International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 09 Issue: 12 | Dec 2022 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
Home Security System based on IOT: A Systematic Alert System
Sweatha G S1, Saikrupa R2, Divya Sri G R3, Jagadeesh K4
1UG Student, SNS College of Engineering, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
2UG Student, SNS College of Engineering, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
3UG Student, SNS College of Engineering, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
4Assistant Professor, Dept. of ECE, SNS College of Engineering, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India ***
Abstract – Many security systems are available in the market, but they are very expensive, so normal people cannot afford them. Not only the system, but the installation and maintenance cost are also too high. In addition, the existing security system works 24X7, thus requiring a large amount of storage space. So, this paper focuses on building a low-cost, beneficial, and efficient home security system that occupies less storage. Here, Raspberry pi acts as a central system. We proposed a systematic approach to alert users. If an intrusion occurs, it immediately sends an alert by sending notification and e-mail to the user over the internet. The whole system can be monitored from anywhere in the world and the owner can receive alerts over the internet. With the night vision camera interfaced with raspberry pi, makes it usable at daytime as well as at night. The proposed system is entirely programmed with python 3 language
Key Words: Homesecuritysystem,IOT,intruderdetection, alertsystem
1. INTRODUCTION
Nowadaystechnologiesareincreasingrapidly,whichmakes people’s life easier and more comfortable. One of the technologytrendsisInternetofthings.Itenablesdevicesto connect over the internet to collect and exchange data withoutanyhumaninvolvement.Urbanregionsareevolving intoIOT-enabledsmartcitiesastechnologyadvances.Smart cities use IoT devices to improve infrastructure, safety, services,andmanymore.However,securityiscurrentlythe biggestproblem.Manyupgradedsystemsarereleasedinthe marketthoughtheyarenotsufficienttohandletheissues. Oneofthosemajorissuesishousebreakingandthispaper focuses on cut-down the issue by giving a systematic approachtotheproposedsecurityalertsystem.
2. LITERATURE REVIEW
Thepaperentitled“TowardsSmartHomeAutomationUsing IoT-Enabled Edge-Computing Paradigm” presented a fully automatedIOT-basedplatformforsensorconnectivity.The purposeoftheprojectistoprovidealow-costautomation solution that can be controlled by a centralized system. Raspberrypiisusedasacentralcontrollerforthissystem.In thisproject,thesystemcontainsawebpageformonitoring the home. It allows owner to stream the camera module
which is connected to the raspberry pi. MQTT protocol is usedtotransmitthesensordatatotheend-user[2].
In the concept of infrared radiation for motion detection using PIR sensor, the PIR is connected to CC3200 microcontroller with inbuilt wi-fi module. Whenever the sensoridentifiesthemovement,microcontrollerprocesses the data and gives the output as either high or low. If the value is high, there is a motion detection otherwise if the valueislow,thereisnointrusion.Theoutputisvisualizedby achartusingThingSpeakcloudplatform[1].
Acontinuousvideooftheintruderistakenwhenthehuman intrusionisdetected.Usingfacerecognitiontechnique,the intruder image is being compared with the images in the databasetoavoidfalsealarm.Iftheimageoftheintruderis not matched with the images in the database, then the messageandtheimageoftheintruderisbeingsenttothe ownerthroughmail.Throughanapplicationtheownercan acknowledge if he is real intruder so that the alarm can generate[4].
Thepaper[3]describesanIOTconceptforhomesecurity system. The raspberry pi is being used to serve as a data processingcentre.Whenahumanobjectisdetectedbythe PIR sensor, the system activates the camera module to capturepictures.Theimagedataissenttothewebserver viawi-ficommunication.Upto5imagescanbesenttothe ownertolimitthestoragespace.Theimagecanbeviewed anddownloadedbytheownerforreportingtoauthorities. Theintrusionlogcanbefoundfromthewebserver.
The paper [6] describes an inexpensive home security system that works in real-time. Raspberry pi is used as a main computational device. The webcam and PIR motion sensorsareconnectedtoraspberrypiinordertodetectand fetchthesignals.Thewebcamisusedtocapturetheintruder imageandtheraspberrypifetchestheimageandsenditto ownerthroughemailservices.
3. PROPOSED METHOD
Inthispaper,weareproposingaHomeSecuritySystemwith a systematic alert where the input is taken from a live person.TheIoT-basedSecuritySystemusesRaspberrypias a central system. The PIR motion sensor and the Pi night visioncameraislinkedtotheraspberrypiunit.Sensorsare
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2022, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.529 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal
International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 09 Issue: 12 | Dec 2022 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
implementedinthehomesuchthattheyarenotvisible.As soon as someone enters the house, the sensor will detect theirmovementimmediately,andthesignalwillbepassed totheraspberrypi.Basedontheinputsignal,twoalertswill bewillbegenerated.
3.1 Notification Alert
Atfirst,notificationalertissenttotheuser.Toalertby notification,weproposedanapplicationcalledIFTTT(IfThis Then That). In this system, webhook is used as a trigger service.Ifwebrequestisinvoked,notificationalertwillbe senttotheownerfromtheIFTTTapplication.
3.2 E-mail Alert
Based on the input signal, a camera linked to the raspberrypiwillrecordavideo.Videoframesarecollected from the Pi night vision camera and are converted to viewableformat.Totransmitthevideothroughemail,SMTP (SimpleMailTransferProtocol)isusedtosendtotheowner. Theownercanviewthevideofootagefromthemailsentby the raspberry pi. The intruder video footage is set to 20 seconds,toavoidoccupyingmorestoragespace.Everyvideo takesuptoonly2MBofstoragespace.
AnInitializerbuttonisconnectedwiththecentralsystem toignoreunwantedmotiondetections.ItcanbeturnedON manually,iftheownerisnotavailable.Bydefault,itisOFF.
In this system, it operates both day and night as we incorporated the Pi night vision camera module. The flow chartofthesystemisshowninthefigure3.1.
4. SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE
4.1 Block Diagram
TheSystemarchitectureofSmartHomeSecuritySystemis showninthefigure4.1.RaspberryPi,PiCamera,PIRsensor, and Power supply forms the entire security system to be installed at the required place. PIR motion sensor is connectedtoGPIOpinsofRaspberryPi.
Fig – 4.1:Blockdiagram
4.2 Component Description
Raspberry Pi:
WehaveusedRaspberrypishowninthefigure4.2asa central system. To detect motion, it connects a camera moduleandaPIRmotionsensor.TheSimpleMailTransfer Protocol is used to send the email to the owner after importing SMTP The system is entirely programmed in Python3language.
Fig – 4.2:RaspberryPi4ModelB
Pi night vision camera:
Thenightvisioncameramoduleshowninthefigure4.3 operatesbothduringthedaytimeandduringthenighttime. Thelenshasaviewingangleof75.7degreesinsuchamanner thatitreducesthechanceofblindspotsoccurring.Thereisa camerainterfaceportontheRaspberryPithatconnectsitto thecameramodule.
Fig – 3.1:FlowchartforIOT-basedhomesecuritysystem withasystematicapproachtoalertsystem
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2022, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.529 | ISO 9001:2008
International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 09 Issue: 12 | Dec 2022 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
Fig – 4.3:PiNightVisionCamera
PIR motion sensor:
Thepassiveinfraredmotionsensorshowninthefigure4.4 isusedtodetectintrudersinaroom.Ithasasensingrangeof 3 meters to 7 meters, which makes it possible to detect intrudersthroughoutawholeroom.
Fig – 4.4:PIRmotionsensor
5. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
5.1 Entire System
Inthissection,wecanseetheresultsofIoTbasedhome securitysystemwhichisimplementedinprototypewithall thesystemcomponentsasshowninfigure5.1.Therequired componentsareinterfacedwiththeRaspberryPi.
Fig – 5.2:Notificationalert
5.3 Email Alert
InFigure5.3,Afterafewseconds,anemailalertissentto theownerwithvideofootageoftheintruder.Theownercan viewthefootage,andcantakefurtherstepsaccordingly
Fig – 5.1:EntireSystem
5.2 Notification Alert
In Figure 5.2, The webhook is triggered in the event of motiondetectionandanotificationissenttotheownerby IFTTT.
Fig – 5.3:Emailalertwithintruderfootage
6. CONCLUSION AND FUTURE WORKS
TheIoTbasedhomesecuritysystemhasbeendesignedand developedwithRaspberryPi4andaPinightvisioncamera. Theusercanaccessinformationatanytimeandanywhere through smart phones. When movement is detected, the camera records the video and sends it to the owner. As a result, the designed system works successfully. Using computer vision technology, the alert system can bypass animalintrusions.Withtheuseofobjecttrackingthecamera turns along with the intruder. With the upcoming technologies,homesecuritysystemswillbeenhanced.
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International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
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