Earthquake Analysis of RCC structure by using Pushover Analysis

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056

Volume: 09 Issue: 12 | Dec 2022 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

Earthquake Analysis of RCC structure by using Pushover Analysis

Abstract

In this paper we are going to discuss analysis on the RCC structure. i.e., PUSHOVER analysis is a nonlinear static procedure using simplified nonlinear technique to estimate seismic structural deformations. In this techniqueacomputermodelofthebuildingissubjectedto a lateral load. To conduct performance-based design modelling of reinforced structure with provision material is essential. In this report we had studied to investigate thestructuralperformanceduringearthquakeconsidering Pushoveranalysis.

We have analyzed and designed building in seismic zone III. The lateral forces were obtained as per, IS 456:2000 and applied to the building. Non-linear static method of analysis is used. For modelling of RCC structures, Etabs softwareisusedandalsoresultsarecompared.Itisfound thatdesignedstructureisfoundtobeeconomical.

Keywords: Pushover analysis & design, Seismic load, stability,Storydrift,storydisplacement.

1. INTRODUCTION

The movement of lithosphere plates, causing the vibrations on the surface of earth these vibrations on the surface of earth are known as earthquake. In that, the placeinthecrustwherethemovementstartsarecalledas focus. And the place on the surface above the focus is called as Epicenter. Vibrations travels outward from the epicenter as wave. Seismic waves are the energy that travels through the earth and record on seismograph or seismometer. Now-a-days information about the earth interior has been obtained from the study of the propagationoftheseismicwavesthroughtheearth.

In this project work, behavior of regular high-rise G+10,G+15,G+20,G+25 story building in seismic zone III. StructuresareanalyzedintheEtabssoftware. Theresults areobtained forBase shear, storydisplacementand story drift. The seismic analysis is done according to IS 1893:2016 IS 875(Part I) by using nonlinear static analysismethod.WehavetakenseismiczoneIIIforstudy. The lateral damage of structure during the earthquake

occurs. For that, we studied and compared the results to avoidthefailures.

1.1 General

Now-a-days, failure of the structure when earthquake occursisverycommon.But toavoidthisstructureshould build very carefully and in proper manner with latest techniques. So, for that analysis of the RCC structure is necessary.Inthisprojectweanalyzedthefour structures, their drift and displacement, so we can develop new techniques. Main focus in this study to prevent the collapse of the structure. And understanding the weak parts of the structure. We studied pushover analysis by using Etabs. Pushover analysis is the best and accurate method. And through pushover method the comparison has been done between Base shear, Story Drift and also Storydisplacement.

1.2 Objectives

1)To study the seismic behavior of multistorey regular structures when subjected to earthquake force in earthquakezoneIII.

2)To perform non-linear static analysis on multistorey buildingi.e.,performingnon-linearstaticanalysisbyusing Pushovermethod.

3)The behavior of four models is checked for Base Shear, StoryDriftandStorydisplacementateachandeverystory arecarriedoutforseismicforces.

4)To check & design of the seismic response of multistoriedbuildingusingETABs.

5)Analysis of G+10, G+15, G+20, G+25 by using pushover methodinETABssoftware

1.3 Types of Earthquakes

1)TectonicEarthquake-Themostcommonearthquake

2)Volcanic Earthquake-A special class of tectonic earthquake is sometime recognized as volcanic earthquake. However, these are confined to area volcanoes.

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056

Volume: 09 Issue: 12 | Dec 2022 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

3)Collapse Earthquake-In the area of mining activity sometimes the roofs of underground mines collapse causingminortremors.

4)Explosion Earthquake-Ground shaking may also occur due to the explosion of chemical or nuclear devices, such tremorsarecalledasexplosionearthquakes.

5)reservoir induced earthquake- The earthquakes that occur in the area of large reservoirs are referred to as reservoirinducedearthquake.

1.4 Push-over Analysis

Pushover analysis is a non-linear static procedure using simplified nonlinear technique to estimate seismic structural deformations. It is an incremental static analysis. Analysis involves applying of horizontal loads intensity of the lateral load is slowly increased & the sequence of cracks, yielding, plastic hinge formation & failure of various structural components is recorded in it. The advantages of using pushover analysis are the simplicity efficiency in modelling and low computational time.Itisto estimatetheseismic capacity ofexistornonexist structures & look several recent guidelines for retrofit seismic design. Useful for performance-based design for new and old building rely on ductility. In pushover analysis magnitude of lateral load increased monotonically be maintain a predefined distribution pattern along the height of the building structure. Structure is displaced till the target displacement or structure collapse. Relation between base shear and displacementisplottedforpushoveranalysis.

1.6 Earthquakes affect building

Ground shaking is the primary cause of earthquake damagetoman-madestructures.Manyfactorstoinfluence the strength of earthquake shaking at a site including the earthquake’s magnitude, the site’s proximity to the fault, thelocalgeology,andthesoiltype.

More than 250 structures throughout the United States have been outfitted with seismic sensors by the USGS National Strong Motion Project (NSMP) to improve the overall understanding of earthquakes and their effects on thebuiltenvironment.

The instrumentation and monitoring of structures by NSMP is only one part of USGS effort to protect people’s lives and property from earthquake hazards in all of the Nation’sseismicallyactiveregions.

1.5. Structure Description

The building used for analysis is a non- existing structure which is G+10, G+15, G+20 and G+25 storied RCC

structurewiththefloor-to-floorheightof3m.Thebuilding isassumedtobelocatedatseismiczoneIII.Thestructure is designed as a frame model with fixed for the ground storycolumn.Thebuildingdetailsaregivenbelow:

No.ofbaysalongX-axis:8

No.ofbaysalongY-axis:6

SpacingalongXandY-axis:8m

SizeofColumn:600mm*800mm SizeofBeam:450mm*550mm

Thicknessofslab:150mm

Gradeofsteel:Fe500

GradeofConcrete:M30

DesignDetailsofbuildingaregivenbelow: Liveload:3kN/m2 Deadload:2kN/m2

Earthquakeload:AsperIS1893(PartI):2016

2. Literature

1) Ali Kadhim Sallal (2018) “Design and analysis ten storied building using ETABS software-2016” Volume 4; Issue 2; May 2018; Page No. 21-27... The main purpose of this software is to design and analysis multi-Storied building in a systematic process. This paper presents a building where designed and analyzed under effect of earthquake and wind pressure by using ETABS software. In this case, (18m x 18m) and eight stories structure are modeledusingETABSsoftware.Tenstoryistakenas(3m) heightandmakingthetotalheightofthestructure(31m)

2)PushkarRathod,RahulChandrashekar“seismicanalysis of multistoried building for different plans using ETABS 2015”Volume:04Issue:10|Oct-2017......PushkarRathod andRahulChandrashekar(2017):Withthehelpofseismic analysis,thestructurecanbedesignedandconstructedto withstand the high lateral movement of earth’s crust during an earthquake. Any type of basic or a highly advanced structure which maybeunder static or dynamic conditions can be evaluated by using ETABS. ETABS is a coordinated and productive tool for analysis and designs, which range from a simple 2D frames to modern highriseswhichmakesitoneofthebeststructuralsoftwarefor buildingsystems.

3) Aniket A. Kale (2020): International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT)ISSN: 22780181http://www.ijert.orgPublished by: Vol. 9 Issue 03, March-2020 Carried out the wind & seismic analysis 15, 30&45storiedbuildingsoffourdifferentshapesofsame area by using advance software CSI ETABS. Response

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056

Volume: 09 Issue: 12 | Dec 2022 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

spectrum method was used to find the dynamic effects. The comparison has been done by considering the parameters such as story displacement, story drift, base shear,overturningmoments,acceleration&timeperiod.It has been concluded that for maximum earthquake structure of 15-storey is most stable structure &for maximum wind effect triangular structure of 15-storey is most stable. For 45-storey circular & rectangular shape building is most stable for maximum earthquake & wind effect respectively. Wind effect is critical for 45 story building&ontheotherhandseismiciscriticalat15 story & 30 story building. Wind effect is more critical than earthquake.

*Followingarethemajorfindingsfromabovepaper:-

a. Analysis was done by using Etabs software and successfullyverifiedmanuallyasperIS456-2000.

b. Etabs is the perfect useful software for this project whichreducethetimeforanalysisanddesign.

4) DR. K. CHANDRASEKHAR REDDY1 & G. LALITH KUMAR2

International Journal of Technical Innovation in Modern Engineering & Science (IJTIMES) Impact Factor: 5.22, eISSN: 2455-2585 Volume 5, Issue 03, March-2019.In this study,3D analytical model ofG+30 storied buildings have been generated for symmetric and asymmetric building modelsandanalyzedusing structural analysistoolETABS software. Mass and stiffness are two basic parameters to evaluatethedynamicresponseofastructuralsystem.This paper is concerned with the effects of various vertical irregularitiesontheseismicresponseofastructure.

5) Dharanya A, Gayathri S and Deepika M, “Comparison StudyofShearWallandBracingsunderSeismicLoadingin Multi-StoryResidentialBuilding”,InternationalJournalof Chem Tech Research, 2017, Vol.10(8), pp. 417-424....... Dharanya et. al. (2017) provided the improvement of reinforcedconcreteframestructureagainstlateralloading byprovidingshear wall andcross bracing.Inthisstudy, a G+4 storey residential RC building with soft storey has to be analyzed with cross bracings and shear wall. This analysiswasmadeasperIS1893:2002codalprovisionby using ETABS software. The cross bracings such as X bracing are to be provided at the outer periphery of the columnandtheshearwallsareprovidedatthecornersof the buildings. The building model are analyzed by equivalent stiffness method using ETABS software. The mainparameterscomparedarelateraldisplacement,base shear,storeydrift,axialforce,shearforceandtimeperiod.

2.1. Review

In the above papers we studied that the most structural failuresoccurredduetoinadequatestiffness,Irregularities of structure. To record the results of story drift and story displacement mostly pushover analysis is used as it is more accurate than other methods. With the help of seismic analysis, the structure can be designed and constructed to withstand the high lateral movement of earth’s crust during an earthquake. Any type of basic or a highly advanced structure which maybe under static or dynamicconditionscanbeevaluatedbyusingETABS.

3D analytical model of storied buildings has been generatedforsymmetricandasymmetricbuildingmodels and analyzed using structural analysis tool ETABS software. Etabs is the perfect useful software for this projectwhichreducethetimeforanalysisanddesign.

3. Methodology

• This Project is Primarily Software-based, and it is essentialtounderstandthespecificsofthesesoftware

•Tostudiedaboutearthquake,i.e.,seismiczones,waves.

•ToStudiedpushoveranalysis,Nonlinearstaticanalysis.

•MakeG+10,G+15structureanddetailedstudyonit.

• Comparison & analysis structure, Study on weakness, prematurefailure.

•Establishedinreal-world,andprovidesafetystructure.

3.1. Indian Standard Codes

I)The estimate of earth quake loads and the IS 18932016(Part-1) Criteria of Earthquake Resistant Buildings Part.

II)IS875(Part-1)

III)IS456:2000

4. CONCLUSIONS

Fromabovewewillhavefollowingconclusions:

1)Pushoveranalysisisanidealmethodtoexplorethenonlinearbehaviorofstructure.

2)Ahigh-risebuildingofG+10,G+15subjectedto seismic, windandliveloadswereanalyzedusingEtabssoftware.

3)Behavior of the high-rise building was shown clearly usingthegraphsandlateraldisplacements.

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056

Volume: 09 Issue: 12 | Dec 2022 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

4)Betteraccuracyoftheanalysiscanbeobtainedbyusing thisEtabssoftware.

5)furtherworkwearegoingtodoinPhase-II

5. References

Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT) ISSN: 2278-018Vol.8Issue11,November-2019 



Ali Kadhim Sallal (2018) “Design and analysis ten storied building using ETABS software-2016” Volume 4;Issue2;May2018;PageNo.21-27. 

Aniket A. Kale (2020): International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT)ISSN: 2278-0181http://www.ijert.orgPublished by: Vol. 9 Issue03,March-2020Carriedoutthe“wind&seismic analysis” 15, 30 & 45 storied buildings of four different shapes of same area by using advance softwareCSIETABS. 

Ashwini K. C and Dr. Y. M Manjunath, National Institute of Engineering, Mysore “Comparative study of pushover analysis on reinforced concrete structures” IJERT (International Journal of Engineering Research and Technology), Volume 6 Issue06,Pg.71-79,June2017. 

“PUSHOVER ANALYSIS OF MULTY STORY BUILDING” D.N. Shinde1, Nair Veena V2, Pudale Yojana M IJRET: International Journal of Research in Engineering and TechnologyeISSN:2319-1163|pISSN:2321-7308



Dharanya A, Gayathri S and Deepika M, “Comparison Study of Shear Wall and Bracings under Seismic Loading in Multi- Story Residential Building”, International Journal of Chem Tech Research, 2017, Vol.10(8),pp.417-424.Dharanyaet.al.(2017)

DR. K. CHANDRASEKHAR REDDY1 & G. LALITH KUMAR2 International Journal of Technical Innovation in Modern Engineering & Science (IJTIMES) Impact Factor: 5.22, e-ISSN: 2455-2585 Volume5,Issue03,March-2019.

ABOUT AUTHORS

Photo

SwapnilSantoshNaikwade BE-Civil AbhishekDayanandLokare BE-Civil

PramodBharatSolunke BE-Civil

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Dona Mary Daniel, Shemin T. John International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, Volume 7,Issue10,October-2016

Author

G. S. Saisaran, V. Yogendra Durga Prasad, T. Venkat Das “Push Over Analysis for Concrete Structures at Seismic Zone-3 using Etabs Software.” International JournalofEngineeringResearch&Technology(IJERT) ISSN:2278-0181Vol.5Issue03,March-2016 

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Gomasa Ramesh, “Repair, Rehabilitation and Retrofitting of Reinforced Concrete Structures” International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT) ISSN: 2278-0181 NCACE-EWIT2020ConferenceProceedings.

Kuldeep Kumar, Devika Nayal, “Retrofitting the Existing Requirements and the Associated Existing Services for an Institutional Building to Enhance the Functionality of the Built Environment” International JournalofEngineeringResearch&Technology(IJERT) ISSN:2278-Vol.9Issue03,March-2020

Author

YashArunKharat BE-Civil

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Mohd Abdul Aqib Farhan, Jagadeesh Bommisetty, “Seismic Analysis of Multistoried RCC Buildings RegularandIrregularinPlan”InternationalJournalof