International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) Volume: 09 Issue: 11 | Nov 2022
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e-ISSN: 2395-0056 p-ISSN: 2395-0072
The Floating Axis Wind Turbine's Preliminary Study Jigisha Ahirrao1, Lalit Patil2, Mangesh Mondhe3, Atharva Joshi4 ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------There are vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT) designs for Abstract - Using a tilted cross flow wind turbine that is
offshore wind generation in order to avoid building tall towers. Large-capacity VAWT provides several advantages in offshore applications while not being widely used in onshore applications. The VAWT's electric generator may be mounted near the base of the rotating axis, allowing for a lower gravity centre height than the HAWT. Additionally, it makes important mechanics that are situated at low altitudes accessible for simple maintenance. Blonk demonstrated that the offshore VAWT ideas' economic performance is on par with that of HAWT [3]. Nenuphar [4] suggested a direct drive electric generator and a straight blade VAWT installed on a tri-column float.
floating on water, the floating axis wind turbine is a novel idea for lowering the cost of offshore wind energy. The floating axis turbine layout will be an alternate choice for large-capacity offshore wind turbines because building a high tower of a horizontal axis wind turbine in an ocean setting is costly. The description of the concept and an example design are provided in the article.
Key Words: Component; floating axis wind turbine, FAWT, offshore wind turbine, vertical axis wind turbine
1. INTRODUCTION Offshore wind turbine is a hopeful renewable energy device because of the steady wind force in offshore environment. Since shallow water region suitable for constructing bottom- fixed offshore wind turbine is limited, we have to consider the further development of floating offshore wind turbines. However, the cost of floating wind turbine is considered to be more expensive than those of offshore wind turbines with foundations on sea bed in shallow water region.
Keeping the tower or vertical axis turbine in an upright posture on a floating platform is difficult. The size of the float and overall cost of the plant rise in order to provide the turbine with enough stability. Sway[5] suggested the inclined floating HAWT as a solution to the problem. The turbine is positioned in the design atop a tower that is tethered to the ocean floor. The suction anchor and ballast weight linked to the bottom end limit the tilt angle of the tower to a few degrees. A Darrieus turbine installed on a rotating spar buoy was suggested by Deepwind [6]. Even at 20MW rated power, it is not necessary to design largecapacity mechanical bearings since the spinning axis is supported by buoyancy. Technical difficulties must be overcome in order to install the electric generator that is intended for the bottom of the spar buoy.
At present, most of offshore wind turbine concepts are conversion of land based horizontal axis wind turbine (HAWT) because of its successful development in these days. However, their high tower for supporting the wind turbine leads to significant increase of cost in ocean environment because keeping the upright position of high tower requires large floating structure. Also, construction and maintenance of wind turbine on the top of tower require specially designed work vessels (crane ships) or calm water condition. Since offshore wind farms will be sited in windy (and rough) sea area, the probability of calm weather for such operations is not high. It leads to the increase of construction period deteriorates the total economy of the project.
Significant efforts are made to maintain the turbine in an upright position in the ideas mentioned above. Even though Sway and Deepwind's concepts permit their turbine to tilt, the angle's range is constrained. The conceptual drawings for floating wind turbines are shown in Figure 1. The floating concepts of the HAWT, straight blade VAWT, Darrieus blade VAWT, and Deepwind are depicted in Figures 1(a), (b), (c), and (d), respectively. Figure 1 illustrates the notion of a slanted floating turbine that was developed by Akimoto et al. [7] to further reduce the overall cost of offshore wind energy (d). It is the concept of a floating axis wind turbine (FAWT).
There are proposals for floating wind turbines that stand out for their efforts to bring down the overall cost of the plant. In the North Sea off Norway, Hywind [1] is the first large-capacity floating wind turbine. Its 2.3MW turbine is mounted on a straightforward spar buoy that is catenary cable-moored to the ocean floor. HAWT on a tri-column floating platform was the idea put out by Wind Float [2]. In order to reduce the structural weight of the plant, the turbine tower stands on one of three columns. In order to lower the cost of float per turbine, there are designs for many rotors on a huge float. Wind turbines on a float may face aerodynamic interference if they are placed near to one another.
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Similar to the Deep wind idea, the FAWT turbine is mounted atop a spinning spar buoy. The secondary float limits the turbine's ability to move in a planer motion. The secondary float, which is situated above the water, has electric generators installed.
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