International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN:2395-0056
Volume: 09 Issue: 12 | Dec 2022 www.irjet.net p-ISSN:2395-0072
GAS LEAKAGE DETECTOR
Abstract - The technology of Internet of Things is nowadays automating all our lives in daily basis and also aims to make things work without human interference in it. Since we today use Internet of Things for variety of purposes in different fields we also try to bring the use of this technology in security field to make things simple and efficient. Our project is also an idea to bring the Internet of Things in protection of people and other beings from gas leakage, which is very harmful if leaked in closed or open space. Since the traditional Gas systems are very efficient are have low chances of gas leakage but they don’t have a solution to warn people around them if gas is leaked by any chance. Therefore we have built this application for both the industry and society which will detect the gas leakage and alert the people around the gas system .To alert the people around and also sending a text message to the respective authorities about the gas leakage . Today gas leakage has become an important issue to tackle. Talking about Carbon pollution, it has become a need of an hour. Lpg gas is also considered very harmful if leaked and can manage to destroy people and properties surrounded. Hence to avoid such a problems some effective gas leakage systems are being proposed as solution and used. Out idea of this project is to create a gas detection hardware system and to make it available to household level. This can also be used in factories and industries to save the properties and worker lives if any gas get leaked in that area. This system monitors and warns about harmful chemicals in the air and surrounding at workplaces such as factories, and it can also be used in households by making them alert through an LCD display and sending a message to a registered phone number.
Key Words: LiquidPetroleumGas,LCD – LiquidCrystal Display, GSM- Global System for Mobile Communications,MQ – 2sensor,Arduino,IoT – Internet ofThings
1. INTRODUCTION
LPGisusedinalmostevery householdofourcountryand alsoinvariousestablishmentssuchasrestaurants,hotels, offices,etc.Althoughsomethingwhichweusedaily,itcan behazardousandfatalattimes.
Weoftenforgettoswitchoffthegassupplyafterwefinish usingthestove.ThiscanleadtotheleakageoftheLPGgas, which is highly inflammable. Sometimes, the leakage can causeseverefires.
Therefore, through this paper, we propose a system to monitor the leakage of the LPG(Liquefied Petroleum Gas) and also to alert the user through SMS in case leakage is detected.
The main technology used here is the Internet of Things. The proposed system will use a gas sensor to detect the leakage, following which, the concerned authority will be alerted through a message using the GSM Module in ArduinoUno.
Thus, the system can help prevent a fire and in turn can preventseveredamagetopropertyaswellashumans.
2.
ARDUINO
•The Arduino Uno is an open-source microcontroller board based on the Microchip ATmega328P microcontrolleranddevelopedby’Arduino.cc’.
•A variety of expansion boards and other circuits can be interfaced with the board's sets of digital and analogue input/outputpins.
•Itiseconomicalandsimpletouse.
International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN:2395-0056
Volume: 09 Issue: 12 | Dec 2022 www.irjet.net p-ISSN:2395-0072
SIM 900 GSM Module
SIM900GSMmoduleisusedtosendSMS,DataandFax.
•SIM900isdesignedwithpower-savingtechniquessothat thecurrentconsumptionislow.
•Programmable general-purpose input and output. One SIMcardinterface.SupportBluetoothfunction.
3. LITERATURE SURVEY
This system of device which detects the gas is already presentinthemarketandtheideawasgivenwellbackas theimportanceforthisdeviceismuchnowinmanyfields forexampleinindustrieswherethereisanhugechanceof gasleakageandmassivedestructioncanbecauseddueto it, not only to the workers but also the property. Also in homesthisdevicewillplayanimportantroleasthesafety offamily
MQ135 Gas Sensor
•MQ-135 gas sensors can be implemented to detect the smoke,benzene,steamandotherharmfulgasses.
•It is low cost and particularly suitable for Air quality monitoringapplications.
•In the atmosphere we can find polluting gasses, but the conductivity of the gas sensor increases as the concentrationofpollutinggasincreases.
members and the property is at stake if any cylinder is leaked. This device can also be used in cars where the leakagecanputthecaronfire.Dr.WalterSnellingcameup with the idea of LPG gas in the year of 1910. It is a composition of butane and some amount of commercial propane It is known to be very volatile, and there have been many accidents reported due to LPG leakage. Therefore for safety concerns it becomes need of an hour tointroducethegasleakagedetectionsystem. Gadetector devices are of man types it depends on which type of gas they are detecting ,which type of gas sensors are being usedalsotheothercomponentsofitmakesitdifferent. In ourday-to-daylifewecomeacrossavarietyofIOTdevices and most of them have the capacity to emit as when operated in air. To a human eye it becomes quite difficult to look upon the concentration level of gas being blown out of the device also sometimes to notice it. If by chance thegasisleakedandthereissomesmall spark around or anyotherharmfulgaswhichcancombineandmakesever destruction in the surround and also can cause serious health problems to living being inhaling that gas. There havebeenalotofworkinthisdomainbuttheresearchers are still finding a way to make the use of advanced technology upcoming and make the device more effective andtrytoreduceitscosttomakeitfeasible.
International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN:2395-0056
Volume: 09 Issue: 12 | Dec 2022 www.irjet.net p-ISSN:2395-0072
Theauthorsofreference[1] haveelaboratedtheidea ofa system that has detection and monitoring of the LPG gas and have used MQ – 5 sensors. The functionality of this systemisdetectingLPGgasleakandhencethebuzzerwill buzzandamessagewillbesentontotherequiredperson on their mobile phone. Also during monitoring the gas being basedonthecylinderweight,thathasbeendecided by the load sensor, after that the message will be sent to theowneroftheapplication.
Talking about the authors of reference [2] proposed the ideaofusingthepushbulletforthefast transferof dataof a given message using the Wi-Fi module which gets activated when a gas is leaked that is connected to ArduinoUNO
Authorsof[3]has elaboratedtheidea ofsensing multiple gassesandusingmultiplesensorsforthatforexample,the LPGgaswill besensedbysensorMQ – 6,formethanegas, the sensor used is MQ – 4, and benzene is detected using the sensor using MQ – 135 respectively. Now, talking of output it will be given in the form of PPM. For the text to besentonthemobileofownerESP32isbeingused.
Authors of reference [4] propose a system for monitoring thegasandsendingtextmessages.NodeMCUisapowerful platform being used in their system for monitoring the messagessentandloadofthesystem.Iftheweightisless, thenitwillbedisplayedusingubidots.
Authors of [5] proposed a system, where the LPG gas managementisproposedfortheminimumcostwhichhas to be low.Along with the detection and monitoring of the gas, the system also has a functionality of calculating the temperatureandhumidityconcentration
4. METHODOLOGY
Flowchart
Flowchart is the overall rough idea of what types of processesaprojectgoesthrough.Belowistheflowchartof ourprojectdemonstratingprocessessuchasstartingwith the Arduino UNO and checking if gas leakage is there or not, if yes then the signal is sent to buzzer and the other signalissenttoGSMmodulewhichinturnsendstheSMS alerttothepredefinedphonenumbers.
Block diagram
Theblockdiagrambelowdemonstratestheworkingstates anddirectionofprocesses.InthestarttheGSM isaskedto check if the connection with the microcontroller is done correctly or not. It is done by sending a signal to microcontroller.Themonitoring partstartswhereifthere isanygasleakageinthesurrounding itisdetected bythe sensorMQ-5.Thenitimmediatelysendssignaltothe
ArduinoUNOabouttheleakageandArduinointurnsends the signal to the other connected secondary devices that aretheBuzzer,LCDandtheGSMunit.
International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN:2395-0056
Volume: 09 Issue: 12 | Dec 2022 www.irjet.net p-ISSN:2395-0072
Once any leakage of gas is detected then the given below stepsarebeingfollowed:
Step 1: At the start, the system is set to on and then wheneverthegasisdetectedbytheMQ-5sensoritsendsa signal to Arduino UNO which in turn sends the signal to LCDdisplayandhenceLCDissettoon.
Step2:AftercompletionofthefirststeptheArduinoUNO sends a signal to the buzzer which in turn starts to buzz afterreceivingthesignal.
Step 3: In the end, the Arduino UNO sends the power signaltotheGSMunitwhichstartstowork andsendsthe message on the phone numbers already written in code abouttheleakage,makingthemalert.
Working Principles
Herethedirectconnectionisbetweenthemicrocontroller Arduino UNO and the gas sensor which detects the gas in surrounding is MQ-5 unit. Also the signal after gas is detected is sent to Arduino UNO through comparator because it converts the signals where MQ-5 sends analog signals and the Arduino UNO needs to receive digital signals.
A16x2LCDisalsooneoftheperipheraldevicesconnected to Arduino UNO which turns on the display when the signalisreceivedfromArduinoUNO.
Apart from MQ-5 and LCD display the other peripheral device connected to Arduino UNO is the buzzer which on receivingsignalsfromtheArduinoUNObuzzesandhence thesurroundinggetstoknowaboutthegasleakage.
When the gas is leaked and detected by the MQ-5 sensor thesignalissenttotheArduinoUNO whichinturnsends signaltoothersecondarydividesconnectedtoitwhichare the buzzer which after receiving the signal starts to buzz, next is the LCD display which is also set to on after receiving signal from microcontroller then the last is the GSMunitwhichalsoreceivesthesignalfromArduinoUNO andthenstartstofunctionandsendsthemessageas“The gas leakage has been detected!!!!!” to the phone numbers alreadydefinedinthecode.
The system is started when Arduino UNO receives the power supply and then instantly the MQ-5 is set on and startstomonitortheairaroundinsurrounding.Whenever thegasleakageisnotdetecteduntilthentheLCDdisplays “Nogasleaked,everythingnormal”.
Gasleakageleadstosevereaccidentsresultinginmaterial lossesandhumaninjuries. Gasleakageoccursmainlydue to poor maintenance of equipment and inadequate awareness of the people. Hence, this project aims at the detection of gas leakage to prevent accidents and to save humanlives.
● This system can be used in home security - to prevent accidentsinthekitchenduetogas.
● Industrial Security - this system can be very useful in industrywheregascancauselotofdamageoraccidents
● Enhancement - can be Enhanced to automate specific gaslevels.
● Automation - can be enhanced to automate the electric cutoffprocesstopreventshortcircuits.
International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN:2395-0056
Volume: 09 Issue: 12 | Dec 2022 www.irjet.net p-ISSN:2395-0072
5. CONCLUSIONS
Gasleakageleadstosevereaccidentsresultinginmaterial lossesandhumaninjuries. Gasleakageoccursmainlydue to poor maintenance of equipment and inadequate awareness of the people. Hence, this project aims at the detection of gas leakage to prevent accidents and to save humanlives.
● This system can be used in home security - to prevent accidentsinthekitchenduetogas.
● Industrial Security - this system can be very useful in industrywheregascancauselotofdamageoraccidents
● Enhancement - can be Enhanced to automate specific gaslevels
● Automation - can be enhanced to automate the electric cutoffprocesstopreventshortcircuits.
6. FUTURE SCOPE
The future scope of the project is to add more software intelligentfeatureswiththissystem.
It is an automatic gas detection, control and warning system. In the future, this system will have a function whereitcan
Intheeventofanaccident,notifytheemergencyservices. Real-timemobileappandwebappmonitoringwillalsobe added. Many smart functions will be added in the user application for this system. Total features will make the system more secure for users. The system will be optimized for use in many places such as cars, homes, industry and many other places. After designing the final prototype with a smart multifunctional function, the systemwillbeimplementedinareal-lifescenario.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
WE WOULD LIKE TO THANK VISHWAKARMA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY FOR PRESENTING US THIS OPPORTUNITY. I WOULD ALSO LIKE TO THANK OUR TEACHER PROF. PUSHKAR JOGLEKAR FOR HIS GUIDANCE.
REFERENCES
[1] Jaero, S. E., & Ganesh, A. B. 2011, March. PIC18LF4620basedcustomizablewirelesssensornodeto detect hazardous gas pipeline leakage. In 2011 International
Conference on Emerging Trends in Electrical and ComputerTechnology.https://ieeexplore.ieee.org(IEEE)
[2] Ramya, V., & Palaniappan, B. Embedded system for Hazardous Gas detection and Alerting. International JournalofDistributedandParallelSystems(IJDPS),2012
[3] Shrivastava, A., Prabhaker, R., Kumar, R., & Verma, R. GSM based gas leakage detection system. InternationalJournalof
[4] Emerging Trends in Electrical and Electronics (IJETEE),2013.
[5] Hema, L. K., Murugan, D., & Chitra, M. WSN based Smart system for detection of LPG and Combustible gasses. In National Conf. on Architecture, Software systemsandGreencomputing-2013.
[6] Deepak, N., Rajendra Prasad, C., & Sanjay Kumar, S. Patient health monitoring using IOT. International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering, 2018. https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-52258021-8.ch002