing, spaceheating,andwateringflowers,amongotherthings.A tinysubmersiblewaterpumpisacentrifugalwaterpump, meaningitusesamotortodriveanimpellerthatrotatesand pusheswateroutwards.
•OperatingVoltage:9V
•OperatingCurrent:130~220mA
•FlowRate:80~120L/H
•MaximumLift:40~110mm
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•OutletOutsideDiameter:7.5mm
•OutletInsideDiameter:5mm
5) DHT22: With a single wire digital interface, the DHT22 is a low cost digital temperature and humidity sensor.Itusesacapacitivehumiditysensorandathermistor tomonitortheambientairand deliversa digital signalon the data pin. The sensor is calibrated and requires no additionalcomponents,soyoucanstartmeasuringrelative humidityandtemperaturestraightaway.It'ssimpletouse, but data collection necessitates careful timing while performing.Itcanonlygiveyounewinfoevery2seconds.
Fig 1:BlockDiagram
The above block diagram is to explain the overview of howthewholeIntelliHomesystemworks:
1.MobileApplication:Theappiscreatedfortheusersto controltheirhomeappliances.Itconsistsofvarioustabsand buttons to control each appliance. It is connected to the GoogleFirebase.
2.GoogleFirebase:Thisclouddatabasekeepsrecordof everythingthatisbeingoperatedontheapportheesp32 module.Ittakesdatafromtheappandsendsittotheesp32 moduleandviceversa.
3.Esp32:Theesp32moduleisusedtochangethemodeof any appliance as per user’s will. It is connected to the databaseandallthehomeappliances.
4.SPDTRelayChannel:Therelaychannelisconnectedto eachappliancesothatitcanprovidetherequiredpowerto eachapplianceandswitchtoanyappliancewhentriggered bytheesp32module.
5.PowerSupply:The230VACpowersupplyisrequired to supply power to the appliances through the relay. It is directlyconnectedtotherelaychannel.
6. HomeAppliances:All thehomeappliances arebeing controlledbytheuserthroughtheappanditisoperatedby theesp32moduleathardwarelevel.
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Fig 2:SequenceDiagram
Itshowsthevisualrepresentationofthesystemthatwehave designed.Ithelpsinunderstandinghoweachobjectofthe modelisinteractingwitheachother.
Fig 3:CircuitDiagram
B.Software:
1) Arduino IDE: The Arduino integrated development environment(IDE)isaJava basedcross platformtoolthat runsonWindows,MacOSX,andLinux.It'susedtoprogram Arduino compatibleboardsanduploadthem.Hereweare goingtoinstallCOM/SerialPortDriverandESP8266Board PackageinArduinoIDEtoprogramNodeMCUESP8266.The Arduino IDE is a free and open source program for developing and compiling code for the Arduino and NodeMCU modules. On the board of each of them is a microcontrollerthathasbeenprogrammedandacceptsdata intheformofcode.Thecorecode,alsoknownasasketch, writtenontheIDEplatformwilleventuallygenerateaHex File, which will be copied and uploaded into the board's controller.
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2)AndroidStudio:AndroidStudioistheofficialintegrated development environment (IDE) for Google's Android operating system, and specifically designed for Android development. It is available for download on Windows, macOSandLinuxbasedoperatingsystems.Features:
•SupportforGradle basedbuilds.Refactoringandsimple fixesforAndroid.
•Linttoolsareusedtodetectissueslikeasperformance, usability,versioncompatibility,andotherissues.
•CreatestandardAndroiddesignsandcomponentsusing template basedwizards.
•Usersmaydrag and dropUIcomponentsinapowerful layout editor, and layouts can be previewed on numerous screenconfigurations.
•GoogleCloudPlatformcompatibilityisbuilt in,allowing connectionwithFirebaseCloudMessaging(formerly'Google CloudMessaging')andGoogleAppEngine.
•IntheAndroidstudio,usetheAndroidVirtual Device (Emulator)toexecuteanddebugapps.
3) Firebase: Google Firebase is an app development platformpoweredbyGooglethatletsdeveloperstocreate appsforiOS,Android,andtheweb.Firebaseoffersanalytics tracking, reporting, and app bug solutions, as well as marketingandproducttesting.
5. APPLICATION INTERFACE AND WORKING
Now,comingtotheactualsmartphoneapplicationthatwe havedesignedtogetupdatesandoperateaboutIntelliHome. Themobileapplicationopenstoaloginpagewheretheuser willhavetocreatetheiraccountiftheyareanewuser.Each userwillrequireanemailidandapasswordtologintothe app.Once,theaccounthasbeencreatedbytheusertheycan login to the app and use it to control the appliances. This accountcanbesharedbyuserwiththefamilymembersand operatorsfromsameoffice
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The mobile application interface consists of a tab that includesswitchesandlockbuttonstooperatetheappliances.
Thefanandlightbuttonsoperatethefansandlightsofthe homewhilethelockiconbuttonoperatesthesolenoidlock. Theiconappearsasthecurrentstatusofthelocki.e.,when thesolenoidlockisopenedtheappwilldisplaythelockicon as open and when the solenoid lock is locked the app will showtheiconinlockedstate.
Fig 6:LockOption
So,whentheuserpressesonthelockiconbutton,theapp will ask for the user’s fingerprint or face ID (whichever is authorized) to open the lock. If the fingerprint / face ID matches,thelockwillopen,andtheappwill popupatext showing lock is opened as well as the lock icon will be changed to open state. All this data will be stored in the Firebasewheneverahomeapplianceisbeingoperated.The esp32isconnectedtotheappthroughtheclouddatabaseas wellanditoperatesthelockaccordingly.
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6. SYSTEM AND RESULTS
Wehavemadeahomemoduletosetupdifferentmodules fordemonstration.
Theplantwateringtabintheappconsistsofastartbutton and a timer to water the plants as per use. The timer is designedtowatertheplantsataparticulartimeandfora particularperiod.Thestartbuttonasitstates,willstartthe wateringprocessbysendingasignaltotheesp32through thecloudandthenthewaterpumpwillstartflowingwater. Theusercanputtheamountoftimetheywanttowaterthe plantsandthenpressstarttimerbuttontoproceed.Asthe timerendsthesystemwillstopflowingwater.
Fig 8:WeatherMonitoring
This tab displays thesurrounding weather ofthe house.It displays the temperature and the humidity of the surrounding.Itkeepsupdatingevery5secondsorso.Allthe datadisplayedontheappisstoredinthedatabaseaswell.
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Database: In this project we are using the Google Firebase as our database.Itlogsallthedatawhenauserusestheappforany specific appliance. It is connected to both the app and the esp32module.
Fig 16: Database
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
We have an opportunity to express our regard to Dr. Sangeeta Joshi, Professor, Department of Electronics Engineering, Vidyalankar Institute of Technology who supportedourgroupthroughoutthecourseofthisproject. Wearethankfulfortheiraspirantcounselling,indispensable assistance, and support. We are truly obliged to them for sharing their genuine and enlightening views on several issuesrelatedtotheproject.
REFERENCES
[1] Neha Malik, Yogita Bodwade: “Literature Review on Home Automation System” , IJARCCE, Vol. 6, Issue 3, March2017
[2] VaishnaviS.Gunge,P.Yalagi:“SmartHomeAutomation: ALiteratureReview”,SemanticScholar.
[3] RadhikaGarg:“AReviewonInternetofThingforHome Automation”,IJERT,Volume8,Issue10
[4] AhmedElShafee(2012)“DesignandImplementationofa WiFi Based Home Automation System” International JournalofComputer,Electrical,Automation,Controland InformationEngineeringVol:6,No:8,2012
[5] VinaySagarK(2015)HomeAutomationUsingInternet ofThingsInternationalResearchJournalofEngineering andTechnology(IRJET)
[6] NehaMalikandYogitaBodwade,“LiteratureReviewon Home Automation System” International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer and Communication Engineering,Volume6,2017.
[7] ShaikhAmreen,LondheNishigandha,BirhadeApeksha, GaikwadJayprakashandKodakPriyesh,”Architecture for internet of things for home automation “International Journal of Engineering and Computer Science,Volume6,2017.
[8] A. Tiwari and H. Maurya, “Challenges and Ongoing Researches for IOT (Internet of Things): A Review,”, Volume5,no.2,pp.57 60,2017.
[9] Satish Palaniappan “Home Automation Systems A Study”,Volume116,2015
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