Smart Accidental Alert and Location Tracking System Using Telegram Bot and GPS Technology

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056

Volume: 09 Issue: 12 | Dec 2022 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

Smart Accidental Alert and Location Tracking System Using Telegram Bot and GPS Technology

1Professor, Dept. of Electronics and Telecommunication, Vishwakarma Institute of Technology, India 2,3,4,5,6Student, Dept. of Electronics and Telecommunication, Vishwakarma Institute of Technology, India ***

Abstract - Vehicle accidents have become one of the majorissues, which cause the death of many people around the globe. Currently among all countries India is inthe top-ranked in death due to road accidents [1]. As the population is increasing day- by-day, the demand for the cars has also increased, because of this the areas in which there are no traffic signals or in the small areas the chances of vehicle accidents gets increased and dueto this the death rates gets increased. However the death rates do not completely depend on the accidents, the death rates also increases because oflack of help being provided to the injured person at right time. A system is needed to be build up whichwill help to reduce the death rates by sending the alert messageto the hospital or the closed ones, so that the injured personwill get the help as soon as possible. The aim of our designed project is to detect the accident as soon as it occurs and senda alert message along with the locationwhere the accident took place to the respective family members so that the injured person will get a quick and proper medical help. The result showed the accurate location of the vehicle via telegram bot and NodeMCU only thing is the GPS Module should always be able to catchthe location. We concluded that the designed model provideshigh accuracy and can detect the accident immediately becauseof proper calibration of accelerometer also the system is fully dependent on internet so in some areas where connectivity is less, it is difficult to get the location.

NotonlytalkingaboutIndia,In2009,33,808people died duetocarcrashesintheUSAonly[3].Bangladeshhasalso registered a rise by 19.58%, in road accidents in 2018 as comparedto2017and3,472accidentsin2017,wherethere were4,317deathsin2018[1].Thiswasaboutthe3countries buttherearemanymorecountrieswhichhavetodealwith theaccidents,andtheyarestillfindingaeffectivesolutionto it.Thereisnofixedwayinwhichaccidentscantakeplace, accidents can be caused due to the uncertain weather conditionsorduetofaultofdriverorduetointakeofalcohol andmanyotherways.

Inthiscurrentgenerationtimeismostvaluablething.To savethetimeortoutilizethedaytimemostofthepeoples travel at night, but due to this we get 1 step closer towardsthe accident because at that time the prominent reason ofaccident can be sleepy drivers. The survival rate dependsonwhattimetheambulancearrivesandtakesthe victimtothehospital[3].Inmostofthecasestheinjuryisnot majorbutbecauseoflatearrivalofrescueteam,theminor injurycanturn into death.

1. INTRODUCTION

Thecarshaveagreatimportanceinourdailylives.Cars areusedtosatisfyourdailyneeds,carsisanimportantmode of transport. But if the cars are not driven properly or if thereisalackofcarelessnesswhiledriving,itmayleadtothe majoraccidents.Talkingabouttheaccidents,inIndiasome about4,80,652accidentswererecordedin2016,whichleads to1,50,785deaths.Thestudyshowsthat413peopledieevery dayin1,317roadaccidents.Themostshockingthingisthat inIndiatheaccidentratehasbeenincreasedfrom29.1%in 2015to 31.4% in 2016 [2]. The (Fig 1) shows the road accidentgraphinIndia,whichgetsincreasingyearbyyear.

Fig.1. NumberOf RoadAccidents InIndia [4]

1 lakh road accidents took place in India in 2004, the numbersincreasedto1.2 lakh in 2010 and then 1.36 [4]. In short because of less emergency facilities in the country,lifeofthepeopleisunderrisk.Ansmartaccidental alertsystemwhichwillprovidetheexactlocationoftheplace where accident took place on telegram app has been introducedinthispaperusingGSMmoduleandNode-MCU.

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056

Volume: 09 Issue: 12 | Dec 2022 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

The latitudes and longitudes are sent on the telegram appas soon as the accident takes place. Also the proposed systemcanbealsousedasanormallocationtrackerofthe vehiclewhichcan trackthelivelocation ofvehicleeven if thereisnoaccident.Theadvantageofthesystemisthat,itis highlyaccurate,providesexactlocationandonarighttime.

TherestofthepapercontainsliteratureReviewinsection II,equipmentsUsedinsectionIII,flowchartofsystemworking insectionIV,someinformationabouttelegrambotinsection V,systemimplementationandworkinginsectionVI,system as vehicle tracker in section VII, flowchart of system as vehicle tracking system in section VIII and conclusion in sectionIX.

2. LITERATURE REVIEW

Inthispapertheauthorhasconsideredallpossibleways basedonaccelerationinwhichtheaccidentcanbedetected. When the anomaly situations occur, the author notices a change in spikes, this happens because of anomaly of acceleration.Pitch,Roll,XYZarethepointsorparameters on which the accident can detected [1].

The author has proposed a prototype for avoiding accidentsby giving a alert on the basis on the obstacles in the pathandturntoleftdirection.Thesystemproposed uses the ultrasonic sensor which measures the distance, whenthedistance goes below the safety distance then the alarm rings.If the sensor value is to less can the safest distance thevehicle automatically applies the break [2].

The author has used IOT to detect the accidents. The paperfirstlydescribestheimportanceofIOTinaday-to-day life.Laterauthorspeaksaboutthedifferentsensorssuchas piezoelectricsensor,accelerometersensor,pressuresensor whichareusedtodetecttheaccident.Theauthorsayssafe distanceshouldbemaintainedbetweenthecarstoavoidthe accidentsforthatpurposetheultrasonicsensorscanbeused [3].

The author says that there is a need of OS systems whichdonotdependonotherstorescuetheinjuredperson. TheauthorsaysthattheaccidentratesinIndiaareincreasing year-by-year, the graph shows the increase in rates and hencetheaccidentareaseriousmatter.Thepaperproposesa systemwhichisbasedonmicro-controller,whichtalkswith othersensors such as GPS and accelerometer [4].

ThepapertalksabouttheimportanceofGPStechnology andfurthertalksabouthowaccuratethenewGPSmodules work.TheauthorhasmentionedthedeathratesinUSAand other countries like Finland caused due to accidents. An accidentdetectionalgorithmhasalsobeenmentionedwhich uses the mass and speed of vehicle to generate kinetic energy [5].

Theauthorhasdesignedthesystemusingaccelerometer and when the accident is detected notification is sent to familymemberandhospital,withthehelpofNodeMCUthe locationis sent on the application [6].

3. Equipment’s Used

A. ESP8266 NodeMCU

Fig.2.ESP8266NodeMCU(Source:(https://www.heelectronicslk.com/product/node-mcuwi-fi-development-board-esp8266-cp2102-2/) )

With the help of NodeMCU one can connect objects and transfer the data using the Internet. Here in this project, NodeMCUisusedtosendthelocationlinkandothermessages totherespectiveauthoritywirelesslythroughWi-Fimodule viathe telegram application.

NodeMCUisthemostimportantcomponentinthisproject. NodeMCUoperatesoninternet.Todeliverthemessagetothe telegramapplicationwirelesslythereisaneedofNodeMCU. It consists of 1 analog input pin which we can connect to accelerometer or flame sensor and as per the input is provided (via flame or changing the directions) NodeMCU willwork accordingtothatanddeliverthemessagetothe mentioneduser’s telegram app.

B. Neo 6M GPS Module

Fig.3.Neo6MGPSModule(Source:(https://5.imimg.com/data5/ZM/WG/JQ/SELLER5015976/ublox-neo-6m-gps-module-500x500.jpg))

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056

Volume: 09 Issue: 12 | Dec 2022 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

The 6M GPS Module uses the most recent and latest technologytogivethebestpositioningtotheuser.Itconsists of 25 x 25mm antenna and also a socket named as UART TTL. At first the GPS Module takes time to find the GPS location,itconsistsofRedLEDlightwhichindicatesweather themodulehasreceivedtheGPSsignalornot.IftheredLED blinksthatmeansthemodulehasgottheGPSlocationofthe areawherethemoduleisplacedanditisreadytouse.

TheGPSModuleisusedformultiplepurposessuchas location,speed,timing,securityetc.Itcanprovideaccurate timeandlocationcoordinates[5].

(Fig. 4) shows the signals provided by Neo 6M GPS Modulewhichindicatesthatthemoduleisstillnotableto detect or track the location, the GPGLL link is still not activated. (Fig. 5) shows the output of Neo 6M when it catchesthelocation.

Fig.5. Neo6M GPS output whenlocation is found

C. ADXL 355 Accelerometer

Fig.4. Neo6M GPSoutput whenlocation not found

WhenthemodulecatchesthelocationtheredLEDstarts blinking. As shown in (Fig. 5) the most important part of outputisthe$GPGLLstring.Thisstringprovidestheexact location.Whenwedecodethisstring, wewill geta proper googlemapslinkviawhichwecangetthelocation.

Basedonthelocationwherethedeviceisplaced,thetime takenbymoduletocatchthelocationmaydiffer.Theuser has to make sure that the module is placed in open environmentsothatthesignalcanbeacquiredeasily.The users have to make sure that the socket has been placed properlyandhavepatienceuntilthesignalisnotobtained.

Fig. 6.Accelerometer(Source:(https://www.techtonics.in/adxl335-3-axis-analogoutput-accelerometer-module)

Accelerometerisasmalldeviceandhasaabilitytosense tilts in 3 dimensions [6] i.e X, Y, Z. It consists on 3 axis X,YandXwhicharegenerallyconnectedtoA0,A1andA2 pinsofarduinobutherebecausewe areusing ESP8266 it has only one analog pin, so we have interfaced only xaxisofAccelerometertoESP8266sowhenthecarwillbe upside down we will get the message “Car is upside down” alongwith the GPS location on telegram app.

If the gravity is to be measured the accelerometer can sensethestaticacceleration.Ifthereisankinfofmovement itcanalso sense the dynamic acceleration.

D. Flame Sensor

Fig.7. FlameSensor(Source:(https://electronicshub.pk/wp-content/uploads/ 2020/07/Flame-Sensor-Module-800x800-1-1.jpg)

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056

Volume: 09 Issue: 12 | Dec 2022 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

Iftheaccidentisverymajorthecarcanbesetonthefireso even that too is a urgent case so in order to detect that

incidentalsowehaveplacedtheflamesensor.Wheneverthe car will set on fire the respective authority will get the messagethat“ThecarisonFire”alongwiththeGPSlocation. The D0 pin of flame sensor is interfaced with A0 pin of NodeMCUtotakeainput.Wheneverthereisafirenearthe flame sensor (we assume that the car is set on fire) the ESP8266 willprovidetheoutputmessageontelegramapp.

E. Buzzer

4. TELEGRAM BOT

Telegram Bot is a account which is handled by softwarenotbyanyparticularuser.Telegrambotcanbe createdwiththehelpofBotFather.BotFatherisaofficial telegramaccountwhichprovidestheAPIfortheparticular bot,whichcanbeusedinthecodeandthemessages can be received via thatAPI key to the telegram bot.

(Fig. 10) shows the procedure to create the telegram bot.

The API in (Fig. 10) is a path through which the messageis received on the telegram.

Fig

8.Piezoelectric

(Source:(https://www.amazon.in/CentIoT%C2%AE-MagneticContinous-Computers-Printers/dp/B07Q6RM256)

When the accident will take place, the alert message willbedeliveredtofamilymembersviatelegramapp,butan alert message should also be given so that the people around the accident location can hear the sound and can provide urgent help so, whenever the accident occurs the buzzerringsforfewsecondssothatotherscanalsogetthe signalthattheaccidenthas really occurred.

3 FLOWCHART OF THE SYSTEM WORKING

Fig.9. Flowchart ofsystem working

Fig.10. Creationoftelegram bot

5. SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION AND WORKING

Fig.11. Implementation Diagram

So we will assume that the Bread-Board in the above diagram is a car. And this system is placed in it. So when weburnthecodeinESP8266,thenourmodelisreadytobe

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056

Volume: 09 Issue: 12 | Dec 2022 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

tested. Our telegram bot also gets activated automatically. Thisprojectcan also be used as the location tracker.

OurfirstExperiment(WithFlameSensor)-Whenwetake the flame closer to Flame Sensor immediately buzzer will startringing for few seconds, and then we will get the messageontelegramsuchas“CarisonFire”andthesecond messagewillbethegooglemapslinkofthelocationwherethe accidenthappened.

OurSecondExperiment(WithAccelerometer)-Wehave setanangleof461-539.Thatmeanswhenourcarwillbein betweenthesetwoanglestherewillbenoaccidentdetected butiftheanglegoesbelow461orrisesabove539thenthe accidentwillbedetectedandthemessageonthetelegram willbe“Carisupsidedown”andthesecondmessagewillbe thegoogle maps link, as shown in (Fig. 12)

Oneoftheprominentadvantageoftheproposedsystemis, apart from detecting the accident and sending the alert messagealongwiththemessage,theproposedmodelcanalso be used to simply track the location. Whenever the user needstoknowwherehiscarcurrentlyis,hecansimplytype orsendamessage“Location”andthebotwillrespondinthe form of google maps link which will provide the exact location of the car.

Asshownin(Fig.13) whenthesystemisinitializedand ifanyuserwantthelocationofthecarhesimplytypesthe “Location” to get the google map link.

The$GPGLLstringmentionedin(Fig.5)isthemainstring through which we are able to get the location. The major drawback of the system is, if the GPS module is not able togetthesignal(Noredlightblinking)thenitisimpossible togetthelocation.Soitisimportanttoplacedeviceinopen environment.

Whenthedeviceisfreshittakestimetocatchthelocation, butlateronwarditcancatchtheopenenvironmentsignal easily.

7. FLOWCHART OF VEHICLE TRACKING SYSTEM

Fig.12. TelegramBotOutput

6. SMART ACCIDENTAL SYSTEM AS A VEHICLE LOCATION TRACKER

Fig.14. LocationTrackerSystemFlowchart

8. CONCLUSION

Fig.13. RegularLocationTracker

Day by dayaccidentsare increasing in India because of, victim not getting help at proper time. The model designedcanbeasolutiontothisproblem.Whiledesigning thismodelwehaveensuredthatthemodelmusthaveahigh accuracy and must detect the accident immediately, because of the angleof accelerometer set at 461-539 as soon as the tilt happensalert signal gets generated along with location also the flame sensor works fine with great accuracy.Thesystemisfullydependent on internet, so in

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056

Volume: 09 Issue: 12 | Dec 2022 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

some remote areas it is difficultto get the location of car whentheaccidentoccurs.Accidentalratescanbereducedif proper help is provided and the rules are followed. The proposedsystemcanbeusedasaefficientsolution to help victim when accident takes place.

9. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We are sincerely thankful to Paras Palli and Prof. Ajay Talele, for their consistent guidance, encouragement and motivation throughout the period of this work. We are thankful for his right guidance when the model was not working properly sometimes, because of him we were successfullyabletoimplement this model.

REFERENCES

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[2] P. Kanchanamala, S. Sai, T. Jyothi, and U. Scholor, “Anti-accidentalertsystem,”2018.

[3] U.Alvi,M.A.K.Khattak,B.Shabir,A.W.Malik,andS. R.Muhammad,“Acomprehensivestudyoniotbasedaccident detectionsystemsforsmartvehicles,”IEEEAccess,vol.8,pp. 122480–122497,2020.

[4] S. Roy, A. Kumari, P. Roy, and R. Banerjee, “An arduino based automatic accident detection and location communication system,” in 2020 IEEE 1st International Conference for Convergence in Engineering (ICCE). IEEE, 2020,pp.38–43.

[5] M. S. Amin, J. Jalil, and M. B. I. Reaz, “Accident detection and reporting system using gps, gprs and gsm technology,”in2012InternationalConferenceonInformatics, Electronics&Vision(ICIEV).IEEE,2012,pp.640–643.

[6] N.Patel,D.Tank,K.Patel,R.Adatkar,andR.Thosar, “Vehicle accident alert system,” in 2nd International Conference onAdvancesinScience& Technology(ICAST), 2019.

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