A REVIEW ON EFFECT OF FRESH CONCRETE PROPERTIES ON THE COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF CONCRETE

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056

Volume: 09 Issue: 12 | Dec 2022 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

A REVIEW ON EFFECT OF FRESH CONCRETE PROPERTIES ON THE COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF CONCRETE

1M.Tech Scholar, Civil Engineering Department, SAGE University, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India 2Professor, Civil Engineering Department, SAGE University, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India ***

Abstract -The characteristics of ingredients used for construction will affect the performanceofpreparedconcrete. Coarse and fine aggregates are major constituents of cement concrete when composed for preparing concrete for construction. Similarly, thecompressivestrengthofconcreteis influenced by the characteristics of newly laid concrete Several researchers concluded from their experimental works that type of material used significantly influence the strength and workability of concrete. In the present research, several studies performed by other researchers are reviewed in order to provide the information about effect of fresh concrete properties on the compressive strength of concrete.

Keywords: Aggregate,flaky,workability,freshconcrete

1. INTRODUCTION

Sincequitesometime,concretehasbeenusedinbuilding.In thepast,compressivestrengthandconstructionhavebeen themainconcernsinstructuraldesignofconcretebuildings. However, recent field research has shown that concrete structuresdeterioratewithtimeduetoaprogressivelossof material features and attributes, which in turn affects a structure'sperformanceandendurance.Inordertooptimize the performance of structures, maintenance of decaying concrete structures is necessary on a regular basis. There has been an increase in interest in the subject of damage assessment and maintenance of concrete buildings since building structures haven't performed well over the last severaldecades.Physicaldamage,suchasthatproducedby fire,abrasion,orpressuresfromexpansionandcontraction, and chemical damage, such as that generated by a hostile environment,causestructurestodegradeanddeteriorate, whicheventuallyresultsinadeclineinperformance.

Parameterseffectsfreshconcrete

Theangularaggregatesarebettertoroundedaggregatesin thetwocircumstances–

CEMENT TO AGGREGATE RATIO

Condition and performance of RC structures mainly influence by compressive strength of concrete structures. Thisdependsoverthecementtoaggregate(fineandcoarse aggregates)ratio.

WATER TO CEMENT RATIO (W/C)

Water to cement ratio of concrete mix influences the compressivestrengthandseveralcharacteristicsofconcrete whichfinallyinfluencestheconditionofhardconcrete

WORKABILITY OF CONCRETE

Freshconcreteisconsideredtohavehighworkabilityifit can be compacted, finished, and moulded to the desired shape and texture with little effort and without the componentsbeingseparated.Poorlyworkableconcrete is challenging to compress and polish, does not adequately enclose embedded objects and reinforcing steel, and does notfloweasilyintoshapes.Thephraseisrelative,however, sinceablendthatissuitableforonekindorsizeofelement may be too stiff or harsh for another, depending on the application. Each mixture must be appropriate for the purposeforwhichitisbeingused,balancingthedemands forfluidity,strength,andeconomy.Workabilityreferstothe cohesiveness and consistency of the mixture and is influencedbytheamountofcement,aggregates,water,and admixtures

STRENGTH

In compression, concrete is robust, but in tension and bending,itiscomparativelyweak.Concretemustbecrushed withconsiderablepower,yetitonlyneedstobepulledapart orcrackedlittletodoeither.Compressivestrengthislargely governed by the quantity of cement used, but it is also influencedbythewatertocementratio,theappropriateness andextentofmixingandputting,aswellastheamountof hydration and curing. In high-strength mixtures, tensile strengthisoften7or8%ofcompressivestrength;inlowstrength mixes, it is 11 or 12%. The use of steel or fibre reinforcementmayboosttensilestrengthaswellasflexural bending strengthThe required compressive strength is established by analysing the applied loads and the sitespecific soil properties at the project site. The true compressive strength of a material may be established by controlledlaboratorytestingutilisingestablishedprotocols and equipment. Multiple samples of the concrete used in commercial building projects are tested to make sure it meetstherequiredstrengthstandardsbeforethefinalpour. Withthepossibleexceptionofbig,high-endprojectsorthose on challenging sites where particular foundation designs

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056

Volume: 09 Issue: 12 | Dec 2022 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

makeconcretestrengthacrucialfactor,laboratorytestingis notoftenneededinresidentialconstruction

DURABILITY:

Durability may be defined as the ability to keep working properlyforalongtime.Thereisalinkbetweenusefulness and adequate performance in an application. Abrasion resistance is a must for any concrete that will be used for vehicular or foot traffic. Exposed concrete on a building's outside has to be weather resistant to avoid degradation caused by repeated cycles of freezing and thawing. Extremely increasing air entrainment may considerably improve the durability of concrete that has gone through several freeze-thaw cycles. Concrete with embedded steel reinforcement has to be resistant to excessive moisture absorptioninordertoavoidcorrosion.Evenwhileconcrete maylosepartofitsaestheticvalueandlustreasaresultof weatheringandnormalwear,durabilityneverthelessimplies that it will serve its intended purpose for a significant amountoftime

VOLUME STABILITY:

All materials expand and contract in response to temperaturefluctuations,andporousmaterialslikeconcrete also do the same in response to variations in moisture content. Cement-based goods, such as concrete, concrete masonry, and stucco, initially shrink when the cement hydratesand the additional mixingwater evaporates.The first period of shrinkage is irreversible, but subsequent expansionandcontractionduetochangesintemperatureor moisturearereversible.Concretemayfractureasaresultof excessive shrinkage. The degradation cycle may start as a result of the fractures allowing moisture to enter. It is possiblethatsteelorfibrereinforcementwillaidtoreduce theseverityofshrinkagecracking,andcontroljoints,which cuttheconcreteintosmallerpanelsorsections,mayhelpto controlthelocationanddurabilityofshrinkagecracksinwet climates.However,themixdesignandconstituentquantities alsohaveanimpactonthelikelihoodofshrinkagecracking.

COHESIVENESS:

The component of workability known as cohesiveness reveals if a compound has abrasive, sticky, or plastic properties.Itispreferabletohaveflexibleconcrete,which can be shaped into various shapes and then kept in that shape.Acombinationthatistoorigidmightcausetheparts tosplit,soit'simportanttofindtherightbalance.Toomuch or too little water used while mixing (high- or low-slump mixes), too little cement (lean mixes), or too few fine aggregateparticlesmayallleadtoalessthandesirableend result.Aggregateparticlesthataretoolarge,sharp,flat,or lengthy might also be problematic. Even if it's possible to soften a particularly harsh combination by including air, increasing the amount of fine aggregate, or boosting the

cement content, in most cases the whole mix must be reworked to maintain the ideal ratio of all components. Extremelyfinecomponents,suchascement(fatmixtures)or rock dust, fine sand, or other analogous materials, may contribute significantly to the adhesive properties of a combination (over-sanded mixes). Because they need so muchwatertobeevensomewhatworkable,stickymixesare notoriouslydifficulttoseparate,andtheyalsotendtoexhibit considerable shrinkage cracking. Unless the concrete is treated poorly, a plastic mix's constituents do not readily separate and it is cohesive without being either sticky or abrasive.

2. LITERATURE REVIEW

Thestudyhasbeenperformedby Muhit et al. (2013) for examiningthepropertiesofconcreteduetodissimilartypes ofaggregates.Variousshapesandprojectedtotalshavebeen joined and used to get ready different groups of concrete withvariablewater-cement(w/c).

Jakarsi (2013) consideredtheresultsoflaboratorytestsfor finding the effects of flaky dimensioned aggregates on characteristics of concrete. Marshall Mix Design has been usedforestimatingallthemixdesigns.

AnObservationhas beenmadeby Ryza et al. (2013),for understanding thesignificanceofthe shapeofaggregates. Different shapeIn concrete, the state of total particles has been connected with s and casted totals have been consolidatedandusedtogetreadyseveralpropertiessuch asreliability,slumporshearflow,resistanceagainstshear, tensileandotherbehaviors. Inrecentyears, Digital Image techniqueshavebeenconductedtofindtheparticleshape characteristicsofaggregate.

Uysal and Tanyildizi (2012) Compressive strength was modelled using an artificial neural network for selfcompactingconcretethatincludedmineraladmixturesand polypropylene fibres and was then heated to high temperatures.Mineraladmixturessuchasflyash,granulated blastfurnaceslag,zeolite,groundlimestone,groundbasalt, and ground marble were used instead. Fibre-reinforced polypropylene rates compared to those without. To anticipate the reduction in compressive strength of selfcompactingconcrete(SCC)mixescausedbyexposuretohigh temperatures,anempiricalmodelwasdevelopedusingANN, andithasbeenprovedtobeprettyexcellent

Bilgehan and Turgut (2010) Antechniqueisprovidedthat allows one to realistically identify concrete strengths in reinforcedconcretestructuresthatalreadyexistbutdonot haveorhavenorecordoftheconcretemixtureratios.Asa result, researchers may quickly assess concrete sample' compressive strength using UPV measurements. The strategymayalsobeusedinsituationswhentherearetoo many constructions or tests to complete in the allotted

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International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056

Volume: 09 Issue: 12 | Dec 2022 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

amount of time. The results comparison clearly demonstrates the effectiveness of the ANN technique in predictingthecompressivestrengthofconcreteusingUPV data.

Vyawahare and Modani (2009) Researchwasconductedto determine the allowed percentages of aggregates in the concretemixestoincreasetheworkabilityandstrengthof theconcretewithflakyandelongatedparticles

Maslehuddin et al. [2003], Whentheelasticcharacteristics of crushed limestone aggregate concrete and steel-slag cementconcretewereexamined,itwasdiscoveredthatthe steel-slagcementconcrete'selasticqualitiesweresuperior tothoseofthecrushedlimestoneaggregateconcrete.Some physicalpropertiesaresuperiortothoseofconcretemade fromgroundlimestone.

Westerholm et al. (2008) reported the findings of a laboratoryexaminationintotherheologicalcharacteristics, includingtheyieldstressandviscosityoftheconcrete.With theuseoftheappropriatetools,theeffectsofgradingand sandparticleformhavebeenstudied.Theoutcomesofthe trials show how sand's amount and features affected the consistency and workability of mortar, among other properties. The amount of mortar is a key factor in determininghowmuchthesandqualitiesaffect.

3. CONCLUSION

Theimpactofnovelconcretequalitiesonthecompressive strength of concrete has been the subject of several investigations.Thekeyfindingsofthisresearcharestatedin thelistbelow:

Severalvarietiesofmaterialtypesareavailableformaking concretebutselectionofanymethodisnotaneasytask.

Thispaperprovidesbasicinformationhowfreshproperties effectscrushingstrengthofconcrete.

Shape of aggregate particles has been related to several characteristicsofconcretesuchasreliability,slumporshear flow,resistanceagainstshear,tensileandotherbehaviors.

4. REFERENCES



Muhit,I.B.,S.Haque,andMd.RabiulAlam."Influenceof CrushedCoarseAggregatesonPropertiesofConcrete."

AmericanJournalofCivilEngineeringandArchitecture 1,No.5(2013):103-106. 

Jarkasi, Mohd. Daud (2013) Influence of Aggregate FlakinessonMarshallPropertiesforAsphalticConcrete (Ac14) Mixture. M. Tech. thesis, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia,FacultyofCivilEngineering.



Polat, Rýza, et al. "The correlation between aggregate shape and compressive strength of concrete: digital image processing approach."International Journal of StructuralandCivilEngineeringResearch(2013):1-19.

Uysal, M., & Tanyildizi, H. (2012). Estimation of compressive strength of self-compacting concrete containing polypropylene fiber and mineral additives exposed to high temperature using artificial neural network. Construction and Building Materials, 27(1), 404-414 

Bilgehan, M., & Turgut, P. (2010). Artificial neural network approach to predict compressive strength of concretethroughultrasonicpulsevelocity.Researchin NondestructiveEvaluation,21(1),1-17. 

Vyawahare M R, Modani P O “Improvement In WorkabilityAndStrengthOfConcreteWithFlakyAnd ElongatedAggregates”34thconferenceOnOurWorldIn Concrete&Structures:16-18August2009,Singapore 

Shetty,M.S.(2003Edition)ConcreteTechnology:Theory andPractice,S.Chand&CompanyLtd,India. 

Westerholm, M., Lagerblad, B., Silfwerbrand, J., & Forssberg, E. (2008). Influence of fine aggregate characteristicsontherheologicalpropertiesofmortars. CementandConcreteComposites,30(4),274-282.